Hanyar Gwajin Matsi don Bawul ɗin Masana'antu Daban-daban
A al'ada, ba a gwada bawul ɗin masana'antu don ƙarfin amfani da su, amma bayan gyarawa, jiki da ƙugiya ko lalata da suka lalace da bonnet ya kamata a gwada don ƙarfi. Don bawuloli masu aminci, matsawar su akai-akai da matsin dawowa da sauran gwaje-gwaje za su bi ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun su da ƙa'idodin da suka dace. Gwajin ƙarfin bawul da gwajin hatimin bawul ya kamata a yi a kan benci na gwajin bawul kafin shigar da bawul. Ya kamata a duba ƙananan bawul ɗin matsa lamba 20% ta bazuwar, 100% ta marasa cancanta, da 100% ta matsakaici da matsananciyar matsa lamba. Ruwa, mai, iska, tururi, nitrogen da sauran kafofin watsa labaru da aka saba amfani da su don gwajin matsa lamba. Hanyoyin gwajin matsin lamba don bawul ɗin masana'antu daban-daban tare da bawul ɗin pneumatic sune kamar haka:
1. Hanyar Gwajin Matsi na Globe Valve da Matsakaicin Valve
Gwaje-gwajen ƙarfi na globe da throttle valves yawanci suna sanya bawul ɗin da aka haɗa a madaidaicin gwajin matsa lamba, buɗe diski, allurar matsakaici zuwa ƙayyadaddun ƙimar, kuma bincika ko jiki da murfin suna zufa da zubowa. Hakanan ana iya yin gwajin ƙarfi akan yanki ɗaya. Ana yin gwajin hatimi ne kawai don bawuloli na duniya. A lokacin gwajin, tushen bawul ɗin globe yana cikin yanayin tsaye, diski yana buɗewa, ana gabatar da matsakaici daga ƙasan diski zuwa ƙimar da aka tsara, kuma ana duba filler da gasket. Lokacin da ya cancanta, diski yana rufe kuma a buɗe ɗayan ƙarshen don duba ko akwai yabo. Idan ana so a yi gwajin ƙarfi da hatimi na bawul ɗin, za a iya yin gwajin ƙarfin da farko, sannan za a iya saukar da matsa lamba zuwa ƙayyadadden ƙimar gwajin hatimin don bincika filler da gasket, sannan rufe diski ɗin bawul kuma bude hanyar don duba ko saman hatimin yana zubowa.
2. Hanyar Gwajin Matsi na Ƙofar Valve
Gwajin ƙarfi na bawul ɗin ƙofar daidai yake da na bawul ɗin duniya. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don rufe gwajin bawul ɗin ƙofar.
(1) An buɗe ƙofar don tayar da matsa lamba a cikin bawul zuwa ƙimar da aka tsara; sannan a rufe gate din nan da nan cire bawul din gate din. Bincika ko akwai ɗigogi a wuraren hatimi a ɓangarorin biyu na ƙofar ko allurar matsakaicin gwaji kai tsaye cikin filogi a kan murfin zuwa ƙimar da aka tsara, sa'annan a duba wuraren hatimi a bangarorin biyu na ƙofar. Hanyar da ke sama ana kiranta gwajin matsa lamba na matsakaici. Wannan hanyar ba ta dace da gwajin hatimi na bawul ɗin ƙofa tare da diamita mara kyau ƙasa da DN32mm.
Wata hanyar ita ce buɗe ƙofar don gwajin gwajin bawul ɗin ya tashi zuwa ƙimar da aka ƙayyade; sannan a rufe gate din sannan a bude daya gefen farantin makafin don duba ko saman da aka rufe yana zubowa. Juya kai baya kuma maimaita gwaje-gwajen da ke sama har sai kun cancanta.
The sealing gwajin filler da gasket na pneumatic ƙofar bawul ya kamata a za'ayi kafin sealing gwajin na ƙofar.
3. Hanyar gwajin matsin lamba na Ball Valve
Gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa ya kamata a gudanar da shi a cikin rabin buɗaɗɗen yanayin bawul ɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon.
(1) Sealability gwajin na iyo ball bawul: bawul ne a cikin Semi-bude jihar, daya karshen aka gabatar a cikin gwajin matsakaici, sauran karshen an rufe; ƙwallon yana jujjuya sau da yawa, bawul ɗin yana cikin rufaffiyar yanayin, an buɗe ƙarshen rufe don dubawa, kuma ana duba aikin rufewar filler da gasket a lokaci guda, ba a ba da izinin yabo ba. Sa'an nan kuma an gabatar da matsakaicin gwaji daga ɗayan ƙarshen don maimaita gwajin.
(2) Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙimar Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwa yana cikin Rufewa, daga ƙarshen matsakaicin gwajin zuwa ƙimar da aka ƙayyade; Ana duba aikin rufewar ƙarshen gabatarwa ta hanyar ma'aunin matsa lamba, madaidaicin wanda shine 0.5-1, kuma ma'auni shine sau 1.6 na gwajin gwajin. A cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lokaci, babu wani abin mamaki na hypotension wanda ya cancanci; sannan ana gabatar da matsakaicin gwajin daga wancan gefen don maimaita gwajin da ke sama. Sa'an nan kuma, bawul ɗin yana cikin yanayin buɗewa, duka biyun an rufe su, kuma rami na ciki yana cike da matsakaici. A ƙarƙashin matsin gwajin, ya kamata a duba filler da gasket ba tare da yabo ba.
(3) Ya kamata a gwada bawul ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa uku don rufewa a kowane wuri.
4. Hanyar gwajin matsa lamba na Cock Valve
Lokacin da aka yi gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfin zakara, an gabatar da matsakaicin daga ƙarshen ɗaya, an rufe sauran hanyoyin, kuma ana juya matosai zuwa duk wuraren aiki bi da bi. Ba a sami yabo a jikin bawul ɗin da zai cancanta.
(2) A cikin gwajin hatimi, zakara madaidaiciya ya kamata ya ci gaba da matsa lamba a cikin rami daidai da abin da ke cikin tashar, juya filogi zuwa wurin da aka rufe, duba daga ɗayan ƙarshen, sannan juya filogi 180 digiri don maimaitawa. a sama gwajin; Wutar zakara ta hanyoyi uku ko hudu ya kamata ya kiyaye matsa lamba a cikin rami daidai da wancan a ƙarshen tashar, kuma juya filogi zuwa wurin da aka rufe bi da bi. Ana gabatar da matsa lamba daga kusurwar dama kuma an duba shi a lokaci guda daga ɗayan ƙarshen.
An ba da izinin sanya man mai na bakin ciki na bakin ciki wanda ba acid ba a kan wurin rufewa a gaban benci na gwajin bawul ɗin zakara. Ba a sami ɗigogi da ɗigon ruwa ba a cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin. Lokacin gwaji na bawul ɗin zakara na iya zama ya fi guntu. Gabaɗaya, diamita mara kyau shine mintuna 1-3.
Za a gwada bawul ɗin zakara don iskar gas don matsananciyar iska a matsin aiki na sau 1.25.
5. Hanyar Gwajin Matsi na Butterfly Valve
Gwajin ƙarfi na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na pneumatic iri ɗaya ne da na bawul ɗin globe. Gwajin aikin rufewa na bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido ya kamata ya gabatar da matsakaicin gwajin daga ƙarshen matsakaicin matsakaici, ya kamata a buɗe farantin malam buɗe ido, ɗayan ƙarshen yakamata a rufe, kuma matsa lamba na allura yakamata ya kai ƙimar da aka tsara; bayan an duba filler da sauran hatimi ba tare da yabo ba, sai a rufe farantin malam buɗe ido, a buɗe ɗayan ƙarshen, sannan a duba hatimin farantin malam buɗe ido don ya cancanta ba tare da yabo ba. Ba za a iya gwada bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido da ake amfani da su don daidaita kwarara don aikin rufewa ba.
6. Hanyar Gwajin Matsi na Diaphragm Valve
Gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfin bawul ɗin diaphragm yana gabatar da matsakaici daga kowane ƙarshen, buɗe diski, kuma yana rufe ɗayan ƙarshen. Lokacin da gwajin gwajin ya tashi zuwa ƙayyadadden ƙimar, jikin bawul da murfin za su cancanci ba tare da yabo ba. Sa'an nan kuma an saukar da matsa lamba zuwa matsi na gwajin hatimi, an rufe diski na bawul, an buɗe sauran ƙarshen don dubawa, kuma babu yabo da ya cancanta.
7. Hanyar gwajin matsa lamba na Duba Valve
Bincika matsayin gwajin bawul: ɗaga cak ɗin diski ɗin bawul ɗin yana tsaye daidai da matsayi na kwance; swing check valve axis da diski axis suna kusan layi daya da layin kwance.
A cikin gwajin ƙarfin, ana gabatar da matsakaicin gwajin daga ƙarshen mashigai zuwa ƙayyadaddun ƙimar, kuma an rufe ɗayan ƙarshen don ganin cewa bawul ɗin da murfin ya cancanta ba tare da yabo ba.
Gwajin hatimi yana gabatar da matsakaicin gwaji daga kanti, kuma yana duba saman rufewa a ƙarshen shigo da kaya. Babu yabo a cikin filler da gasket ya cancanta.
8. Hanyar Gwajin Matsi na Safety Valve
Gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfin bawul ɗin aminci, kamar sauran bawuloli, ana yin su da ruwa. Lokacin gwada ƙananan ɓangaren bawul ɗin, an gabatar da matsa lamba daga shigarwar I = I ƙare kuma an rufe murfin rufewa; lokacin da aka gwada ɓangaren sama na jikin bawul da murfin, an gabatar da matsa lamba daga tashar El end kuma an rufe sauran iyakar. Jikin bawul da murfin sun cancanta ba tare da yayyo ba cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin.
(2) Gwajin hatimi da gwajin matsa lamba akai-akai, gabaɗaya ta yin amfani da matsakaici: bawul ɗin amincin tururi cikakken tururi azaman matsakaicin gwaji; ammonia ko wasu bawul ɗin gas da aka yi amfani da iska azaman matsakaicin gwaji; ruwa da sauran bawuloli na ruwa marasa lalacewa sun yi amfani da ruwa azaman matsakaicin gwaji. Nitrogen yawanci ana amfani dashi azaman matsakaicin gwaji don bawuloli masu aminci a wasu mahimman wurare.
Ana yin gwajin hatimi tare da ƙimar matsa lamba na ƙima azaman gwajin gwaji, wanda ba zai yi ƙasa da sau biyu ba, kuma babu yabo a cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin da ya cancanta. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don gano ɗigon ruwa: ɗaya shine don rufe haɗin gwiwa na bawul ɗin aminci, da kuma rufe takarda na bakin ciki akan El flange tare da man shanu, wanda ke da ruwa kuma bai cancanta ba; ɗayan kuma shine a rufe farantin filastik na bakin ciki ko wani farantin da ke ƙasan flange ɗin fitarwa da man shanu, sannan a rufe diski ɗin bawul da ruwa, don tabbatar da cewa ruwan ba ya kumfa don cancanta. Bawul ɗin aminci akai-akai matsa lamba da lokutan gwaji na dawowa ba kasa da sau 3 ba, cika buƙatun masu cancanta.
Ana iya samun gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na gwajin bawul masu aminci a cikin GB/T 12242-1989 hanyar gwajin aikin bawul ɗin aminci.
9. Hanyar Gwajin Matsi na Rage Rage Matsi
(1) Gwajin ƙarfi na bawul ɗin taimako na matsin lamba yawanci ana haɗuwa bayan gwajin yanki ɗaya, kuma ana iya haɗa su bayan gwaji. Tsawon lokacin gwajin ƙarfin shine: lmin tare da DN 150 mm ya fi minti 3.
Bayan an yi amfani da bellows tare da abubuwan da aka gyara, ana yin gwajin ƙarfin ƙarfi tare da iska a matsakaicin matsa lamba na sau 1.5 na bawul ɗin taimako na matsa lamba.
(2) Za a gudanar da gwajin hatimi bisa ga ainihin matsakaicin aiki. Lokacin da aka gwada shi da iska ko ruwa, ana yin gwajin a sau 1.1 na matsa lamba na ƙididdiga, kuma lokacin da aka gwada shi da tururi, a matsakaicin matsi na aiki da aka yarda a zafin aiki. Bambanci tsakanin matsa lamba mai shiga da matsa lamba bai wuce 0.2 MPa ba. Hanyar gwajin ita ce kamar haka: bayan daidaitawar matsa lamba na shigarwa, gyaran gyare-gyare na bawul ɗin yana daidaitawa a hankali don matsa lamba na iya canzawa a hankali da ci gaba a cikin kewayon mafi girma da ƙananan, ba tare da tsayawa da toshewa ba. Don bawul ɗin taimako na tururi, lokacin da aka daidaita matsa lamba na shigarwa, matsa lamba na bawul ɗin kashewa shine mafi girma kuma mafi ƙasƙanci. A cikin minti 2, karuwar matsa lamba ya kamata ya kasance daidai da Table 4.176-22. A halin yanzu, ƙarar bututun da ke bayan bawul ɗin ya kamata ya cancanta azaman Tebur 4.18. Don bawuloli na ruwa da iska, lokacin da aka daidaita matsa lamba, matsa lamba ya kamata ya fita. Lokacin da matsa lamba na bango ya zama sifili, rufe bawul ɗin taimako na matsa lamba don gwajin hatimi, kuma babu ɗigo cikin mintuna 2 da ya cancanta.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba 19-2019
