Kuvomereza valavu yamapaipi, kuyesa kwapaipi, Kuyika ndi zinthu zomwe zikufunika kusamaliridwa Kodi valavu ya payipi ikayikidwa chiyani?

Kuvomereza valavu yamapaipi, kuyesa kwapaipi, Kuyika ndi zinthu zomwe zikufunika kusamaliridwa Kodi valavu ya payipi ikayikidwa chiyani?

M'makina apaipi amadzimadzi, ma valve ndi zinthu zowongolera zomwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupatula zida ndi mapaipi, kuwongolera kutuluka, kupewa kubwereranso, kuwongolera ndi kutulutsa kuthamanga. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulamulira otaya mpweya, madzi, nthunzi, mitundu yonse ya zowononga TV, matope, mafuta, madzi zitsulo ndi wailesi radioactive. Chifukwa njira yopangira mapaipi kusankha valavu yoyenera kwambiri ndiyofunika kwambiri, kotero, kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a valve ndi kusankha masitepe a valve ndi maziko kumakhala kofunikira.
Ma valve
M'makina apaipi amadzimadzi, ma valve ndi zinthu zowongolera zomwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupatula zida ndi mapaipi, kuwongolera kutuluka, kupewa kubwereranso, kuwongolera ndi kutulutsa kuthamanga. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulamulira otaya mpweya, madzi, nthunzi, mitundu yonse ya zowononga TV, matope, mafuta, madzi zitsulo ndi wailesi radioactive. Chifukwa njira yopangira mapaipi kusankha valavu yoyenera kwambiri ndiyofunika kwambiri, kotero, kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a valve ndi kusankha masitepe a valve ndi maziko kumakhala kofunikira.
Ntchito 4 za valve ya pipeline
Choyamba, kudula ndi kumasula sing'anga
Ichi ndi ntchito yofunikira ya valve, nthawi zambiri amasankha valve yowongoka, kuthamanga kwake kumakhala kochepa.
Valavu yotsekera pansi (valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi, valavu ya plunger) chifukwa cha njira yake yoyenda movutikira, kukana koyenda ndikwapamwamba kuposa ma valve ena, osasankhidwa pang'ono. Ma valve otsekedwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene kukana kwakukulu kumaloledwa.
Awiri, lamulirani kuyenda
Valavu yomwe imakhala yosavuta kusintha nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa kuti ilamulire kuyenda. Ma valve otsekera pansi (monga ma valve a GLOBE) NDI WOYENERA KUCHIFUKWA CHIFUKWA CHIFUKWA MPAndo waukulu ndi wofanana ndi STROKE YA SHUTOFF.
MAVAVU A Rotary (PLUG, butterfly, BALL valves) ndi FLEXURE BODY VALVES (PINCH, DIAPHRAGM) ALIPONSO KUTI THROTTLING CONTROL, koma KAWIRIKAWIRI PAMENE WOKHALA WA VAVU DIAMETERS.
Chipata VALVE NDI chipata chopangidwa ndi chimbale chopita ku doko la mpando wozungulira kuti muyende modutsa, pokhapokha pafupi ndi malo otsekedwa, amatha kuyendetsa bwino kutuluka, kotero nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa kayendedwe.
Chachitatu, kusintha kosintha
Vavu ikhoza kukhala ndi njira zitatu kapena kuposerapo, kutengera kufunikira kobwerera ndi kusuntha. Mavavu a pulagi ndi mpira ndi oyenera kwambiri pazifukwa izi, chifukwa chake, mavavu ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potembenuza ndi kupatutsa amasankhidwa ngati amodzi mwa ma valve awa.
Komabe, MWINA, MITUNDU ENA YA MAVAVU ANGAGWIRITSIDWENSO MONGA NTCHITO ZONSE ZOPHUNZITSA, NGATI MAVAVU AWIRI KAPENA AMBIRI AMALUMIKIZANA bwino.
4. Yapakatikati yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono
Pamene sing'anga ndi inaimitsidwa particles, ** oyenera ntchito kutseka mbali pamodzi kusindikiza pamwamba valavu kutsetsereka ndi kupukuta kanthu.
Ngati KUSIMIDWA KULI WOYIRIRA KUMUSYO NDI KUPITA KWA MPANDO, ZINTHU ZINTHU ZITHA KUKOLEDWA, CHOTI VALVU IYI NDI YOBWERA KWA MEDIA ZOYENEKEDWA KOPANDA CHIZINDIKIRO CHODINDIKIRA CHOLOLERA KUTI TITHU ZIZIGWIRITSA NTCHITO. Mavavu a mpira ndi mavavu a pulagi amapukuta kusindikiza pamwamba pakutsegula ndi kutseka, kotero ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazofalitsa ndi particles zoimitsidwa.
Valavu yapaipi ngati gawo lofunikira la dongosolo la ndondomeko. Kuyika kwa valavu yamapaipi kumatsimikizira kukwaniritsidwa kwabwino kwa ntchito zokhudzana ndi dongosolo la ndondomeko. Maulalo akulu akulu oyang'anira ake ndi awa:
1, kuyendera ma valve ndi kuvomereza
1.1 Kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a valve: palibe pores, trachoma, ming'alu ndi dzimbiri m'thupi la valve; Tsinde palibe kupinda, dzimbiri chodabwitsa, tsinde ulusi ndi yosalala, mwaukhondo popanda waya wosweka; Gland yozungulira bwino, yosinthika ya gudumu lamanja; Flange kusindikiza pamwamba popanda zokala, pockmarks, etc.; Kulumikizana kwa ulusi mumkhalidwe wabwino; Woyenerera kuwotcherera poyambira. Nambala yaying'ono ya vavu, kuthamanga ndi magawo ena amagwirizana ndi kapangidwe kake.
1.2 Kuwunika kwa zikalata: Zolemba makamaka zimaphatikizapo: dongosolo labwino, umboni wazinthu, zojambula zomwe zimamangidwa, zolemba zoyeserera, zolemba zokonza, zofunikira zosungira, ndi satifiketi yogwirizana. Mavavu osagwirizana ayenera kukhala ndi zikalata zongotulutsa zomwe sizigwirizana ndi zizindikiritso zomwe sizikugwirizana.
2. Zofunikira zosungira ndi kukonza ma valve
Sungani cholowera cha valve ndi chotuluka chotsekedwa ndikuyika desiccant, sinthani nthawi zonse molingana ndi malangizo a desiccant. Dziwani kutentha, chinyezi ndi zofunikira zachilengedwe zosungirako molingana ndi zikalata zokonza ma valve. Kwa mavavu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, samalani posankha zinthu zomata zomwe sizili za halogen. Mavavu ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusungidwa nthawi zonse posungira.
3, kuyesa kwa valve
Chifukwa valavu yachitidwa chipolopolo, mpando ndi kutseka kutsekereza kuyesa musanachoke ku fakitale, ingoyesani kutseka kwa valve pamalopo. Pakukula ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsimikiziro, muyezo wadziko lonse wa GB50184-2011 umafotokoza kuchuluka kwa mayeso okakamiza, miyezo yakunja ilibe zofunikira. Kawirikawiri mwiniwakeyo amatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi kuyang'anira khalidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika za siteji yopangira ma valve, ndipo valve yowonjezera iyenera kutsekedwa 100% m'munda.
3.1 Zofunikira zapakati pa mayeso: sing'anga yoyesera ma valve ndi madzi; Gwiritsani ntchito milingo yosiyanasiyana yamadzi molingana ndi ukhondo wa dongosolo; Komabe, pamene valavu yogwirira ntchito ndi gasi, sing'anga yoyesera imakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wouma wopanda mafuta kapena nayitrogeni, ndipo imatha kusinthidwanso ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi.
3.2 Kutsimikiza kwa kutsekeka kwa mayeso otseka: Zofunikira pakutseka kukakamiza kwa ma valve mu GB/T13927-2008 ndi ASME B16.34 ndi MSS-SP-61 ndizofanana. The HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURE NDI 1.1 TIMES RATED PRESSURE PA VALVE PRESSURE CLASS PA 100OF, KAPENA KUYESA KUPIRITSIDWA KWA PASPIKO 80psi M'malo mwake ANGAGWIRITSE NTCHITO. Pamene VALVE NAMEplate AMADZIWIKA NDI KUSINTHA KWAKULUKULU KWA NTCHITO KAPENA NTCHITO YOPHUNZITSIRA ya valavu si yoyenera kuyesedwa kwamphamvu yosindikizira, VUTO loyesa likhoza kuchitidwa molingana ndi nthawi za 1.1 za kusiyana kwakukulu kogwira ntchito komwe kumatchulidwa ndi chizindikiro cha valve.
3.3 Kuwunika kwa zotsatira za mayeso: Kufotokozera kwa mayeso otseka ma valve kumangofuna kuti mayesero apitirize kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri, ndipo palibe chofunikira chapadera kuti atseke mayeso osachepera mphindi 5 mu ntchito yeniyeni. Valavu yosindikizidwa ndi zinthu zosinthika sizikhala ndi kutayikira kowonekera ndipo palibe kutsika kwamphamvu kwa choyezera kuthamanga panthawi yogwira ntchito. PA MBALI ZA KAPANGIZO WA VALVI ZIMENE ZIMALOLERA KUTHA KUTHA, USSS Ikhoza KUYENZA CHINTHU KUTHA KUTHA PA NTHAWI YONSE KAPENA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO CHIWERERO CHA MATABVU KAPENA MZIMU WA MADZI MONGA ZIMENE ZIMAONETSERA MU MSS-SP-61 PRESSURE TEST. Kutayikira IS kumagwirizana ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina la valavu. Zofunikira pakutayikira mulingo wadziko ndizofanana ndi za American standard.
4. Kuyika vavu
4.1 Chidziwitso fufuzani musanayike: Tsimikizirani nambala pang'ono, nambala ya dongosolo, mtundu, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga ndi zina zomwe zili pa chinthucho molingana ndi chidziwitso cha valve muzojambula ndi zolemba zosintha za ***, ndikuwonetsetsa ngati malo oyikapo ndi zotsatirapo zake. malo okonzera ndi okwanira. Ntchito ya valve ikupezeka.
4.2 Chitetezo cha valve: Pazigawo zosatetezeka za valve, disassembly kapena chitetezo cholimba chikhoza kuchitidwa musanayike. Mapaipi NDI Zipangizo ZOYANG'ANIRA MAVAVU ZIYENERA KUCHAKIRITSIDWA M'TSOGOLO KUTI Atsimikizire UYERERO WAMKATI KUTI TIPEWE ZOTSATIRA M'MAPIPILI NDI ZIPANGIZO KUTI zisawononge malo osindikizira a valve.
4.3 Njira yoyika: Njira yoyendetsera yomwe imayikidwa pa thupi la valve iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake. Vavu yachitetezo iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika. Kwa valavu yokweza, ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa mu payipi yopingasa iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti valavu ya disc yowongoka; Kwa mavavu a swing cheki, sungani piniyo.
4.4 Kuyika ndi kulumikiza ma valve:
Mavavu a weld: ONANI kukula kwa valavu, tsimikizirani zida za valve, gwiritsani ntchito WPS yolondola. Kwa valavu yosindikizira yofewa, pamene kuwotcherera, imatha kuchotsa mphete yosindikiza pambuyo pa kuwotcherera, kuwotcherera kumatsirizidwa kuti akhazikitsenso mphete yosindikiza; Ikhozanso kuwongoleredwa ndi kutsegula kwa valve ndi kutentha kwa kuwotcherera malinga ndi zofuna za wopanga. Kwa mavavu AMAFUNA chithandizo cha kutentha musanayambe kapena mutatha kuwotcherera mapaipi a aloyi wandiweyani, tcherani khutu ku kutentha kovomerezeka kwa mbali zamkati za valve panthawi ya kutentha.
Valavu ya Flange: Onetsetsani kuti malo osindikizira a flange alibe chilema ndipo mawonekedwe osindikizira ndi kuthamanga kwa flange yolumikizira ayenera kukhala chimodzimodzi. Ndizoletsedwa kukakamiza gululo. Maboti amayenera kulowetsedwa momasuka, kumangirizidwa molingana ndi ma torque. Kwa mavavu otentha kwambiri opitilira 300, kutentha kumangitsa flange ndikunyamula ma bolts a gland pansi pakutentha.
Kulumikizana kwa ulusi: poganizira kuchotsedwa kwabwino, ndi bwino kukhazikitsa zolumikizira zosinthika kumapeto onse a valve, tcherani khutu pakusankhidwa kwa zida zomata ulusi, zamkuwa, makina achitsulo opangidwa ndi zitsulo zopanda zitsulo, ulusi sungathe kupindika nawonso. zolimba, kuti musawononge valavu.
5, zovuta za valve ndi njira zowongolera
Vuto lofala kwambiri pakuyika ma valve akumunda ndikutuluka kwa valve. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Kusayera bwino kwa mapaipi kumapangitsa kuti matupi akunja amamatire pamalo osindikizira a valve ndikuwononga malo osindikizira;
2, kuwotcherera kutentha kutentha ndi osauka, kuchititsa valavu chisindikizo kuwotcha mapindikidwe;
3. Pambuyo pomaliza kuyesa kwa hydraulic, valve sichitsukidwa ndi kuuma nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu iwonongeke;
4, valavu kulongedza chithokomiro bawuti si ananamizira;
5, valavu kunyamula chisindikizo kulephera kuwonongeka.
General malamulo unsembe
1. Kuyika kwa valve sikuyenera kusokoneza ntchito, kusokoneza ndi kukonza zida, payipi ndi thupi la valve palokha, poganizira maonekedwe a msonkhano.
2. Pa mavavu a mapaipi opingasa, ikani tsinde la valavu mmwamba kapena pa ngodya inayake, osayika gudumu lamanja pansi. Valavu, tsinde ndi handwheel pa chitoliro chapamwamba chapamwamba chikhoza kuikidwa molunjika, ndipo kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valve kungathe kuyendetsedwa patali ndi unyolo pamalo otsika otsika.
3. Dongosolo lofanana, lowoneka bwino komanso lokongola; Valavu yomwe ili pamtunda, pansi pa malo olola kuti ndondomekoyi, valavu ya valve ifike pachifuwa kutalika ** ntchito yoyenera, nthawi zambiri 1.0-1.2m kuchokera pansi ndiyoyenera, ndipo tsinde la valve liyenera kuikidwa pambali pa woyendetsa.
4. Kukwera kwa mzere wapakati wa ma valve okwera mbali ndi mbali kumakhala kofanana, ndipo mtunda wa ukonde pakati pa magudumu a m'manja si osachepera 100mm; Mavavu a mizere yopingasa mbali ndi mbali ayenera kugwedezeka kuti achepetse kusiyana kwa mapaipi.
5. Mukayika ma valve olemera pa mapampu a madzi, osinthanitsa kutentha ndi zipangizo zina, zothandizira ma valve ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa; Pamene valavu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndikuyika pamwamba pa 1.8m kuchokera kumalo ogwiritsira ntchito, malo ogwiritsira ntchito okhazikika ayenera kuperekedwa.
6. Ngati pali muvi pa thupi la valavu, nsonga ya muvi ndi njira yopita kwa sing'anga. Mukayika valavu, samalani kuti muviwo uloze mbali imodzi ndi sing'anga yomwe ili mupaipi.
7. Mukayika ma valve a flange, onetsetsani kuti nkhope ziwiri za flange ndizofanana komanso zokhazikika, ndipo musagwiritse ntchito ma gaskets awiri.
8. Mukayika ma valve opangidwa ndi ulusi, valavu yokhala ndi ulusi iyenera kukhala ndi kugwirizana kwamoyo kuti iwonongeke mosavuta. Kukhazikitsa kwa kugwirizana kwamoyo kuyenera kuganizira za kuwongolera, nthawi zambiri madzi amayenda kudzera mu valve ndiyeno kudzera pa kugwirizana kwamoyo.