Njira Yoyesera Kupanikizika Kwa Ma Vavu Amitundu Yosiyanasiyana
Kawirikawiri, ma valve a mafakitale sayesedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu, koma atatha kukonza, thupi ndi bonnet kapena dzimbiri zowonongeka thupi ndi bonnet ziyenera kuyesedwa mphamvu. Kwa ma valve otetezera, kupanikizika kwawo kosalekeza ndi kubwerera kwawo ndi mayesero ena ayenera kutsata zomwe akufunikira komanso malamulo oyenera. Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa ma valve ndi kuyesa kusindikiza valavu kuyenera kuchitidwa pa benchi yoyesa ma valve hydraulic musanayike ma valve. Ma valve otsika amayenera kuyang'aniridwa 20% mwachisawawa, 100% ndi osayenerera, ndi 100% ndi ma valve apakatikati ndi apamwamba. Madzi, mafuta, mpweya, nthunzi, nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuthamanga kwa valve. Njira zoyezera kuthamanga kwa ma valve osiyanasiyana ogulitsa mafakitale okhala ndi ma valve pneumatic ndi motere:
1. Njira Yoyesera Kupanikizika kwa Globe Valve ndi Throttle Valve
Mayesero amphamvu a globe ndi throttle valves nthawi zambiri amayika ma valve osonkhanitsidwa pamalo oyesera kukakamiza, kutsegula chimbale, kubaya sing'anga mpaka mtengo womwe watchulidwa, ndikuwona ngati thupi ndi chivundikiro zikutuluka thukuta komanso kutuluka. Mayeso a mphamvu amathanso kuchitidwa pa chidutswa chimodzi. Kuyesa kusindikiza kumangochitika pama valve a globe. Pakuyesedwa, tsinde la valve ya globe ili pamtunda, diski imatsegulidwa, sing'anga imayambitsidwa kuchokera pansi pa diski kupita ku mtengo wotchulidwa, ndipo zodzaza ndi gasket zimafufuzidwa. Akayenerera, diski imatsekedwa ndipo mapeto ena amatsegulidwa kuti awone ngati pali kutayikira. Ngati kuyesedwa kwa mphamvu ndi kusindikiza kwa valavu kumayenera kuchitidwa, kuyesa mphamvu kungathe kuchitidwa poyamba, ndiye kuti kupanikizika kungathe kuchepetsedwa ku mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa mayeso osindikizira kuti ayang'ane zodzaza ndi gasket, ndiyeno kutseka valve disc ndi tsegulani potulukira kuti muwone ngati malo osindikizira akutuluka.
2. Njira Yoyesera Yopanikizika ya Chipata Chovala
Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa valve yachipata ndi yofanana ndi ya valve ya globe. Pali njira ziwiri zosindikizira mayeso a valve pachipata.
(1) Chipata chimatsegulidwa kuti chikweze kupanikizika mu valve ku mtengo wotchulidwa; ndiye kutseka chipata ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuchotsa valavu pachipata. Yang'anani ngati pali kutayikira pa malo osindikizira kumbali zonse za chipata kapena jekeseni sing'anga yoyesera molunjika mu pulagi pachivundikirocho ku mtengo wotchulidwa, ndipo yang'anani malo osindikizira kumbali zonse za chipata. Njira yomwe ili pamwambayi imatchedwa kuyesa kwapakati papakati. Njirayi si yoyenera kusindikiza mayeso a mavavu a pachipata ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina zosakwana DN32mm.
Njira ina ndiyo kutsegula chipata kotero kuti kupanikizika kwa valavu kumakwera pamtengo wotchulidwa; kenako tsekani chipata ndikutsegula mbali imodzi ya mbale yakhungu kuti muwone ngati malo osindikizira akutuluka. Tembenuzani mutu wanu ndikubwereza mayesero omwe ali pamwambawa mpaka mutakhala oyenerera.
Kuyesa kusindikiza kwa filler ndi gasket ya valavu ya pneumatic gate iyenera kuchitidwa chisanachitike mayeso osindikiza pachipata.
3. Njira Yoyesera Yopanikizika ya Mpira Valve
Mayeso amphamvu a valavu ya mpira wa pneumatic ayenera kuchitika mu gawo lotseguka la gawo la mpira.
(1) Kuyesa kusindikiza kwa valavu yoyandama ya mpira: valavu ili pamalo otseguka, mapeto amodzi amalowetsedwa mu sing'anga yoyesera, mapeto ena amatsekedwa; mpira umazunguliridwa kangapo, valavu imakhala yotsekedwa, mapeto otsekedwa amatsegulidwa kuti ayang'ane, ndipo kusindikiza kusindikiza kwa filler ndi gasket kumafufuzidwa nthawi yomweyo, palibe kutayikira komwe kumaloledwa. Ndiye njira yoyesera imayambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto ena kuti abwereze kuyesa.
(2) Kuyesa kusindikiza kwa valve yokhazikika ya mpira: musanayambe kuyesedwa, mpirawo umazungulira kangapo popanda katundu, ndipo valve yokhazikika ya mpira imakhala yotsekedwa, kuchokera kumapeto kwa njira yoyesera mpaka mtengo wotchulidwa; ntchito yosindikiza ya mapeto oyambirira imawunikidwa ndi kupima kuthamanga, kulondola kwake ndi giredi 0.5-1, ndipo muyeso woyezera ndi nthawi 1.6 za kukakamizidwa kwa mayeso. Mkati mwa malire a nthawi, palibe chodabwitsa cha hypotension chomwe chili choyenera; ndiye njira yoyesera imayambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwina kubwereza mayeso omwe ali pamwambapa. Kenako, valavu ili mu gawo lotseguka, malekezero onse atsekedwa, ndipo mkati mwa mkati mwadzaza ndi sing'anga. Pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwa mayeso, filler ndi gasket ziyenera kufufuzidwa popanda kutayikira.
(3) Ma valve a mpira wanjira zitatu ayenera kuyesedwa kuti asindikize pamalo onse.
4. Njira Yoyesera Yopanikizika ya Cock Valve
Pamene kuyesa mphamvu ya valavu ya tambala ikuchitika, sing'anga imayambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto, njira zina zimatsekedwa, ndipo mapulagi amazungulira kumalo onse ogwira ntchito. Palibe kutayikira komwe kumapezeka mu thupi la valve kuti mukhale woyenera.
(2) Poyesa kusindikiza, tambala wowongoka amayenera kusunga kupanikizika kwapabowo kofanana ndi komwe kuli mumsewu, kutembenuza pulagi kumalo otsekedwa, kuyang'ana kuchokera kumbali ina, ndiyeno kutembenuza pulagi 180 madigiri kubwereza. pamwamba mayeso; valavu ya tambala ya njira zitatu kapena zinayi iyenera kusunga kupanikizika mu khola lofanana ndi kumapeto kwa njirayo, ndikuzungulira pulagi kumalo otsekedwa. Kupanikizika kumayambitsidwa kuchokera kumbali yoyenera ndikufufuzidwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kumapeto kwina.
Mafuta owonda opaka mafuta osakhala ndi asidi amaloledwa kuti azikutidwa pamalo osindikizira kutsogolo kwa benchi yoyesera valavu ya tambala. Palibe kutayikira ndi kukulitsa madontho amadzi omwe amapezeka mkati mwa nthawi yodziwika. Nthawi yoyesera ya valavu ya tambala ikhoza kukhala yayifupi. Nthawi zambiri, m'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi 1-3 mphindi.
Vavu ya tambala ya gasi iyenera kuyesedwa kuti ikhale yolimba pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi 1.25.
5. Njira Yoyeserera ya Gulugufe
Mayesero amphamvu a valavu ya butterfly ya pneumatic ndi yofanana ndi ya valve ya globe. Mayeso osindikizira a gulugufe ayenera kuwonetsa sing'anga yoyesera kuyambira kumapeto kwa kayendedwe ka sing'anga, mbale ya butterfly iyenera kutsegulidwa, mapeto enawo ayenera kutsekedwa, ndipo jekeseni ya jekeseni iyenera kufika pamtengo wotchulidwa; mutayang'ana zodzaza ndi zisindikizo zina popanda kutayikira, mbale ya butterfly iyenera kutsekedwa, mapeto ena ayenera kutsegulidwa, ndipo chisindikizo cha gulugufe chiyenera kufufuzidwa kuti chikhale choyenera popanda kutayikira. Mavavu agulugufe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera kuyenda sangayesedwe kuti asindikize.
6. Njira Yoyesera Yopanikizika ya Diaphragm Valve
Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa valve ya diaphragm kumayambitsa sing'anga kuchokera kumapeto, kumatsegula diski, ndikutseka mbali inayo. Pamene kukakamizidwa kwa mayeso kumakwera pamtengo wotchulidwa, thupi la valve ndi chivundikirocho chidzayenerera popanda kutayikira. Kenako kupanikizika kumatsitsidwa ku kukakamiza kwa mayeso osindikiza, diski ya valve imatsekedwa, mapeto ena amatsegulidwa kuti awonedwe, ndipo palibe kutayikira komwe kuli koyenerera.
7. Njira Yoyezetsa Kupanikizika ya Check Valve
Yang'anani mawonekedwe a ma valve: kukweza valavu valavu disc axis ndi perpendicular malo yopingasa; swing check valve channel axis ndi disc axis pafupifupi kufanana ndi mzere wopingasa.
Mu kuyesa kwa mphamvu, sing'anga yoyesera imayambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa cholowera kupita ku mtengo wotchulidwa, ndipo mapeto ena amatsekedwa kuti awone kuti thupi la valve ndi chivundikiro ndi oyenerera popanda kutayikira.
Kuyesa kwa Sealability kumayambitsa njira yoyesera kuchokera kotulukira, ndikuyang'ana malo osindikizira pamapeto pake. Palibe kutayikira pa filler ndi gasket ndikoyenera.
8. Njira Yoyezetsa Kupanikizika kwa Vavu Yotetezera
Kuyesera kwamphamvu kwa valve yotetezera, monga ma valve ena, kumachitika ndi madzi. Poyesa gawo lapansi la thupi la valve, kupanikizika kumayambitsidwa kuchokera ku inlet I = Ndikutha ndipo malo osindikizira amatsekedwa; poyesa gawo lapamwamba la thupi la valve ndi chivundikirocho, kupanikizika kumayambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa El kumapeto ndipo mapeto ena amatsekedwa. Thupi la valve ndi chivundikiro ndi oyenerera popanda kutayikira mkati mwa nthawi yotchulidwa.
(2) Kusindikiza kusindikiza ndi kuyesa kuthamanga kosalekeza, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito sing'anga: valavu yotetezera nthunzi yodzaza nthunzi ngati sing'anga yoyesera; ammonia kapena ma valve ena a gasi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mpweya ngati sing'anga yoyesera; madzi ndi mavavu ena osawononga amadzimadzi amagwiritsa ntchito madzi ngati sing'anga yoyesera. Nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yoyesera mavavu otetezedwa m'malo ena ofunikira.
Mayeso osindikizira amachitidwa ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali ngati kuthamanga kwa mayeso, kutsatiridwa ndi zosachepera kawiri, ndipo palibe kutayikira mkati mwa nthawi yodziwika yomwe ikuyenera. Pali njira ziwiri zodziwira kutayikira: imodzi ndiyo kusindikiza mgwirizano wa valve yotetezera, ndikusindikiza pepala lopyapyala pa El flange ndi batala, lomwe liri lotayirira komanso losayenerera; chinacho ndikusindikiza mbale ya pulasitiki yopyapyala kapena mbale ina yomwe ili m'munsi mwa flange yotumiza kunja ndi batala, ndikusindikiza chimbale cha valve ndi madzi, kuti muwone ngati madzi sakuphulika kuti ayenerere. Kuthamanga kwa valve yachitetezo nthawi zonse ndi nthawi zoyeserera zobwereza zosachepera 3 nthawi, zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za oyenerera.
Mayesero osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito ma valve otetezera angapezeke mu GB/T 12242-1989 njira yoyesera yachitetezo cha valve.
9. Njira Yoyesera Kupanikizika kwa Valve Yochepetsera Kupanikizika
(1) Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa ma valve ochepetsa kupanikizika nthawi zambiri kumasonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pa mayeso a chidutswa chimodzi, ndipo amathanso kusonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pa mayeso. Kutalika kwa kuyesa mphamvu kunali: lmin ndi DN 150 mm anali oposa 3 mphindi.
Pambuyo powotcherera ndi zigawozo, kuyesa mphamvu kumachitika ndi mpweya pampando waukulu wa 1.5 nthawi ya valve yothandizira.
(2) Kuyesa kusindikiza kudzachitidwa molingana ndi njira yeniyeni yogwirira ntchito. Mukayesedwa ndi mpweya kapena madzi, kuyezetsa kumachitika nthawi 1.1 kukakamiza mwadzina, ndipo poyesedwa ndi nthunzi, pamlingo wovomerezeka wovomerezeka pakutentha kogwira ntchito. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa kukakamiza kolowera ndi kutulutsa kotulutsa sikuchepera 0.2 MPa. Njira yoyesera ili motere: mutatha kusintha kukakamiza kolowera, chowongolera chowongolera cha valavu chimasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti chiwongolero chotuluka chisinthe mozama komanso mosalekeza pamlingo waukulu komanso wocheperako, popanda kuyimirira ndi kutsekeka. Kwa ma valve opumulira nthunzi, pamene kulowetsedwa kwa inlet kusinthidwa, kuthamanga kwa valve yotsekera ndikokwera kwambiri komanso kotsika kwambiri. Pakadutsa mphindi 2, kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa kotulutsa kuyenera kukhala molingana ndi Table 4.176-22. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa payipi kuseri kwa valve kuyenera kukhala koyenera ngati Table 4.18. Kwa ma valve opumulira madzi ndi mpweya, mphamvu yolowera ikasinthidwa, mphamvu yotuluka iyenera kukhala kunja. Kuthamanga kwa orifice kukakhala ziro, tsekani valavu yopumira poyesa kusindikiza, ndipo palibe kutayikira mkati mwa mphindi ziwiri ndikoyenera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-19-2019
