Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za 26 zoyika ma valve, ma taboo akuluakulu 14 a ubwino woyika ma valve wamba ndi kuipa koyambitsa
Pomanga, ubwino wa kuika vavu zimakhudza mwachindunji ntchito yachibadwa m'tsogolomu, choncho tiyenera kumvetsera. Ndiye mumayika bwanji vavu? Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoyika ma valve ndi chiyani? Kodi zoletsedwa ndi zodzitetezera ndi ziti?
5 mfundo zazikulu za kukhazikitsa ma valve
1 Direction ndi malo
Ma valve ambiri ndi olunjika
Mwachitsanzo, valavu ya globe, valve throttle valve, valve reduction valve, valve valve, etc., ngati itayikidwa kumbuyo, idzakhudza momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito ndi moyo (monga throttle valve), kapena sizigwira ntchito konse (monga kuchepetsa kupanikizika. valavu), ndipo ngakhale kuyambitsa ngozi (monga valavu cheke). Mavavu ambiri okhala ndi zolembera pathupi. Ngati sichoncho, chiyenera kudziwika bwino molingana ndi mfundo ya ntchito ya valve.
Chipinda cha valve kuzungulira valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi asymmetrical, madzimadzi kuti alole kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba kudzera pa doko la valve, kotero kuti kukana kwamadzimadzi kumakhala kochepa (kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe), kupulumutsa ntchito yotseguka (chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwapakati) , kutsekedwa pambuyo pa kulongedza kwapakatikati, kosavuta kukonzanso, chifukwa chake valavu ya globe singathe kukhazikitsa chowonadi. Ma valve ena ali ndi makhalidwe awoawo.
Malo oyika ma valve ayenera kukhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito
Ngakhale kukhazikitsa kuli kovuta kwakanthawi, ndikofunikira kuganizira ntchito yayitali ya wogwiritsa ntchitoyo. Kuwongolera bwino kwa valavu ndi kuyika pachifuwa (nthawi zambiri 1.2 mita kuchokera pamalo opangira), kotero kuti kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu kumakhala kovuta. Wwalo lamanja la valve pansi liyenera kuyang'ana mmwamba osati kupendekeka kuti zisagwire ntchito movutikira. Vavu ya makina apakhoma imadalira zida, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayeneranso kusiyidwa poyimirira.
Kupewa ntchito ya thambo, makamaka asidi ndi zamchere, poizoni TV, apo ayi si otetezeka.
Chipata sayenera inverted (ndiko, handwheel ndi pansi), apo ayi sing'anga adzakhala anakhalabe mu chivundikiro danga kwa nthawi yaitali, zosavuta dzimbiri tsinde, ndi zina ndondomeko zofunika taboo. Ndizovuta kwambiri kusintha kulongedza nthawi yomweyo. Tsegulani STEM GATE VALVES, OSATIKIKA mobisa, apo ayi chifukwa cha dzimbiri lachinyezi la tsinde lowonekera.
Kwezani valavu cheke, unsembe kuonetsetsa kuti valavu chimbale ofukula, kuti Nyamulani kusintha. Swing cheke valavu, pamene anaika kuonetsetsa kuti pini mlingo, kuti kugwedezeka kusinthasintha. Valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika pa chitoliro chopingasa, ndipo sichimapendekera mbali iliyonse.
2 Ntchito Yomanga
Kuyika ndi kumanga kuyenera kusamala, musamenye valavu yopangidwa ndi zinthu zowonongeka.
Pamaso unsembe
Mitundu yonse ya ma valve ndi mafotokozedwe ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe.
(Onani ngati AMAGWIRITSIDWA NTCHITO PAMENE ZOFUNIKA molingana ndi chitsanzo cha valve ndi malangizo a fakitale, ndikuyesa madzi kapena mpweya ngati kuli kofunikira.)
Kuonjezera apo, ziyenera kufufuzidwanso ngati kulongedzako kuli bwino, ngati bolt ya gland ili ndi ndalama zokwanira zosinthira, ndikuyang'ana ngati tsinde ndi disc ndizomveka, ngati pali chokhazikika ndi chododometsa.
Malo osindikizira a disc valve ayenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo khalidwe la ulusi liyenera kufufuzidwa kuti likhale ndi ma valve opangidwa ndi ulusi. Mavavu osayenerera SADZAIWIKIDWA ndipo adzaikidwa pawokha kapena kulembedwa chizindikiro.
Zinyalala mu valavu.
The unsembe ndondomeko
POKWULA VALVI, CHINONGA CHISAKWERENGE KUMWANJA KAPENA KUTI MTIMA KUTI PEWE KUZIPWIRITSA NTCHITO ZIMENEZI. Iyenera kumangirizidwa ku flange.
Mzere womwe valavu imalumikizidwa iyenera kutsukidwa.
Mpweya wothinikizidwa ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwomba ma filings a iron oxide, mchenga, kuwotcherera slag ndi ma sundries ena. Zinyalala izi, osati zosavuta kukanda kusindikiza pamwamba pa valavu, particles lalikulu la zinyalala (monga kuwotcherera slag), komanso akhoza kuletsa valavu yaing'ono, kuti kulephera kwake.
Mukamayika VALVE YA SCREW, KUSINTHA KUSINTHA (WAWA NDI mafuta a aluminiyamu KAPENA PTFE RAW material lamba) ayenera kukulungidwa pa ulusi wa chitoliro, osalowa mu valavu, kuti mupewe voliyumu ya kukumbukira valavu, zimakhudza kuyenda kwapakati.
Mukayika ma valve a flange, tcherani khutu kulimbitsa ma bolts molingana komanso molingana. Chovala cha valve ndi chitoliro cha chitoliro chiyenera kukhala chofanana, chilolezocho ndi choyenera, kuti valavu ipange kupanikizika kwakukulu, ngakhale kusweka. Kwa zida zowonongeka komanso osati mphamvu zambiri za valve, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa. Vavu kuti welded ndi chitoliro adzakhala malo welded poyamba, ndiye chatsekedwa gawo adzatsegulidwa kwathunthu, ndiyeno welded akufa.
3 Njira Zotetezera
Ma valve ena ayeneranso kukhala ndi chitetezo chakunja, chomwe ndi kuteteza kutentha ndi kuzizira. Choyikapo chotchinga nthawi zina chimasakanizidwa ndi mizere yotentha ya nthunzi. Ndi valavu yamtundu wanji yomwe iyenera kukhala kutentha kapena kuzizira, malinga ndi zofunikira zopanga.
Mfundo, kumene sing'anga valavu kuchepetsa kutentha kwambiri, zidzakhudza kupanga dzuwa kapena valavu mazira, muyenera kutentha, ngakhale kusakaniza kutentha; Kumene valavu ilibe, yotsutsa kupanga kapena kuyambitsa chisanu ndi zochitika zina zovuta, muyenera kukhala ozizira. Zida zotetezera ndi asibesitosi, ubweya wa slag, ubweya wagalasi, perlite, diatomite, vermiculite, etc.; Zida zoziziritsa kukhosi, perlite, thovu, pulasitiki ndi zina zotero.
4 Bypass ndi mita
Ma valve ena, kuwonjezera pa malo otetezera ofunikira, amakhalanso ndi bypass ndi zida. Njira yodutsa imayikidwa. Zosavuta kukonza msampha. Mavavu ena, nawonso anaika bypass. Kuyika kwa bypass kumadalira momwe ma valve alili, kufunikira kwake, ndi zofunikira pakupanga.
5 Kulongedza katundu
Valve yamagetsi, kulongedza kwina sikunakhale kwabwino, ndipo zina sizigwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito media, zomwe zimafunikira m'malo mwake.
Vavu fakitale sangathe kuganizira ntchito masauzande a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya TV, kulongedza bokosi nthawi zonse wodzazidwa ndi mizu wamba, koma pamene ntchito, ayenera kulola kulongedza katundu mu sing'anga kuti azolowere.
Mukasintha kulongedza, kanikizani mozungulira mozungulira. Msoko uliwonse wa mphete mpaka madigiri 45 ndi woyenera, mphete ndi mphete yotsegula madigiri 180. Kutalika kwapang'onopang'ono kuyenera kuganizira njira yoti chithokomiro chipitirire kukanikiza, ndipo tsopano ndikofunikira kuti gawo lakumunsi la gland likanikizire chipinda chonyamulira ndikuya koyenera, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatha kukhala 10-20% ya kuya kwathunthu. chipinda chonyamulira. Kwa mavavu ofunikira, Angle yolumikizana ndi madigiri 30. Msoko pakati pa mphete ndi mphete umagwedezeka madigiri 120.
Kuwonjezera pa kulongedza katundu, komanso malinga ndi mmene zinthu zilili, ntchito mphira O-mphete (achilengedwe mphira kugonjetsedwa ndi 60 digiri Celsius ofooka alkali, butadiene mphira kugonjetsedwa ndi 80 digiri Celsius mafuta kristalo, Fluorine mphira kugonjetsedwa ndi zosiyanasiyana dzimbiri. TV pansi pa 150 digiri Celsius) mphete zitatu zosanjikizana za polytetrafluoron (zosamva zowononga zowononga zosakwana madigiri 200 Celsius) mphete ya nayiloni (yosamva 120 digiri Celsius ammonia, alkali) ndi zodzaza zina.
Wosanjikiza wa TEflon yaiwisi yaiwisi tepi amatha kusintha kusindikiza ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa electrochemical kwa tsinde la valve. Mukakanikiza zokometsera, tembenuzirani tsinde nthawi yomweyo kuti likhale lozungulira mozungulira, ndikupewa kufa kwambiri, kumangitsa chithokomiro kuti chikakamize mofanana, osapendekeka.
Kuyika mavavu 14 zoletsedwa zazikulu
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Contraindications: Zipangizo zazikulu, zida ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zilibe zikalata zoyezera luso laukadaulo kapena ziphaso zoyenererana ndi zomwe zikuchitika mdziko kapena unduna.
Zotsatira zake: khalidwe la polojekitiyi silili oyenerera, pali ngozi zobisika, sizingaperekedwe pa nthawi, ziyenera kukonzedwanso kukonzanso; Zimayambitsa kuchedwa kwa projekiti, kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera.
Miyezo: zida zazikulu, zida ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi ndi ngalande ndi uinjiniya wotenthetsera ndi ukhondo zikuyenera kukwaniritsa zomwe boma limapereka kapena unduna wa zikalata zowunika zaukadaulo kapena satifiketi yoyenereza zinthu; Dzina la malonda, chitsanzo, mafotokozedwe, mtundu wamtundu wamtundu wa dziko, tsiku loperekera, dzina ndi malo omwe amapanga, satifiketi yoyendera kapena kachidindo kamene kaperekedwe kayenera kuwonetsedwa.
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Musati: Kuyika ma valve musanayambe kuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe loyenera malinga ndi malamulo.
Zotsatira: makina opangira ma valve switch siwosinthika, amatseka momasuka komanso kutayikira kwamadzi (nthunzi), zomwe zimapangitsa kukonzanso, komanso kukhudza madzi abwinobwino (nthunzi).
Muyeso: Vavu iyenera kuyesedwa kuti ikhale yamphamvu komanso yolimba musanayike. Chiyesocho chidzasankha 10% ya kuchuluka kwa batchi iliyonse (mtundu womwewo, mawonekedwe omwewo, mtundu womwewo), osachepera imodzi. Kwa valavu yotsekedwa yotsekedwa yomwe imayikidwa pa chitoliro chachikulu kuti iwononge ntchitoyo, iyenera kukhala imodzi ndi imodzi kuti iyese mphamvu ndi zolimba. Mphamvu ya VALVE ndi kulimba koyezetsa kudzagwirizana ndi "Construction Quality Acceptance Code for Building Water Supply, drainage and Heating Engineering" (GB 50242-2002).
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Taboo: Kuyika ma valve, zitsanzo sizimakwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwadzina kwa valve kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi kuyesa kwa dongosolo; Pamene m'mimba mwake wa chitoliro cha nthambi ya madzi odyetsa ndi ochepera kapena ofanana ndi 50mm, valve yachipata imagwiritsidwa ntchito; Kutentha kwamadzi otentha kouma, chitoliro choyima pogwiritsa ntchito valve yoyimitsa; Chitoliro choyamwa cha pampu yamoto chimagwiritsa ntchito valavu ya butterfly.
Zotsatira: Kukhudza valavu yachibadwa kutsegula ndi kutseka ndikusintha kukana, kupanikizika ndi ntchito zina. Ngakhale chifukwa ntchito dongosolo, valavu kuwonongeka anakakamizika kukonza.
Miyezo: Kudziwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavavu, malinga ndi zofunikira pakupanga kusankha ma valve ndi zitsanzo. Kuthamanga mwadzina kwa valve kudzakwaniritsa zofunikira za kupanikizika kwa dongosolo la kuyesa. Malinga ndi zofunika za malamulo zomangamanga: madzi chitoliro m'mimba mwake zosakwana 50mm ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito valavu odulidwa; Mavavu a pachipata ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitoliro cha chitoliro ndi chachikulu kuposa 50mm.
Kutentha kwamadzi otentha kowuma, valavu yowongolera iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yachipata, chitoliro choyamwa chamoto sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito valavu ya butterfly.
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Musati: Njira yoyika mavavu ndiyolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi kapena cheke chamadzi a valve (mpweya) wowongolera ndi wosiyana ndi chizindikiro, tsinde limayikidwa pansi, kuyika kopingasa kwa valavu ya cheke kumayikidwa molunjika, valavu ya chipata cha ndodo kapena chogwirira cha butterfly sichitsegulidwa kapena malo otsekedwa, tsinde la valve silikuyang'anizana ndi chitseko choyendera.
Zotsatira: kulephera kwa ma valve, zovuta zosinthira kusintha, kutsika kwa valve nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kutsika kwamadzi.
Miyezo: Ikani valavu mosamalitsa molingana ndi malangizo oyika valavu, siyani tsinde la valavu kuti muwonjeze kutalika kwa kutsegulira, valavu yagulugufe ganizirani mozungulira danga la chogwirira, mitundu yonse ya tsinde la valve silingakhale yotsika kuposa malo opingasa. yekha pansi. Valavu yobisika osati kungokhazikitsa kuti ikwaniritse kutsegulira kwa valve ndi kutseka zosowa za chitseko choyendera, panthawi imodzimodziyo tsinde la valve liyenera kuyang'ana pakhomo loyendera.
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Taboo: valavu ya butterfly yokhala ndi flange wamba.
Zotsatira: gulugufe valavu flange ndi wamba valavu flange kukula ndi osiyana, ena flange awiri ndi yaing'ono, ndi gulugufe valavu chimbale chachikulu, chifukwa sangathe anatsegula kapena zovuta kutsegula valavu kuwonongeka.
Miyeso: malinga ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa gulugufe valavu flange flange processing flange.
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Taboo: palibe mabowo osungidwa ndi magawo ophatikizidwa pomanga nyumba yomanga, kapena kukula kwa mabowo osungidwa ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo magawo ophatikizidwawo sanalembedwe.
Zotsatira: Kumanga kwa projekiti ya WARM yaukhondo, kusankha kamangidwe ka chisel, ngakhale kudula kulimbitsa mtima, kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito achitetezo.
Miyezo: Dziwani bwino zojambula zomangira zaumisiri wotenthetsera ndi ukhondo mosamala, ndipo mugwirizane mwachangu ndi ntchito yomanga nyumbayo kuti musungire mabowo ndi magawo ophatikizidwa malinga ndi zosowa zamapaipi ndi zopachika zothandizira, potengera zofunikira ndi kapangidwe kake. zomangamanga.
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Zotsutsana: Pamene kuwotcherera chitoliro, mapeto olakwika a chitoliro pambuyo pa awiriwo sali pamtunda womwewo wa Central Line, palibe kusiyana pakati pa awiriwo, chitoliro cha khoma lakuda sichikuponyedwa, ndipo m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa weld sizichita. kukwaniritsa zofunikira za code yomanga.
Zotsatira zake: Kumapeto kolakwika kwa chitoliro sikuli pakati pa mzere kumakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa kuwotcherera ndi maonekedwe abwino. Palibe kusiyana pakati pa mbali ziwiri, chitoliro cha khoma lakuda sichimafosholo, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa weld sikukwaniritsa zofunikira za mphamvu zowotcherera.
Miyeso: Pambuyo kuwotcherera awiri chitoliro, chitoliro sayenera kulakwitsa, ayenera kukhala pa Central Line, kusiyana ayenera kusiyidwa pa awiriwo, wandiweyani khoma chitoliro ayenera fosholo poyambira, kuwonjezera, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa weld msoko. ziyenera kuwotcherera malinga ndi zofunikira.
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Taboo: Mapaipi amakwiriridwa mwachindunji munthaka yachisanu ndipo palibe chithandizo cha dothi lotayirira, kusiyana kwa mapaipi ndi malo osayenera, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa youma.
Chotsatira: Chifukwa cha chithandizo chosakhazikika, chitolirocho chinawonongeka panthawi ya kubwezeretsa dziko lapansi, zomwe zinayambitsa kukonzanso.
Miyezo: PIPI SIIDZAMIKIDWA MU DOWA LOWIRITSIDWA kapena nthaka yosasunthika yosasamalidwa, KUKHALA KWA PIERS KUDZAKHAZIKITSA zofunikira za zomangamanga, NDIPO ZOKHUDZA ZOTHANDIZA zidzakhala zolimba, MAKAMAKA pa mawonekedwe a chitoliro, omwe sadzakhala ndi mphamvu yometa ubweya. Mipiringidzo ya njerwa iyenera kumangidwa ndi matope a simenti kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika ndi kulimba.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-15-2022
