Mu gitondo cyo ku ya 5 Nzeri 2008, umuyoboro w'amazi yahamagaye A-1 Mushroom Substratum Ltd i Langley, muri Kolombiya y'Ubwongereza. Bibaye ku nshuro ya kabiri mu minsi mike.Hariho, yasanze umuyoboro winjira munsi y’isuka rya pompe wafunzwe burundu…
Mu gitondo cyo ku ya 5 Nzeri 2008, umuyoboro w'amazi yahamagaye A-1 Mushroom Substratum Ltd i Langley, muri Kolombiya y'Ubwongereza. Bibaye ku nshuro ya kabiri mu minsi mike.Hariho, yasanze umuyoboro winjira munsi y’isuka rya pompe wafunzwe burundu, maze amenyesha umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’ifumbire ry’ibihumyo ko hakenewe isosiyete ifite ubuhanga bwo kuvoma imyanda.
Ahubwo, bayobowe nu mucungamutungo, abakozi babiri bagerageje gukuraho inzitizi y’ikinyugunyugu mu muyoboro. Mu masegonda make yo gusenga afungura flange, umukozi yaguye yubamye mu mazi munsi y’isuka, bikekwa ko ari kubera irekurwa ritunguranye rya hydrogène sulfide (H2S) mu kirere kibuze ogisijeni. Azapfa.
Mu minota mike iri imbere, abantu babiri bashobora gutabarwa mubucuruzi bwinshi bwo guhinga ibihumyo no gutunganya ibicuruzwa bizagira ibyago nkibyo.Abandi bakozi bombi-kubwamahirwe-bazagira ibyago byubwonko byica, bidasubirwaho.
Muri raporo y'iperereza yashyizwe ahagaragara mu mpera z'Ugushyingo, WorkSafeBC izagaragaza ibitagenda neza mu bijyanye no gushushanya, kubaka no gukoresha icyo kigo. Inama y'ubutegetsi yavuze ko iperereza rishobora kuba “bigoye cyane mu mateka ya WorkSafeBC. ” Ati: “Bizatwara amezi yo gusura ahantu h'ingenzi ahakorerwa; bizatwara amezi menshi kugirango wumve neza inzira zinganda zirimo nibyabaye mumyaka itanu. Urukurikirane rw'ibihe n'ibyemezo biza gukina.q
Kuri uwo munsi wa Nzeri, abakozi babiri bagerageje gusiba umuyoboro wafunzwe mu isuka rya pompe yagabanutse, mu gihe umuyobozi wabo yabirebaga kuva ku burebure bwa metero eshatu uvuye ku bwinjiriro bw’inyubako. Abakozi bahagaze mu nzira y’amazi n’amazi yari amaze kwegeranya 40 cm hepfo yisuka, yakuyeho 8 byangiritse kuri flang ya valve, hanyuma ashyiraho bidatinze 4 bishya kugirango ifate valve mumwanya.
Ahagana mu ma saa kumi n'imwe z'umugoroba, umwe mu bakozi yakoresheje icyuma gisohora icyuma cyo hejuru kugira ngo asohore flange yo hejuru kuri valve, hanyuma akoresha indi shitingi kugira ngo akureho ibyatsi, isuka n'ibindi bikoresho byometse kuri valve. ”Amazi make yatangiye gusohoka. , ”Raporo y'iperereza rya WorkSafeBC i Richmond, Columbiya y'Ubwongereza yavuze.
Igihe umukozi yakuraga ibyatsi, yitotombeye umuyobozi ku munuko, bituma umuyobozi areka umukozi ava mu isuka.
Umukozi kuri valve yateye intambwe hanyuma yikubita hasi yubamye mu mazi no mu kajagari.Umugenzuzi yaramanutse maze afasha umukozi wa kabiri gushyigikira umukozi utitabira umwanya wicaye ku rukuta rw'isuka. Umugenzuzi yahise ahamagara nyir'ubutabazi kugira ngo amutabare byihutirwa. .
Igihe inkeragutabara zageraga mu ma saa kumi n'imwe n'iminota 20 z'umugoroba, basanze umugenzuzi uri hanze y’isuka yataye inzira kandi yari afite ikibazo cy’ubuhumekero. ”Abakozi ba ambulance babonye impumuro idashimishije, bakeka ko ari akaga, maze bahitamo gusubira mu ahantu hasukuye, ”WorkSafeBC yatangaje, ibuza abandi bakozi bageze ku ngazi kwinjira mu isuka.
Muri rusange, abakozi batanu bo mu bigo bitatu bigize uruganda rutunganya-A-1 Ibihumyo Substratum, HV Truong Ltd (uruganda rukora ibihumyo) na Farmers 'Fresh Mushrooms Inc. (isosiyete ipakira no kwamamaza) bakuwe muri icumbi .Mu Van Tran w'imyaka 35, Chi Wai Chan w'imyaka 55 na Han Duc Pham w'imyaka 47 bapfuye; Tchen Phan aracyari mu kagare k'abamugaye na Michael Phan ari muri koma.
Raporo ya WorkSafeBCos yerekanye ibitagenda neza: kubura sisitemu ya OH&S kurubuga; kunanirwa gukosora imiterere ya anaerobic (anaerobic) ikorwa mu kigega gitunganya amazi mu muyoboro, bigatuma H2S yegeranya mu muyoboro winjira; kubura uburinzi bwibintu byinjira mumashanyarazi Igenzura; kutubahiriza amabwiriza; ibitagenda neza mugushushanya, kubaka, no gukora ibikoresho kuva 2004.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe iperereza muri WorkSafeBC, Jeff Dolan yagize ati: pTuzi ko iyi miryango igomba gutegereza igihe kirekire kugira ngo imenye byinshi ku byabaye ku bo bakunda. Impamvu zirasobanutse. ”, Mu itangazo rigenewe abanyamakuru.
Muri Kanama 2010, Substratum ya A-1 y'ibihumyo, HV Truong, n'abantu 4 bahawe amafaranga 29 y’ubuzima n’umutekano ku kazi. Muri Gicurasi umwaka wakurikiyeho, ibigo byombi n’abantu batatu bemeye ibyaha 10 byose byo kutubahiriza ubuzima kandi umutekano w'abakozi; guha abakozi amakuru, ubuyobozi, amahugurwa no kugenzura; no kwemeza ko akaga k’ahantu hafunzwe kavanyweho cyangwa kagabanijwe Kandi ugakora imirimo ijyanye nayo mu mutekano.
Urubanza rwaciwe mu Gushyingo gushize rwarangiye haciwe amande y'amadorari 200.000 kuri A-1 Mushroom Substratum (ubu yahombye), 120.000 $ kuri HV Truong, na 15.000, 10,000, na 5,000 $ kuri batatu.
Raj Chouhan, unenga umurimo w'ishyaka riharanira demokarasi riharanira demokarasi ya Columbiya y'Ubwongereza, ni imwe mu makorari asaba igihano gikaze.Chouhan yavuze ko igihano cya nyuma ari ugukubita urushyi. Yatangaje ko iyi miryango yizeye rwose kubona ikintu cyafasha indi miryango nabandi bakozi kuyivamo.q
Mu rwego rwo gusobanura ibintu byateje impanuka zihitana abantu benshi, hagomba gutekerezwa uburyo bwo gufumbira ibihumyo muri icyo kigo. bivuye mu kigega kinini cyigenga cyigenga mukuzitirwa.Amazi avanze noneho avomwa mumurongo wimiyoboro; ubanza mu isanduku y'ifumbire, hanyuma uyisukaho ikirundo cy'ifumbire irimo ibyatsi, ifumbire y'inkoko hamwe na gypsumu y'ubuhinzi.
Icyakora, kubera ibibazo byakazi no kugabanya umusaruro w’ifumbire mvaruganda, ibigega byamazi hamwe n’ahantu hafunzwe huzuyemo amazi yatunganijwe, ibyatsi n’ibyondo. Kugira ngo pompe n’imiyoboro idakonja mu gihe cy itumba, isuka yubatswe ku rukuta rwabigenewe mu 2007.
Ikindi gifite akamaro ni igishushanyo mbonera no kubaka uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi, bikurura amazi yatunganijwe kuva munsi yikigega mu muyoboro winjira. Raporo ya WorkSafeBC yavuze ko ibyo byaviriyemo guhagarika no kuba anaerobic muri sisitemu yo kuvoma.
Raporo yashoje igira iti: Kubera ko ibyatsi n'ibisigazwa bimaze gutura munsi yikigega, ibyo bikoresho byanze bikunze byinjira mu muyoboro bikabuza gutemba kwamazi cyangwa bikabuza.q.
Hamwe no kugabanuka gukenerwa kwamazi yatunganijwe-Umujyi wa Langley wafunze ikigega cy’ifumbire mu mpera zumwaka wa 2007 kubera kurenga ku mabwiriza-ibi bivuze ko amazi yinjira muri sisitemu amara igihe kirekire, kandi inshuro zo gutembera mu miyoboro ziragabanuka kandi ziyongera Kugira ngo uhangane na amahirwe, imikurire y'amazi irahagarara kandi ishyigikira ibikorwa bya anaerobic.
Raporo isobanura: p Niki gitera ikibazo kurushaho ni ukubura uburyo bwo guteza imbere uruzinduko no kuvanga kimwe amazi yose ya ogisijeni yinjira mu kigega [amazi] hamwe n’amazi yegeranijwe, imyanda hamwe n’ibikomeye biri munsi y’ikigega. ”
Les Mackoff wunganira abaregwa baregwa, yavuze ko ba nyir'ubwite bakorana n'aba bantu buri munsi kandi bumva bafite ubwoba kuri ibi bibaho.q
Mackoff yatangaje ko mbere y’iki kibazo cy’urupfu, nyir'ubwite yari yarahaye akazi impuguke akanasaba inama z’ubuhanga mu buryo bwo gushyiraho ibinyabuzima kugira ngo bigabanye impumuro mbi.Nyamara, yerekanye ko “inyubako ifite inenge. Ikigo cyahuye n'ikibazo gikomeye. ”
Neil McManus ni impuguke mu isuku y’inganda yaturutse muri NorthWest Occupational Health & Safety i Vancouver. Yavuze ko igitekerezo cye ari uko abajenjeri bagenzura umutekano w’akazi kuko “ibishushanyo byabo bitanga akazi keza ku bandi.”
McManus yavuze ko ashingiye ku bunararibonye bwe, ibikorwa byinshi byo gufumbira bifite pompe zirohama hamwe na pompe zishobora gukurwaho.Yongeyeho ko bitabaye ibyo, abantu bagomba kwinjira “mu cyumba cyo gusana pompe cyangwa ikindi kintu kibuza.”
David Nguyen, impuguke mu buzima bw’ubuhinzi n’umutekano mu ishyirahamwe ry’ubuhinzi n’ubuhinzi n’ubuhinzi (FARSHA) i Langley, muri Leta ya Columbiya y’Ubwongereza, yavuze ko ibyabaye “byafunguye amaso abantu bose muri uru ruganda.” .Nguyen yatangaje ko yasuye aho akorera kandi ko yagiye akorana n’abakoresha nyuma y’ibyabaye mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubuzima n’umutekano bijyanye n’akazi.
Yavuze ko ibibazo by’ubuhanga ari ikibazo, ariko yongeraho ko atekereza ko ibindi bintu ari ingamba zo gukumira hashingiwe ku isuzuma ry’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’imiterere y’ikirere.
Gusoma ibi bimenyetso birashobora no gufasha kwirinda.Mu mezi abiri mbere yuwo munsi wica, ku ya 15 Nyakanga 2008, komite ishinzwe isuzuma ry’inganda mu nganda z’Abongereza Columbia yakiriye ibirego by’umujyanama w’Umujyi Charlie Fox n’umugore we ku byerekeye umunuko n’amazi ava mu gikorwa cyo gufumbira.
Umujyi watangiye gukurikiranwa n’amategeko, ufunga ikigo ku nshuro ya kabiri.Mu byukuri, iburanisha ry’urukiko ku kirego cya kabiri riteganijwe gukorwa nyuma yiminsi itatu impanuka ibaye.
Fox yagize ati: "Amahano yabaye aho twari tuzi ko impumuro yasohotse, kubera ko ahanini yari umwobo utavumbuwe." Ati: "Njye mbona ikibazo ari uko umwanda usohoka nyuma ukaguma muri ubwo butayu bunini. tanks. ”
McManus yatangaje ko hashize igihe kitageze ku mwaka nyuma y’ibyabaye i Langley, yasuye urundi murima w’ibihumyo muri Columbiya y’Ubwongereza, aho yabonye “uburyo bwo gukora” bumwe maze agasanga “igitangaza kinini cyane” kuri sitasiyo. “H2S.
Yibutse ati: “Tugomba guhita duhava.” Mbere yo guhinduka, impumuro yari zeru. Izuru ryanjye ryambwiye ko hano hari H2S, ndareba hirya no hino ntabona impinduka zo gusobanura ibibaye. Iyo yari pompe. Twashoboraga kubona ifuro hepfo, ”McManner Said.
Yatekereje ko "ifuro ireremba hejuru y’amazi irashobora gufata byibuze umwuka umwe w’umuvuduko", zimwe muri zo zishobora kuba H2S. "Ubu ni uburyo bukomeye kandi budahungabana cyane. Niba rero ufashe molekile ya H2S mu kibyimba mu mazi yuzuye, hanyuma ukayashyiramo imbaraga zitanduye hanyuma ukarekura ayo mazi, noneho igituba gifite igisubizo cyirukanwe. " icyateye urupfu, ntacyo bashoboye kubona. ”
Raporo ya WorkSafeBCos yavuze ko igihe umuyobozi w’umuriro wa townos yapimaga umwuka uri mu isuka ahagana mu ma saa kumi nimwe nigice za nimugoroba, hydrogène sulfide yari ibice 36 kuri miliyoni (ppm) naho ogisijeni yari 15% -kuri hejuru kandi hejuru cyane. Hasi.Nyuma yiminota 22 gusa, gaze yagabanutse kugera kuri 6 ppm, naho ogisijeni isanzwe yari 20.9%.
Ibyo bitekerezo bitandukanye cyane no kubara WorkSafeBC kubara ku ya 29 Mutarama 2009 (nyuma y'amezi atanu), igihe valve yakuweho maze umwuka wo mu muyoboro winjira munsi ya valve ugapimwa.p Ibirimo H2S birenga 500 ppm (gusoma cyane kuri monitor), byerekana ko imiterere ya anaerobic mu muyoboro ishobora gutera H2S kuba nyinshi bihagije ku buryo bitera ubwenge ndetse n’urupfu rwihuse, q raporo y’iperereza yavuze.
Kuki umukozi umwe mwisuka yabaye igisubizo mugihe cyamasegonda make nyuma yisohoka rya H2S nyuma agapfa, mugihe undi yarokotse?
Shirley Gray, inzobere mu bijyanye n’isuku mu kazi mu ishami ry’umurimo n’amashuri makuru ya Nova Scotia muri Halifax, abisobanura agira ati: “Iyo urebye isuku y’akazi, ntabwo abantu bose bahura n’ibintu bimwe mu buryo bumwe.” ngaho. Ntabwo abantu bose bazarwara kanseri y'ibihaha, ”Gray yatanze urugero.
Yavuze ko ibintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku myitwarire y’imyiyerekano harimo guhumeka, kuba hafi yo kurekurwa, ndetse n’umuvuduko uhumeka. ”[Umukozi] yashoboraga gukora imirimo myinshi kandi akinjira mu bidukikije kurusha abandi bari kumwe na we.” hanze.
Gray avuga ko imyuka yose izasimbuza ogisijeni, ariko kugira ngo ubigereho, ugomba kuba mwinshi cyane. ”Kugira ngo usimbuze 1% bya ogisijeni, ugomba kuba ufite ingufu nyinshi cyane”, yagize ati: “Nubwo ikindi kintu gishobora kuba ogisijeni. scavenger, “mu byukuri ihuza ogisijeni ikayikura mu kirere.”
McManus yavuze ko muri 15% ogisijeni, “utazagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y'abantu.” Yakomeje agira ati: “Iyi ni yo mpamvu bishoboka ko H2S yabikoze.”
Izi mpfu zatumye Demokarasi Nshya ya Vancouver hamwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’abakozi mu Bwongereza Columbia (BCFL) basaba inshuro nyinshi ko hakorwa iperereza kuri coroner. Umutware Coroner Lisa Lapointe yitabye umuhamagaro mu Kuboza umwaka ushize.
“Nyuma yo gusuzuma amakuru yose aboneka muri uru rubanza, harimo na raporo ya WorkSafeBCos, [Lapointe] yashoje avuga ko ari byiza gukora iperereza kugira ngo dusuzume bimwe mu bintu byagutse byabaye kugira ngo hatabaho impfu zizaza mu bihe nk'ibyo. Ati: “Itangazo ryatanzwe na British Columbia Coroner Service, rifite icyicaro gikuru i Vancouver, ryagize riti. Mu gihe iperereza riteganijwe gutangira ku ya 7 Gicurasi, umuyobozi mukuru w’imanza, Norm Liebel hamwe n’abacamanza bazumva ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya benshi.
Raj Chouhan wo mu Ishyaka Riharanira Demokarasi no Kurengera Ibidukikije yavuze ko yizera ko hari ibitekerezo “bishobora kudufasha gukumira ayo makuba mu bihe biri imbere.”
Umuyobozi wa BCFL, Jim Sinclair, na we yishimiye iperereza ry’intara maze agaragaza mu ijambo rye ko byatanze icyizere cy'umutekano muke mu mirima yo mu Bwongereza bwa Columbiya.q
Raporo ya WorkSafeBC yavuze ko mbere y’ibyabaye, pno umuntu yasaga nkaho ahangayikishijwe n’iterambere ry’imiterere ya anaerobic mu miyoboro igize gahunda yo kugarura amazi, kabone niyo sisitemu isigaye ikomeza kuba aerobic.q
Raporo yongeyeho ati: "N'ubwo inganda n’inzego zishinzwe kugenzura zemera ko umusaruro wa gazi ari umusaruro ukomoka kuri ibyo bikorwa, ibitabo by’inganda byibanda cyane ku kurengera ibidukikije no kurandura umunuko, aho kwibanda ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa mu gihe cyo gukora iyo myuka."
Umuyobozi w’umushinga FARSHA, Scott Fraser, yemeye ko mbere y’impanuka, urwego rwo kumenya ububi bw’ibikorwa byo gufumbira ibihumyo byari bike. ”Igihe byaberaga bwa mbere, sinkeka ko hari umuntu wari uzi ibyabaye koko cyangwa ingano ya hydrogène sulfide ishobora kumenwa muri ibyo bintu, ”Fraser.
Yavuze ko kuva ibyabaye, amakuru yanditse yagiye akwirakwizwa mu bikorwa bisa, kandi hashyizweho gahunda yo kugenzura ifumbire mvaruganda.
Nguyen yavuze ko abakozi bo mu ruganda rwa Langley bavuga Abanya Viyetinamu, kandi avuga Abanya Viyetinamu nk'ururimi rwe rwa kabiri. ”Abantu bakora mu buhinzi bakunze kuba abimukira bo mu gisekuru cya mbere, bityo icyongereza ntabwo buri gihe ari rwo rurimi rwabo rwa mbere.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-23-2021
