Kwishyiriraho valve 14 nyamukuru taboo fluorine umurongo wa valve uburyo bwo gutegura

Kwishyiriraho valve 14 nyamukuru taboo fluorine lining ya moderi yo gutegura uburyo bwo Gushiraho valve ntabwo ari ibintu byoroshye. Hano hari kirazira 14, urabizi? Byagenda bite iyo aya kirazira yarenze? Wabikemura ute? No 1 Ikizamini cya Hydrostatike ku bushyuhe bubi mugihe cyo kubaka imbeho. Gushiraho valve ntabwo ari umurimo woroshye. Hano hari kirazira 14, urabizi? Byagenda bite iyo aya kirazira yarenze? Wabikemura ute? Oya-oya 1 Mu iyubakwa ry'imbeho, ikizamini cya hydrostatike gikorerwa munsi yubushyuhe bubi. Ingaruka: Umuyoboro urakonja vuba mugihe cya hydrostatike, bigatuma umuyoboro wangirika. Ingamba: Gerageza gukora ibizamini bya hydrostatike mbere yo kubitangira imbeho, hanyuma utere amazi meza nyuma yikizamini cyumuvuduko, cyane cyane amazi yo muri valve agomba kuba *** murushundura, naho ubundi valve izahagarika igikoma. Umushinga ugomba gukorwa mugihe cyizuba cya hydrostatike, kugirango ubushyuhe bwo murugo bube bwiza, nyuma yikizamini cyo guhuha amazi. Iyo hydrostatike ikizamini kidashobora gukorwa, ikizamini gishobora gukorwa numwuka uhumanye. Oya-oya 2 Mbere yo kurangiza sisitemu yo gutunganya ibintu ntabwo bikomeye, umuvuduko w umuvuduko n'umuvuduko ntibishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gutembera imiyoboro. Ndetse n'umuvuduko w'amazi imbaraga zipima amazi aho gutemba. Ingaruka: Ubwiza bw’amazi ntibujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa muri sisitemu y'imiyoboro, akenshi biganisha ku kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ibice by'imiyoboro. Ingamba: koresha sisitemu kugirango ushireho umutobe ntarengwa cyangwa umuvuduko wamazi ntugomba kuba munsi ya 3m / s kugirango woge. Ibara ry'amazi no gukorera mu mucyo bigomba kuba bihuye n'ibara ry'amazi no gukorera mu mucyo w'amazi yinjira nkuko byujujwe no kugenzura. Oya-oya 3 Umwanda, amazi yimvura, umuyoboro wa kondensate ntukore ikizamini cyamazi gifunze bizakora guhisha. Ingaruka: Birashobora gutera amazi kumeneka, kandi bigatera igihombo kubakoresha. Ingamba: Ikizamini cyamazi gifunze kigomba kugenzurwa no kwemerwa bikurikije ibipimo. Yashyinguwe mu nsi, imbere mu gisenge, hagati y'imiyoboro n'indi myanda yijimye, amazi y'imvura, umuyoboro wa kondensate kugirango hatabaho kumeneka. Taboo 4 Mugihe igeragezwa ryingufu zamazi nigeragezwa rya sisitemu yo kuvoma, reba ihinduka ryagaciro kangana nurwego rwamazi, hanyuma urebe ko kumeneka bidahagije. Ingaruka: Kumeneka bibaho nyuma yo gukora sisitemu ya sisitemu, bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze isanzwe. Ingamba: Iyo sisitemu y'imiyoboro igeragejwe ukurikije ibisabwa n'ibishushanyo mbonera byubatswe, usibye kwandika agaciro k'umuvuduko cyangwa ihinduka ry'urwego rw'amazi mugihe cyagenwe, birakenewe cyane cyane kugenzura neza niba hari ikibazo cyo kumeneka. Oya-oya 5 Ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu hamwe na flave isanzwe. Ingaruka: Ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu nubunini busanzwe bwa valve flange iratandukanye, diameter imwe ya flange ni nto, kandi disiki yikinyugunyugu nini nini, bivamo ntishobora gukingurwa cyangwa bigoye gufungura ibyangiritse. Ibipimo: ukurikije ubunini nyabwo bwa kinyugunyugu valve flange flange gutunganya flange. Oya-oya 6 Nta mwobo wabitswe hamwe n'ibice byinjijwe mu iyubakwa ry'inyubako, cyangwa ubunini bw'imyobo yabitswe ni nto kandi ibice byashyizwemo ntibirangwe. Ingaruka: Kubaka umushinga w’isuku WARM, hitamo inyubako ya chisel, ndetse ugabanye imbaraga zo guhangayika, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yinyubako. Ingamba: Menya neza igishushanyo mbonera cyubwubatsi bwubushyuhe n’isuku witonze, kandi ufatanye cyane n’iyubakwa ry’inyubako kugira ngo ubike ibyobo hamwe n’ibice byashyizwemo ukurikije ibyifuzo byo gushyiramo imiyoboro hamwe n’ibimanikwa, hifashishijwe cyane cyane ibisabwa kugira ngo ibisobanuro byubwubatsi. Oya-oya 7 Iyo gusudira umuyoboro, impera itari yo y'umuyoboro nyuma yuko bombi bataba bari kumurongo umwe wo hagati, nta cyuho kiri kuri bombi, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ntukubiswe, n'ubugari n'uburebure bwa weld ntuzuzuze ibisabwa na code yubwubatsi. Ingaruka: Impera itari yo yumuyoboro ntabwo iri mumurongo wo hagati igira ingaruka itaziguye kumiterere yo gusudira hamwe nubwiza bugaragara. Nta tandukaniro riri hagati yimpande zombi, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ntukubiswe, ubugari nuburebure bwa weld ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa byingufu zo gusudira. Ingero: Nyuma yo gusudira umuyoboro wumuyoboro, umuyoboro ntugomba kwibeshya, ugomba kuba kumurongo wo hagati, icyuho kigomba gusigara kuri bombi, umuyoboro wurukuta rugari ugomba gutoborwa igikonjo, wongeyeho, ubugari nuburebure bwikidodo. igomba gusudira ukurikije ibisabwa. Taboo 8 Umuyoboro ushyingurwa mu butaka bwakonje ndetse nubutaka bwirekuye bitavuwe, kandi umwanya hamwe nu mwanya w’ibiti bya pipe ntibikwiye, ndetse no muburyo bwamatafari yumye. Ingaruka: Kubera inkunga idahwitse, umuyoboro wangiritse mugihe cyo gusubira inyuma kwisi, bikavamo gusanwa. Ingamba: PIPELINE NTIBIZASHYWA MU BUTAKA BUKOMEYE CYANGWA Ubutaka butavuwe neza, UMWANYA W'ABANYARWANDA UZUZUZA ibyangombwa bisabwa mu bwubatsi, KANDI GUSHYIGIKIRA BIKOMEYE, CYANE CYANE ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi, idashobora kwihanganira ingufu. Amatafari yamatafari agomba kubakwa na sima ya sima kugirango habeho ubunyangamugayo no gushikama. No. Ingaruka: Gushyigikira imiyoboro irekuye, guhindura imiyoboro, cyangwa no kugwa. Ingamba: Kwagura Bolts bigomba gutoranywa nkibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa, kandi bigomba gutondekwa kugirango bigenzurwe mugihe bibaye ngombwa. Aperture yo kwaguka kwaguka ntigomba kuba nini kurenza diameter yinyuma yo kwaguka. Kwagura Bolts bigomba gukoreshwa muburyo bufatika. Oya-oya 10 Flange na gasketi yo guhuza imiyoboro ntabwo ikomeye bihagije, kandi guhuza Bolt ni bigufi cyangwa binini bya diameter. Ibikoresho bya reberi bikoreshwa mu miyoboro yubushyuhe, padi ya asibesitosi ku miyoboro ikonje y’amazi akonje, hamwe nudupapuro tubiri cyangwa udupapuro twa bevel hamwe na flangine ya flange isohoka mu muyoboro. Ingaruka: flange ifatanye ntabwo ifatanye, niyo yangiritse, ibintu bitemba. Flange liner isohoka mu muyoboro, bizongera imbaraga zo guhangana. Ingamba: flanges na gasketi yo kuvoma bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa byumuvuduko wakazi kugirango igishushanyo mbonera. Umurongo wa flange wumuyoboro ushyushya amazi ashyushye ugomba kuba reberi ya asibesitosi; Igikoresho cya flange cyo gutanga amazi nuyoboro wamazi bigomba kuba reberi. Igipapuro cya flange ntigishobora guturika mu muyoboro, kandi uruziga rwacyo rugana ku mwobo wa bolt birakwiye. Ikariso ya beveri cyangwa gasketi nyinshi ntibishobora gushyirwa hagati ya flange. Diameter ya bolt ihuza flange igomba kuba munsi ya 2mm kurenza aperture ya flange, kandi uburebure bwinkoni ya bolt isohoka igomba kuba 1/2 cyubunini bwimbuto. Taboo 11 Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho Valve ntabwo aribyo. Kurugero, icyerekezo cyisi cyangwa kugenzura amazi ya valve (icyuka) icyerekezo gitandukanye nikimenyetso, uruti rushyizwe hepfo, kwishyiriraho horizontal ya cheque ya valve yashizwe muburyo buhagaritse, inkoni yumuryango winkoni cyangwa ikinyugunyugu ntigifungura cyangwa umwanya ufunze, igiti cya valve ntabwo kireba umuryango wubugenzuzi. Ingaruka: kunanirwa na valve, guhindura ingorane zo kubungabunga, valve stem akenshi itera amazi kumeneka. Ibipimo: Shyiramo valve ukurikije amabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho valve, usige igiti cya valve kugirango wongere uburebure bwo gufungura, ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu gitekereza neza umwanya wo kuzenguruka wikiganza, ubwoko bwose bwikibaho ntigishobora kuba munsi yumwanya utambitse, reka wenyine. Umuyoboro wihishe ntabwo ushyirwaho gusa kugirango uhuze gufungura no gufunga ibikenewe kumuryango wubugenzuzi, icyarimwe uruti rwa valve rugomba kwerekezwa kumuryango wubugenzuzi. Taboo 12 Ibisobanuro na moderi za valve zashyizweho ntabwo zujuje ibisabwa. Kurugero, igitutu cyizina cya valve kiri munsi yikigereranyo cya sisitemu; Iyo umurambararo wamazi yishami ryamazi yibiryo ari munsi cyangwa angana na 50mm, ikoreshwa rya valve; Amazi ashyushye ashyushya yumye, umuyoboro uhagaze ukoresheje valve ihagarara; Umuyoboro wokunywa pompe yumuriro ukoresha ikinyugunyugu. Ingaruka: Gira ingaruka kuri valve isanzwe ifungura no gufunga no guhindura kurwanya, igitutu nibindi bikorwa. Ndetse bitera sisitemu imikorere, valve yangiritse gusana ku gahato. Ingero: Umenyereye ikoreshwa ryubwoko butandukanye bwa valve, ukurikije ibisabwa kugirango ushushanye guhitamo valve nibisobanuro. Umuvuduko wizina wa valve ugomba kuba wujuje ibisabwa nigitutu cya sisitemu. Ukurikije ibisabwa mu gitabo cyubwubatsi: umuyoboro wamazi utanga amazi ya diameter munsi cyangwa angana na 50mm ugomba gukoreshwa na valve yaciwe; Irembo ry'irembo rigomba gukoreshwa mugihe diameter ya pipe irenze 50mm. Amazi ashyushye ashyushya yumye, vertike igenzura igomba gukoresha valve yumuryango, umuyoboro wa pompe wumuriro ntugomba gukoresha ikinyugunyugu. Taboo 13 Ntugakore ubugenzuzi bukenewe ukurikije amabwiriza mbere yo gushiraho valve. Ingaruka: sisitemu yo gukora sisitemu ya valve ntabwo ihinduka, gufunga bidatinze kandi ibintu bitemba byamazi (steam), bikavamo gusana ibyakozwe, ndetse bikagira ingaruka kumazi asanzwe (parike). Igipimo: Umuyoboro ugomba gupimwa imbaraga zingutu no gukomera mbere yo kwishyiriraho. Ikizamini kizahitamo 10% yubunini bwa buri cyiciro (ikirango kimwe, ibisobanuro bimwe, icyitegererezo kimwe), kandi bitari munsi yimwe. Kumuzinga wumuzingi ufunze washyizwe kumuyoboro wingenzi kugirango uhagarike imikorere, ugomba kuba umwe umwe kubwimbaraga no kugerageza gukomera. Imbaraga za VALVE hamwe nigitutu cyikizamini kigomba kubahiriza "Amategeko yo Kwemererwa Kwubaka Ubwubatsi bwo Gutanga Amazi, Amazi n’Ubushyuhe" (GB 50242-2002). Taboo 14 Kubikoresho byingenzi, ibikoresho nibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mubwubatsi, harabura ibyangombwa bisuzuma ubuziranenge bwa tekiniki cyangwa ibyemezo byujuje ibyangombwa byujuje ubuziranenge byigihugu cyangwa minisitiri. Ingaruka: ubwiza bwumushinga ntabwo bujuje ibisabwa, hariho impanuka zihishe, ntizishobora gutangwa kuri gahunda, zigomba gusubirwamo; Tera umushinga gutinda, imbaraga nimbaraga ziyongera. Ingamba: ibikoresho by'ibanze, ibikoresho n'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu gutanga amazi no kuvoma no gushyushya no gukora isuku bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge buriho butangwa na leta cyangwa minisiteri y’ubuhanga bwo gusuzuma tekiniki cyangwa icyemezo cy’ibicuruzwa; Izina ryibicuruzwa, icyitegererezo, ibisobanuro, code yubuziranenge bwigihugu, itariki yatangiweho, izina n’aho wabikoze, icyemezo cyubugenzuzi cyangwa kode yatanzwe. Uburyo bwo Gutegura Uburyo bwa fluor umurongo wa valve Ibisobanuro byerekana icyitegererezo cya fluor cyateguwe: Icyitegererezo cya fluor lining cyatandukanijwe nigice cya fluor muri "Uburyo bwo Gutegura Model ya Valve", naho moderi ya valve yasohowe nubuyobozi bwa Standardization vuba aha . Byasabwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’imashini mu Bushinwa, hakurikijwe amategeko ya GB / T1.1-2009 yo gutegura, uburyo bwo gukusanya icyitegererezo cy’ibikoresho byakozwe na komite y’ubuhanga mu bya tekinike y’igihugu (SAC / TC188). Muburyo bwo guhindura JB / T 308-2004. Moderi ya fluor yatunganijwe yakusanyije fluor nziza nziza ya valve kumasoko arangije akajagari k'ibicuruzwa. Sisitemu ya moderi ya fluorine igizwe nubwoko, gutwara, uburyo bwo guhuza, imiterere yuburyo, imiterere yumurongo, igitutu cyizina, ibikoresho byumubiri nibindi bipimo byumubare wumuhanda hamwe namabaruwa agizwe numubare wubuguzi, kugurisha byoroshye, gukora, gushushanya nibindi gukoresha ibisobanuro nyabyo. Umuyoboro ukurikira muburyo burambuye kugirango umenyekanishe ihame rya fluor umurongo wa valve nicyo, ibisobanuro bya code yicyitegererezo. Ihame ryakazi rya fluor yatondekanye: Fluorine itondekanye, izwi kandi nka fluor plastike itondekanye na ruswa irwanya ruswa, nuburyo bwa PTFE (cyangwa imyirondoro yatunganijwe) hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubumba (cyangwa gushiramo) murukuta rwimbere rwicyuma cyangwa icyuma gifata ibice (the uburyo bumwe burakwiriye kubwoko bwose bwumuvuduko wumuvuduko hamwe nibikoresho bya pipine biri kumurongo) cyangwa hejuru yinyuma yibice byimbere, Gukoresha uburyo budasanzwe bwo kurwanya itangazamakuru ryangirika rikozwe mubwoko bwose bwimitsi nubwato bwumuvuduko. Fluorine itondekanye ni igikoresho cyumubiri wa valve gishobora kugera ahantu hose hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gutondekanya umurongo, ibikoresho byo gutondekanya muri rusange ni FEP (F46) na PCTFE (F3) nibindi plastiki ya fluor, birashobora kuba byiza muburyo butandukanye bwa acide sulfurike, aside hydrochloric, acide hydrofluoric, aqua aqua hamwe na acide zitandukanye za acide, acide ikomeye, okiside ikomeye hamwe nindi miyoboro yibitangazamakuru byangirika, nibindi. . Imyanda ishobora kuba ikozwe muri plastiki ya fluor ni: fluor itondekanye ikinyugunyugu, fluor umurongo wumupira wumupira, fluor umurongo wa globe valve, fluor umurongo wa diaphragm valve, fluor umurongo winjira mumarembo, fluor umurongo wacometse kumashanyarazi, nibindi.