Hapana tsanangudzo yebasa repamutemo. Inogona kutaridzirwa kureva kudhura kwakanyanya kwekutsiva valve kana mamiriro ekushanda anoderedza simba rekugadzirisa.
Iko kudikanwa kwepasirese kudzikisa mitengo yekugadzirwa kwemaitiro kuitira kuvandudza pundutso yezvikamu zvese zvine chekuita nemamiriro ebasa rakaoma. Izvi zvinobva kuoiri negesi, petrochemicals kune simba renyukireya nekugadzira magetsi, mineral processing uye migodhi.
Vagadziri uye mainjiniya vari kuyedza kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi nenzira dzakasiyana. Iyo yakanyatsokodzera nzira ndeyekuwedzera uptime uye kunyatsoshanda nekudzora zvinobudirira maitiro paramita (senge inobudirira shutdown uye optimized flow control).
Kugadziriswa kwekuchengetedza kunoitawo basa rakakosha, nekuti kudzikisa huwandu hwekutsiva kunogona kutungamira kune yakachengeteka kugadzirwa nharaunda. Uye zvakare, kambani iri kushanda kudzikisa michina (kusanganisira pombi nemavharuvhu) hesera uye inodiwa kuraswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, varidzi vezvivakwa vanotarisira kuchinja kukuru kubva pazvinhu zvavo. Naizvozvo, kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa kugona kunozokonzera mashoma (asi akakura dhayamita) mapaipi nemidziyo uye mashoma zviridzwa zvechigadzirwa chimwe chete.
Izvi zvinoratidza kuti pamusoro pekuti ive yakakura kune yakakura madhayamita epombi, akasiyana masisitimu emukati anodawo kutsungirira kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune dzakaoma nharaunda kuderedza kudiwa kwe-mu-sevhisi kugadzirisa uye kutsiva.
Zvikamu zvinosanganisira mavharuvhu nemabhora evharuvhu anofanirwa kuve akasimba kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa, asi anogona zvakare kuwedzera hupenyu hwavo. Nekudaro, dambudziko guru nemashandisirwo mazhinji nderekuti simbi zvikamu zvasvika pakuita kwavo. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vagadziri vanogona kuwana dzimwe nzira kune zvisiri-simbi zvinhu mukuda maapplication, kunyanya ceramic zvinhu.
Mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kuti ashandise zvikamu pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara anosanganisira kupisa kwekuvhunduka, kusagadzikana kwecorrosion, kuramba kuneta, kuoma, simba, uye kuoma.
Resilience chinhu chakakosha parameter, nekuti zvikamu zvisingaite zvinogona kutadza kuparara. Kuoma kwezvinhu zveceramic kunotsanangurwa sekupokana kwekupararira kwekutsemuka. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, inogona kuyerwa uchishandisa iyo indentation nzira yekuwana artificially high value. Iko kushandiswa kweiyo-single-side incision beam inogona kupa mhedzisiro yekuyera kwayo.
Simba rine hukama nekuoma, asi rinoreva nzvimbo imwe chete apo chinhu chinokuvadzwa nenjodzi kana kushushikana kuchiiswa. Inowanzo kunzi "modulus yekuputika", iyo inowanikwa nekuita matatu-point kana mana-point bending simba kuyerwa pane test tsvimbo. Kukosha kwematatu-point test ndeye 1% yakakwirira kudarika kukosha kwechina-point test.
Kunyangwe zvikero zvakawanda zvinosanganisira Rockwell kuomarara uye Vickers kuomarara kunogona kushandiswa kuyera kuomarara, iyo Vickers microhardness chiyero chakakodzera zvakanyanya kune advanced ceramic zvinhu. Iko kuomarara kunoshanduka zvichienderana nekupfeka kuramba kwezvinhu.
Mumavharuvhu anoshanda nenzira inotenderera, kuneta ndiko kunonyanya kunetseka nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwekuvhura uye kuvhara kwevhavha. Kuneta ndicho chikumbaridzo chesimba. Kupfuura chikumbaridzo ichi, zvinhu zvacho zvinotadza kutadza pazasi pesimba rayo rekukotama.
Corrosion kuramba kunoenderana nemamiriro ekushanda uye yepakati ine zvinhu. Pamusoro pe "hydrothermal degradation", akawanda emhando yepamusoro ceramic zvinhu zvakakwirira kune simbi mumunda uyu, uye zvimwe zvirconia-based zvinhu zvinozosangana ne "hydrothermal degradation" mushure mekuratidzwa kune yakanyanya-tembiricha chiutsi.
Iyo geometry, kupisa kwekuwedzera coefficient, thermal conductivity, kuoma uye kusimba kwezvikamu zvinokanganiswa nekupisa kwekushisa. Iyi nharaunda inobatsira kune yakakwira yekupisa conductivity uye kuoma, saka zvikamu zvesimbi zvinogona kushanda zvinobudirira. Nekudaro, kufambira mberi kwezvinhu zveceramic zvino kunopa mazinga anogamuchirika ekupisa kwekuvhunduka.
Yepamberi Ceramics yakashandiswa kwemakore mazhinji uye inozivikanwa pakati peakavimbika mainjiniya, mainjiniya ezvirimwa uye vagadziri vevharuvhu vanoda kuita kwepamusoro uye kukosha kwepamusoro. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, inokodzera kuumbwa kwakasiyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Zvisinei, makeramiki mana epamusoro akakosha zvikuru mumunda wekuda kugadzirisa mavharuvhu, anosanganisira silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), alumina uye zirconia. Zvishandiso zvevhavha uye bhora revhavha zvinosarudzwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Ivhavha inoshandisa miviri mikuru ye zirconia, iyo ine imwechete yekupisa yekuwedzera coefficient uye kuoma sesimbi. Magnesium oxide yakagadzikana zvishoma zirconia (Mg-PSZ) ine yakanyanya kupisa kuvhunduka uye kusimba, ukuwo yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) yakaoma, asi inotapukirwa nekuderera kwehydrothermal.
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) ine maitiro akasiyana. Gasi pressure sintered silicon nitride (GPPSN) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mavharuvhu nezvikamu zvevharuvhu. Pamusoro peavhareji kuoma kwayo, ine zvakare kuomarara kwakanyanya uye simba, yakanakisa yekupisa kuvhunduka kusagadzikana uye kugadzikana kwekupisa. Mukuwedzera, munzvimbo dzakakwirira-kupisa kwemhepo, Si3N4 inogona kutsiva zirconia kudzivirira hydrothermal degradation.
Iine bhajeti rakasimba, iyo concentrator inogona kusarudza kubva kuSiC kana alumina. Zvinhu zvese zviri zviviri zvine kuomarara kwakanyanya, asi hazvina kuoma kupfuura zirconia kana silicon nitride. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvinyorwa zvakanyatsokodzera kune static component application, senge mavharuvhu liner uye zvigaro zvevharuvhu, pane bhora kana dhisiki iri pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya.
Zvichienzaniswa nemidziyo yesimbi inoshandiswa mukuda mavharuvhu kunyorera (kusanganisira ferrochrome (CrFe), tungsten carbide, Hastelloy uye Stellite), advanced ceramic zvinhu zvine kusimba kwakaderera uye simba rakafanana.
Kuda kushandiswa kwesevhisi kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwemavharuvhu ekutenderera, senge butterfly mavharuvhu, trunnions, mavharuvhu ebhora anoyangarara uye zvitubu. Mumashandisirwo akadai, Si3N4 uye zirconia zvine thermal shock resistance, kuoma uye kusimba, uye inokwanisa kuenderana neinoda nharaunda. Pamusana pekuoma uye kusagadzikana kwekuora kwezvinhu, hupenyu hwebasa rechikamu chacho kakawanda kune chikamu chesimbi. Zvimwe zvikomborero zvinosanganisira maitiro ekushanda pamusoro pehupenyu hwevhavha, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakachekwa uye masimba ekugadzirisa anochengetwa.
Izvi zvakaratidzwa munyaya ye65mm (2.6 inch) valve kynar / RTFE bhora uye liner yakazaruka kune 98% sulfuric acid pamwe neilmenite, iyo ilmenite ichishandurwa kuva titanium oxide pigment. Hunhu hwekuora hwenhau hunoreva kuti hupenyu hwezvikamu izvi hunogona kureba semavhiki matanhatu. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwespherical valve trim (a proprietary magnesium oxide partially stabilized zirconia (Mg-PSZ)) yakagadzirwa naNilcra!" (Mufananidzo 1) ine kuomarara kwakanyanya uye kusaita ngura uye yakapihwa kwemakore matatu. zvinoonekwa kupera uye kubvaruka.
Mumitsetse mavharuvhu (kusanganisira angle mavharuvhu, throttle mavharuvhu kana globe mavharuvhu), zirconia uye silicon nitride akakodzera zvose mavharuvhu plugs uye zvigaro zvevhavha nekuda kwe "hard seal" maitiro ezvigadzirwa izvi. Saizvozvo, alumina inogona kushandiswa mune mamwe linings nemakeji. Kuburikidza nebhora rinofananidzira pachindori chechigaro, chiyero chepamusoro chekuisa chisimbiso chinogona kuwanikwa.
Kune iyo yepakati yevharuvhu, inosanganisira spool vharafu, inlet uye yekubuda kana vharafu muviri bushing, chero chimwe chezvina zvakakosha zveceramic zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Iyo yakanyanya kuomarara uye kuomarara kuramba kwezvinhu zvakaratidza kuve zvinobatsira maererano nekuita kwechigadzirwa uye hupenyu hwebasa.
Tora DN150 butterfly valve inoshandiswa muAustralia bauxite refinery semuenzaniso. Iyo yakakwira silica yemukati mukati inokonzeresa yakakwira yekupfeka pane mavharuvhu bushings. Iyo liner nevharuvhu disc yakashandiswa pakutanga yakagadzirwa ne28% CrFe alloy uye yakagara mavhiki masere kusvika gumi chete. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuiswa kwemavharuvhu akaitwa neNilcra!" zirconia (Mufananidzo 2), hupenyu hwesevhisi hwakawedzerwa kusvika kumavhiki makumi manomwe.
Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo uye simba, ceramics inoshanda nemazvo mumazhinji mavharuvhu application. Zvisinei, ndiko kuoma kwavo uye kusagadzikana kwemarara kunobatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwevhavha. Nekudaro, izvi zvinowedzera kuchengetedzeka nekudzikisira nguva yekutsiviwa kwezvikamu, kuderedzwa kwemari yekushanda uye hesitori, kushoma manyorerwo ekubata, uye kuderedzwa kuvuza, nekudaro kudzikisa huwandu hwese kutenderera kwehupenyu.
Kwenguva yakareba, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zveceramic mu-high-pressure valves kwave kuri chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kunetseka, nokuti mavharuvhu aya ari pasi pepamusoro axial kana torsional mitoro. Nekudaro, vatambi vakuru mundima iyi vari kugadzira dhizaini yebhora dhizaini inovandudza kupona kweiyo actuation torque.
Imwe ganhuriro huru saizi. Saizi yechigaro chevharuvhu yakakura uye yakakura bhora bhora (Mufananidzo 3) inogadzirwa ne magnesia zvishoma yakagadzikana zirconia ndeye DN500 uye DN250, zvichiteerana. Nekudaro, vazhinji vemazuva ano vanotsanangura vanosarudza kushandisa ceramics kugadzira zvikamu izvo zviyero zvisingapfuure zviyero izvi.
Kunyangwe zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti zvinhu zveceramic zvinogona kushandiswa sechisarudzo chakakodzera, kuchine mamwe mirairo yakapusa yekutevera kuti iwedzere kuita kwayo. Ceramic zvinhu zvinofanira kutanga kushandiswa chete kana pane kudiwa kuderedza mari. Zvose mukati nekunze zvinofanira kudzivisa makona akapinza uye kuisa pfungwa pakushushikana.
Chero ipi zvayo inogona kuwedzera kupisa kusawirirana kunofanirwa kutariswa panguva yekugadzira chikamu. Kuti uderedze kushushikana kwehoop, zvinodikanwa kuchengeta ceramic kunze kwete mukati. Pakupedzisira, kudiwa kwekushivirira kwejometri uye kupera kwepamusoro kunofanira kunyatsotariswa, sezvo kushivirira uku kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya mari isingakoshi.
Nekutevera iyi nhungamiro uye maitiro akanakisa mukusarudza zvinhu uye kuronga nevatengesi kubva pakutanga kweprojekiti, mhinduro yakanaka inogona kuwanikwa kune yega yega inodiwa sevhisi application.
Ruzivo urwu rwakawanikwa, rwakaongororwa uye rwakagadziriswa kubva kune zvakapihwa naMorgan Advanced Materials.
Morgan Advanced Materials-Technical Ceramics. (November 28, 2019). Yepamberi ceramic zvinhu zvakakodzera kune yakakomba sevhisi application. AZoM. Yakadzorerwa kubva https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=12305 musi wa9 Kurume 2021.
Morgan Advanced Materials-Technical Ceramics. "Yakakwira ceramic zvinhu zveyakakomba masevhisi maapplication". AZoM. Kurume 9, 2021.
Morgan Advanced Materials-Technical Ceramics. "Yakakwira ceramic zvinhu zveyakakomba masevhisi maapplication". AZoM. https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=12305. (Yakasvika munaKurume 9, 2021).
Morgan Advanced Materials-Technical Ceramics. 2019. Yepamberi ceramic zvinhu zvakakodzera kune yakakomba sevhisi application. AZoM, nguva yekuona ndiKurume 9, 2021, https://www.azom.com/article.aspx? ChinyorwaID = 12305.
Elodie Verzoli ndiye maneja wechigadzirwa cheUHV mhinduro kuOSAY PHYSICS (rimwe divi reTOH). Akabvunzurudzwa nezve iwo makuru mabasa eNanoSpace uye nei yakave yakakosha chikamu cheTOH's chigadzirwa portfolio.
Mubvunzurudzo iyi, Rohit Ramnath, injiniya wechigadzirwa chepamusoro kuAZoM uye Master Bond, akakurukura nyaya yekurapa kwepamusoro uye kuti nei kunamatira kwakanyanya kuchikurudzirwa.
Mubvunzurudzo iyi, AZoM neTRB mashandiro maneja Francis Arthur akataura nezve TRB's zvifambiso zvekutakura uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakaumbwa.
X500-25BC-600 ndeye compact desktop set-yepamusoro bhokisi compression tester. Iyo inouya ne 4 yakaenzana mutoro masero ekuvandudza kurongeka uye kusaenzana kushivirira mutoro. Kudzora kwekombuta uye ine simba servo dhiraivha inogona kuwana inoshamisa chokwadi.
Evactron U50 Plasma Detergent yakagadzirirwa zvivakwa zvinosarudza kushandisa wired touch panel interface kune chirongwa chekuchenesa ma paramita.
The Thermo Scientific!" MIC-6 multi-instrument calibrator ndiyo yakakwana kune iyo indasitiri inotungamira TVA2020, iyo inovandudza huroyi uye inochengetedza nguva yekukwirisa LDAR kuteererwa kwekutarisa.
Isu tinoshandisa makuki kuvandudza ruzivo rwako. Nekuramba uchitsvaga webhusaiti ino, unobvuma kushandisa kwedu makuki. Mamwe mashoko.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-10-2021
