Matambudziko akajairika ekupisa choto chekuchengetedza vharafu gedhi vharafu Kuongorora Kuziva kwekutanga kwevhavhavhavha

Matambudziko akajairika ekupisa choto chekuchengetedza vharafu gedhi vharafu Analysis Ruzivo rwekutanga rwevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharu Kuongorora 1. Yekutanga Kuchengetedza vharafu ivharuvhu yakakosha yekuchengetedza gedhi, inoshandiswa kune dzakasiyana siyana dzekumanikidza kwemidziyo uye mapaipi ekufambisa, kana kumanikidza kwekushanda muhurongwa hwekushushikana kuchipfuura mwero. kukosha, inogona kuvhurika otomatiki, iyo yakawandisa inoburitswa mumhepo, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemidziyo yekumanikidza yakakwira uye mapombi anotakura, kudzivirira kuitika kwezviitiko, Asi kana kudzvanywa kuri musoftware software kudonha kumashure kumanikidziro kana pazasi zvishoma. pressure, inogona kubuda otomatiki. Basa rekuchengetedza vharafu rakabatana zvakananga nekuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo uye chengetedzo yemunhu, saka isu tinofanirwa kutarisisa zvakanyanya. 2. Midzi inokonzera uye mhinduro dzezvinetso zvakajairika zvevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharwe 2.1,kubuda kwegedhi  Pasi pesimba rekushandisa resisitimu,kubuda kwepiston valve uye high pressure gedhi vharafu panzvimbo yekuvharisa inodarika nhanho inobvumirwa, uye kubuda kweiyo vharafu yekuchengetedza haingokonzeri kukuvara kwezvinhu. Uye zvakare, iyo yepakati icharamba ichidonha yakaoma zvisimbiso zverabha ichakuvadzwa, zvisinei, iyo yekuvharisa pamusoro peyakajairwa kuchengetedza vharafu ndeye simbi inoumbwa zvinhu kune simbi zvinhu, kunyangwe kuita yakatsetseka uye yakarongeka, asi zvakaoma kwazvo kuona mvura. kuvuza pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ekudzvinyirirwa kwezvinhu. Naizvozvo, yepakati ndiyo mhute yekuchengetedza vharafu, pasi peyakatarwa system kudzvanywa, kana ziso rakashama risingaone pamusuwo nekubuda kunopera, zvakare harigone kunzwa kubuda, funga kuti kusimba kunoenderana nezvinodiwa. Kazhinji, pane zvikonzero zvitatu zvakakosha zvekudonha kwegedhi revhavha: Imwe nyaya ndeyekuti yakasviba yakasara inowira munzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso, uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso yakavharwa, zvichikonzera mukaha pakati pe spool uye high pressure gedhi vharafu, uyezve gedhi. vharafu inobuda. Nzira yekubvisa iyi mhando yekukanganisa kwakajairika ndeyekuputika mutsvina uye zvakasara munzvimbo yekuvharisa, kazhinji muchoto chekudziya pamberi pekugadzirira iyo boiler inoputika pombi saizi kugadzirisa, yekutanga kuita yekudzivirira gonhi lead kuyedza, kana yangowanikwa. kudonhedza boiler kuvhuvhuta pombi yakaitawo kudonha kwekugadzirisa, kana iri mushure mechoto kumhanyisa bvunzo yekutungamira yaona kuti kunyuza kwegonhi rekuchengetedza, kunogona kukonzerwa nechinhu chakadaro, Iyo inotungamira inogona kumhanya mushure memaminitsi makumi maviri efiriji uye wobva wamhanya a chidzoreso, nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso pakugeza. Chimwe chiitiko ndechekuvhara kwepamusoro kukuvara. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvinotungamira kukuvadzwa kwepamusoro pekuvhara ndezvinotevera: Chekutanga, iyo yekuvharisa pamusoro zvinhu haina kunaka. Semuenzaniso, muNhamba 3 ~ 9 yevira guru rekuchengetedza gonhi nekuda kwemakore ekugadzirisa, iyo huru yekuchengetedza gonhi spore uye high pressure gedhi revhavha yevhavha sealing surface yakave yakadzidzwa zvakanyanya yakaderera, kuitira kuti chisimbiso chepamusoro chekuoma kuderedzwa zvakare, zvichiita kuti yakaderedzwa chisimbiso, iyo inonyanya kukodzera nzira yekubvisa mamiriro aya ndeyekugaya pasi yepakutanga chisimbiso pamusoro, uye ipapo maererano ouinjiniya kudhirowa zvakare pfapfaidzo welding kugadzirwa uye kugadzirisa, Kuwedzera kuoma kwechisimbiso pamusoro. Teerera kumhando yekugadzira inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi mukuita kwekugadzira, senge yekuvharisa pamusoro pepakatsemuka, maburi ejecha uye kumwe kukanganisa kunofanirwa kunge kuri kugaya pasi mushure mekugadzira uye kugadzirisa. Iyo nyowani yekugadzirisa spool yakakwira kumanikidza gedhi vharafu inofanirwa kusangana neiyo engineering yekudhirowa zviyero. Parizvino, kushandiswa kweYST103 universal steel welding rod spray welding processing kugadzira vharafu core sealing surface yakanaka kwazvo. Chechipiri, hutano hwekuchengetedza hauna kunaka, spool high pressure gedhi revhavha rinokuya haigoni kusangana nemhando yezvigadzirwa zvemhando, nzira yekubvisa rudzi urwu rwezvikanganiso zvakajairika kushandisa nzira yekukuya kana kugayo kugadzirisa nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso maererano nedhigirii. yekukuvara. Chimwe chikonzero chikuru chekuchengetedza valve kuvuza kusaiswa kwakakodzera kana saizi yezvikamu zvakakosha zvakakurisa. Mune chinongedzo chekumisikidza, spool yakakwira yekumanikidza gedhi vharafu yanga isiri iyo chaiyo kana pane mwenje kudonha pajoint surface, kana chisimbiso chepamusoro che spool high pressure gedhi vharafu yakapamhama kuti ivhare. Tarisa ukuru uye kufanana kwemvumo yakatenderedza musangano we spool, iva nechokwadi chekuti gomba remberi re spool uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso zvakafanana, uye kuona mavhodhi pese pese haagone kubuda kunze kwe spool; Zvinoenderana neakadhirowa einjiniya, hupamhi hwechisimbiso chepamusoro hunofanirwa kudzikiswa kuti uwane chisimbiso chine musoro. 2.2 bonding pamusoro inodonha mafuta redunhu bhodhi,   Zvinoreva dambudziko rekudonha kwemvura pane isina kunanga pamusoro peiyo mafuta redunhu ndiro, zvinotungamira kune iyi rudzi rwekudonha ndizvo zvinotevera zvikonzero zvakakosha: chekutanga, iyo yakabatana pamusoro peiyo anchor bhaudhi yekusimbisa simba haina kukwana. kana kuti yakasimba, zvichiita kuti chisimbiso chepamusoro chekubatana hachisi chakanaka. Ndeipi nzira yekuchenesa yekugadzirisa bhoti yekusimbisa simba? Paunenge uchisimbisa bhoti yeanchor, inofanira kuitwa nenzira yekusimbisa maererano neAngle yepamusoro. Zviri nani kunyatsoyera nzvimbo munzvimbo imwe neimwe uye simbisa bhaudhi yeanchor kusvikira isingafambi, kuitira kuti iite nzvimbo yakabatana nzvimbo imwechete munzvimbo imwe neimwe. Chechipiri, mafuta redunhu ndiro yakabatana pamusoro zino mhando chisimbiso gasket haaiti zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, mazino emhando yekuisa chisimbiso gasket axial slight groove, flatness, mazino emhando yakanyanyisa kupinza kana kutsetseka uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinotungamira kusashanda chisimbiso. Saka kuti mafuta redunhu ndiro mubatanidzwa pamusoro leakage. Mukuchengetedza kwezvikamu zvehutongi hwemhando, kusarudzwa kweakamisikidzwa mazino ekuvhara gaskets anogona kudzivirira rudzi urwu rwemamiriro. Yetatu ndiyo mafuta edunhu ndiro yakabatana pamusoro flatness yakashata zvakanyanya kana yakaoma residue pad zvichikonzera kusashanda chisimbiso. Kune mafuta edunhu ndiro yakabatana pamusoro inokonzerwa nekushata kutsvedzerera kwemafuta edunhu ndiro yakabatana pamusoro pemvura inodonha, nzira yekubvisa ndeyekudonha gedhi vharafu uye nekukuya iyo yakabatana pamusoro zvakare kusvikira yasangana nemhando yechigadzirwa. Nemhaka yepedhi yakasara inokonzerwa nekuiswa chisimbiso haishande, mumusangano wevhavha yegedhi nyatsobvisa nzvimbo yakabatana kudzivirira kusara kuwira mukati. 2.3, impulse safety valve posture Shu main security valve posture Ichi chiitiko chinonziwo chepakutanga chekuchengetedza gedhi kurambwa. Mukova mukuru wekuchengetedza wakavharwa kushandiswa kwekupisa kukuvara kwechoto yakakura kwazvo, chinhu chikuru chakavanzika njodzi, kukuvadza kwakakomba kune yakachengeteka mashandiro emuchina nemidziyo, kana kushandiswa kwezvikepe zvekumanikidza zvakanyanya uye mapaipi mumidziyo inoshanda kumanikidza kupfuura. iyo yakayerwa ikozvino, mukova mukuru wekuchengetedza hausi kumira, kuitira kuti kushandiswa kwepamusoro-soro kuri nyore kukonzera kukanganisa kumichina nemidziyo uye njodzi huru dzekuchengetedza. Usati wadzidza zvikonzero zvikuru zvegonhi guru rekuchengetedza rinoramba kufamba, tanga waongorora musimboti wekutanga webasa guru rekuchengetedza gonhi. Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1 pazasi, kana kudzvanywa mumudziyo wekumanikidza kuchikwira kune kumanikidza kwese kwevhavha yekuyamura, iyo impulse relief valve chinzvimbo, zvinhu zvinomhanya kubva mumudziyo kuenda kukamuri huru yekuchengetedza yevhavha piston zvinoenderana nepombi, mukati kamuri yepiston pachava nekuwedzera kuduku kwekuderedza kweropa, kana gasi rinoputika muimba yepiston iri P1, nzvimbo yepiston throttle inenge Shs, ipapo f1 inoshanda papiston ndeye: F1 = P1 neShs... .......................................... (1) Kana kudzvanywa kwepakati gasi mukati mudziyo wekumanikidza ndeye P2, uye nzvimbo yepakati yevhavha ndeye Sfx, ipapo iyo yekudyidzana simba f2 yechinhu ichisundira kumusoro pamusoro pepakati pevhavha ndeye: F2 = P2 x Shx ... (2) General relief valve piston aperture dhayamita yepakati yevharuvhu yakakura, saka rudzi (1) uye (2) rudzi rweShs > Sfx  P1 zvinhu P2 Kana torsion chitubu chakaiswa se f3 uye inotsvedza friction simba pakati pefitness component uye yakagadziriswa chikamu ( kazhinji iyo inotsvedza inotsvedza simba pakati pepiston nekamuri yepiston) inoiswa sefm zvichienderana nesimba rekusimba rechigaro chevharuvhu richipesana ne spool, chinodiwa pakushanda kwegonhi rekuchengetedza guru ndeichi: Chete kana simba rekubatana f1 richiita. iyo piston yakakura zvishoma, simba rekubatana f2 rinoshandiswa pa spool kuti risimudze kumusoro, kupikisa kwechitubu che torsion kusvika kune spool kumusoro maererano nechigaro chevhavha f3 uye simba rinotsvedza rinotsvedza pakati pechikamu chekusimba uye chakagadziriswa chikamu ( kazhinji iyo inotsvedza friction force pakati pepiston nepiston chamber) fm sum, zvinoti: Gedhi guru rekuchengetedza rinogona kushandiswa chete kana f1> f2 f3 fm. Mukuita, iyo huru yekuchengetedza gonhi rekurambwa inogona kunge yakabatana neanotevera matatu maficha: Imwe ndeye gedhi vharafu fitness zvemitambo zvikamu zvakanamira. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekuiswa kusina musoro, tsvina uye zvakasara kupinda mukati kana kukukurwa kwezvikamu; Piston chamber pamusoro kutsvedzerera kwakashata, kukuvadzwa kwepamusoro, migodhi uye kumwe kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nezviyo zvakaoma. Nenzira iyi, kutsvedza kwesimba pakati pechikamu chekusimba uye chakamisikidzwa uye chakamira chikamu chinowedzerwa. Pasi pechirevo chokuti zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinoramba zvisina kuchinjwa, f1 Semuenzaniso, muNo. Munguva yekuongorora kuparara panguva yekugadzirisa, zvakaonekwa kuti pane zvakawanda zvehutu uye zvakasara muimba yepiston, uye piston yaisagona kushandisa muimba yepiston, iyo yakaita kuti gonhi guru rekuchengetedza rirambe kufamba. Mukugadzirisa, piston, rin'i yekuwedzera uye kamuri yepiston inobatwa nekudzivirira ngura, uye kukanganisa kwekamuri yepiston kwakadzika. Usati waiswa, rusvingo rwemukati rwekamuri yepiston rwakaputirwa zvakaenzana nehupfu hwekutungamirira, uye muviri wevhavha unounganidzwa mukurongeka kwakasimba. Muyedzo yekupisa yekupisa yekupisa, iyo imwechete pulse chubhu inoshambidzwa, uye ipapo gonhi guru rekuchengetedza rakabatana neiyo impulse kuchengetedza vharafu, uye vharafu yekudzivirira inomhanyisa kuyerwa kwehuremu inoitwa zvakare kana choto chagadziriswa. Zvese zvakajairika. Chechipiri, iyo huru yekuchengetedza musuwo piston kamuri yekudonha yakakura. Kana kubuda kwemhepo mukamuri regedhi repistoni kwakakurisa, simba rekudyidzana ref1 muFormula (1) rinoshanda papiston idiki. Pamusana pekuti zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinoramba zvisina kuchinjwa, f1 Chikonzero chakakosha chinotungamira mukudonha kukuru mukamuri yepiston chine chekuita nekuvharwa kwevhavha yegedhi pachayo uye mhete yepiston haienderane nezvakatsanangurwa kana mhete yepiston yanyanya kukuvadzwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekuisa chisimbiso. Semuyenzaniso, 3 ~ 9 choto chikuru chekuchengetedza vharafu yepiston mhete yemhando yepiston mhete yekona inofanirwa kutenderedzwa, yemahara mamiriro gaka haafanire kudarika gumi nemana, mushure megungano remuromo gap △=1 ~ 1.25, piston uye piston chamber gap B = 0.12 ~ 0.18, piston ring uye piston chamber gap S=0.08 ~ 0.12, piston ring uye piston chamber yekubata yakanaka, Chiedza chekufambisa hachifanirwe kudarika 1/6 dhayamita. Nezve izvo zvinodiwa mukamuri yepiston, kudzika kwakadzika kwepombi groove muimba yepiston hakufaniri kudarika 0.08 ~ 0.1mm, ovality yayo haifaniri kudarika 0.1mm, iyo cone degree haifaniri kudarika 0.1mm, uye ichave yakatsetseka. uye zvisingagoneki. Nekudaro, panguva yekuongororwa kwekugadzirisa kudonha, zvinocherechedzwa kuti mhete yepiston, piston uye kamuri yepiston yemusuwo wega wega wekuchengetedza wevira hazvienderane nemirairo yekuchengetedza. Parizvino, kubvumidzwa pakati pemhete yepiston nekamuri yepiston kunowanzo kuve S≥0.20, uye kushomeka kwekamuri yepiston kwakanyanyisa, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kusimba kwechipfunga chepiston, zvichikonzera kubuda kwehutsi hwepiston. Kukanganisa kwakadaro kunogona kubviswa ne: Kugadzirisa nzvimbo yemukati yekamuri yepiston, tsiva piston uye piston mhete inoenderana nezvinodiwa, gadzirisa dhigirii rekuvhura revhavha yekuyamura mune yekufukidzira kuchengetedza mudziyo system yevhavha yekuyamura, wedzera huwandu. yeutsi mukati meiyo huru yekuchengetedza gonhi piston chikamu, pasi pemamiriro ekubvumidza, inogona zvakare kuwedzera huwandu hwehutsi mukamuri huru yekuchengetedza gonhi piston nekusimudza sitiroko ye impulse kuchengetedza vharafu kusimudzira chinzvimbo chevhavha huru yekuchengetedza. Chechitatu, kubatanidza kwevhavha huru yekudzivirira uye vheji yevhavha yekudzivirira haina musoro, uye kuyerera kwemhepo yevhavha yekudzivirira ishoma. Iyo inonzi dhayamita yevhavhavha yekudzivirira idiki zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti kuderedzwa kwemhepo inopinzwa muchikamu chepiston chevhavhavha huru, uye simba risingakwanisi f1 kusimudzira kudzika kwepiston, ndiko kuti, f1 Izvi zvinowanzoitika apo iyo huru yekuchengetedza valve impulse safety valve ine inotsiviwa, nokuti haina kunyatsofungidzirwa uye inokonzerwa. Semuenzaniso, apo Nhamba ye5 yevira iri kugadziriswa, mavharuvhu maviri anorema nyundo impulse kuchengetedza anotsiviwa maviri A49H-P54100VDg20 pulse safety valves anogadzirwa neHarbin Valve Factory. Iyi vharuvhu yekuchengetedza inowanzoiswa neA42H-P54100VDg125 chitubu mhando huru yekuchengetedza peya. Isa iyo neSu kugadzirwa Dg150 × 90 × 250 mhando yekare huru yekuchengetedza vharafu yakashandiswa, rudzi urwu rwevhavha huru yekuchengetedza uye A29H-P54100VDg125 rudzi rwechitubu chemhando huru yekuchengetedza vharafu yakakura kudarika dhayamita yezita uye kusimba hakuna simba, muNhamba 5 choto. saturated state security valve uremu kupera, ita bvunzo inotungamira kune iyo huru yekuchengetedza vharafu kurambwa. Pakupedzisira, isu tichadonha iyo impulse kuchengetedza vharafu, iyo inotungamira sleeve uye spool inobatana pamwe neimwe chikamu chegap kuwedzera, kuitira kuti iwedzere iyo yakazara ikozvino inotakura nzvimbo, mhanyisa kutungamira zvakare kuedza kwakabudirira. Saka iyo impulse kuchengetedza vharafu uye iyo huru yekuchengetedza vharafu pairing haina musoro, zita rekuti dhayamita reshiyo richakonzera kurambwa kukuru kwevhavhavhavha. 2.4, impulse safety valve back seat Shu main security valve kunonoka nguva yekudzoka chigaro nguva yakarebesa Zvikonzero zvikuru zvezvikanganiso izvi zvakajairika ndezvizvi zvinotevera: Kune rumwe rutivi, ukuru hwekudonha kwepiston chikamu chevhavha huru yekuchengetedza, kunyangwe iyo impulse safety valve back seat, asi kune zvakare kudzvinyirirwa kwehutsi mupombi uye piston kamuri ichiri yakakwira zvakanyanya, kusimudzira piston pasi simba richiri rakakura kwazvo, saka tungamira kune hombe yekuchengetedza vharafu kumashure zvishoma nezvishoma, rudzi urwu rwekutadza kwakajairika. kupfuura A42Y-P5413.7VDg100 vharafu yekuchengetedza, Nekuda kweiyo fomu yekuchengetedza vharafu piston chamber chisimbiso chakanaka. Nzira yekubvisa rudzi urwu rwekukundikana inonyanya kukwidziridza dhigirii yekuvhura yevharuvhu yekuyamura uye kuwedzera iyo throttle valve dhayamita kugadzirisa, dhigirii yekuvhura yevharuvhu yekuyamura uye iyo throttle valve dhayamita inowedzera kusiya chiutsi mumonopulser chubhu nekukurumidza. inobudiswa, kuitira kuti ideredze kushanda kwepistoni, kuitira kuti ishandiswe kuti piston iende pasi pasi pesimba rinokurumidza kuderedzwa, Ivhavha inoputika mukuunganidza zvinhu zveutsi mubhokisi rekubuda kufambisa simba uye iyo huru yekuchengetedza vharafu pachayo torsion chitubu kuti ityaire kumusoro pasi pesimba remakakatanwa nekukurumidza kudzokera kuchigaro. Kune rumwe rutivi, nokuti kukakavara pakati pezvikamu zvinofamba zvevhavha huru yekuchengetedza uye zvikamu zvakagadziriswa zvakakura zvikuru, iyo huru yekuchengetedza valve inotungamirirawo kune chigaro chinononoka, kutarisana nemhando iyi yedambudziko ndiyo huru yekuchengetedza valve fitness mitambo. zvikamu uye zvakagadziriswa zvikamu zvegungano gap control panel mukati mechikamu cheiyo yakatarwa.