Zvakawanda sei zvaunoziva nezve zvakajairika mavharuvhu zviyero? Heating engineering inowanzoshandiswa mavharuvhu

Zvakawanda sei zvaunoziva nezve zvakajairika mavharuvhu zviyero? Heating engineering inowanzoshandiswa mavharuvhu

BS 6364 yakaderera tembiricha vharafu
SHELL SPE 77/200 -50¡æ pasi pevharuvhu
SHELL SPE 77/209 0 ~ -50¡æ vharafu
Heating engineering inowanzoshandiswa mavharuvhu
Kune marudzi akawanda emavharuvhu uye huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa. Mune pombi dzimwe nguva ndiyo huru midziyo, tamba basa rekutonga; Dzimwe nguva chigadziriso chechipiri uye chinoita basa rekubatsira. Kana ikashandiswa zvisina kunaka, pachave ne "kumhanya, kuisa njodzi, kudonha, kudonha" chiitiko, chiedza chinokanganisa kugadzirwa, inorema inokonzeresa tsaona. Saka kunzwisisa uye kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemavharuvhu inyaya yakakosha.
1 Valve classification
Kune marudzi akawanda emavharuvhu anoshandiswa mukudziya masisitimu. Zvakadai semavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu epasi, mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu, cheki mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza, mavharuvhu ekudzora, mavharuvhu ekuenzanisa, mavharuvhu ekuzvienzanisa uye zvichingodaro. Ngatipfuurei mavari one by one.
1.1 mavharuvhu egedhi
Iyo inonziwo gedhi vharafu, gedhi vharafu, imhando yevharuvhu inoshandiswa.

Kushanda ZVINOTAURWA: GATE yekuisa chisimbiso chiso uye chigaro chevhavha chisimbiso chechiso kureba chakatsetseka, chakatsetseka, chinopindirana, chakagadziriswa kuita chinonyatsokodzera, chisimbiso chakasimba. Kuburikidza nekukwira nekudzika kudzvanywa kwechitsigiro chevharuvhu, gedhi rinogadzira conduction uye kuvhara kwepakati. Inoita sekuvhara-kuvharwa kwepombi.

Zvakanakira: Kuramba kwemvura shoma; Nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso haina kukukurwa kana yavhurwa zvakazara; Inogona kushandiswa mune maviri-nzira yekuyerera yepakati, pasina kutungamira; Yakasimba uye yakasimba; Kwete chete yakakodzera kugadzira mavharuvhu madiki, asiwo anogona kugadzira mavharuvhu makuru.
Kukanganisa: kureba kwepamusoro; Nguva refu yekuvhura nekuvhara; Heavy; Zvakaoma kugadzirisa; Kana iri vharafu hombe yegedhi, kushanda kwemaoko kunonyanya kushanda.
Ivhavha yegedhi maererano nemhando yakasiyana yetsvimbo yakajeka uye yerima tsvimbo yemhando; Zvinoenderana nechimiro cheplate yegedhi, iyo parallel mhando uye wedge mhando dzakasiyana; Kune gedhi rimwechete, mapeji maviri egedhi. Muinjiniya yekudziya, inowanzoshandiswa kuvhura tsvimbo wedge mhando imwe gedhi vharafu (Z41H-16C) uye yakasviba tsvimbo wedge mhando imwe gedhi vharafu (Z45T-10), yekutanga inoiswa muchikamu chekutanga chechiteshi chekupisa, iyo yekupedzisira. inoiswa muchikamu chechipiri chechiteshi chekupisa. Iyo inowanzoita mabasa maviri: sechinjo yemidziyo mikuru; Semidziyo yekubatsira yakaiswa pamberi uye mushure meiyo huru midziyo yekugadzirisa.
Kana gedhi regedhi rakagadzikwa, usaite handwheel iri pasi pemutsara wakatwasuka (inverted), kana zvisina kudaro iyo yepakati ichachengetwa muvhavhavhavha yevhavha kwenguva yakareba, nyore kuodza tsinde. Muinjiniya yekudziya, vharafu yegedhi yaishandiswa kuve iyo huru simba muvharuvhu. Iye zvino nekugamuchirwa kwemavharuvhu e butterfly, mavharuvhu emagedhi akatsiviwa nemavharuvhu e butterfly.
1.2 vharafu yekumisa
Iriwo rudzi rwevhavha inoshandiswa. Iyo general caliber iri pasi pe100mm. Inoshanda SEGATE VALVE KUNZE KWEKUTI SHUTOFF (DISC) INOFAMBA PAKATI PAKATI LINE YECHIGARO. Inoita basa mupombi yakavharwa, inogona kugadzirisa kuyerera.
Zvakanakira: Zviri nyore kugadzira, zviri nyore kuchengetedza, yakasimba uye yakasimba.
Zvakaipa: Chete-nzira imwe chete midhiya inoyerera inotenderwa, inotungamira kana yaiswa. Kuramba kukuru kwekuyerera, kuvharwa kwakashata.

Zvinoenderana nechimiro cheakasiyana mapoinzi akatwasuka mhando, kurudyi Angle mhando, kuyerera kwakatwasuka, yakaenzana mhando. Flange yakatwasuka (J41H) uye shinda yemukati yakatwasuka (J11H) inowanzoshandiswa muinjiniya. Globe valve inotungamira, haigone kudzvanywa kumashure. Hazvifanirwe kupinduka.
Mukugadzira kwedu, hupenyu, yakapfuura inowanzoshandiswa yakatwasuka, diki caliber globe valve, ikozvino yakatsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nebhora vharafu.
1.3 bhora vharafu
Kuenzaniswa negedhi vharafu uye globe valve, bhora vharafu rudzi rutsva rwevharuvhu yakagamuchirwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Nheyo yekushanda kwayo ndeyekuti: spool ibhora rine mhango, uye spool inotenderera 90¡ã kuburikidza nehunde yevhavha kuita kuti valve isavharwe kana kuvharwa. Inoita sekuvhara-kuvharwa kwepombi.
Zvakanakira: Pamusoro pezvakanakira gedhi vharafu uye globe vharafu, pane vhoriyamu diki, chisimbiso chakanaka (zero leakage), nyore kushandisa zvakanakira. Parizvino, inoshandiswa mu petrochemical, simba remagetsi, simba renyukireya, ndege, aerospace nemamwe zvikamu.
Zvakaipa: Zvakaoma kuchengetedza.
Mavharuvhu ebhora ane mafomu maviri: rudzi rwebhora rinoyangarara uye rudzi rwebhora rakagadziriswa. Muinjiniya yekudziya, zvimwe zvinzvimbo zvakakosha, zvakaita semapazi akakosha, chiteshi chekupisa chekubatanidza huwandu, DN250 pazasi, inowanzotora mavharuvhu ebhora anotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Yakasiyana nechimiro chevharuvhu yebhora remumba: iyo yemba bhora vharafu muviri kazhinji zvidimbu zviviri, zvidimbu zvitatu, flange kubatana; Muviri wevhavha yevhavhavha yevhavha inosanganiswa, welded yekubatanidza, iyo yekukanganisa ishoma. Kwakatangira kuNordic seFinland, Denmark uye humwe tekinoroji yekudziya nyika dzakasimukira. Semuenzaniso, NAVAL,VEXVE kubva kuFinland, DAFOSS kubva kuDenmark, etc. Nekuda kwekuiswa chisimbiso kwakanaka, kuvimbika kwekushanda, kwagara kuchifarirwa nevashandisi. Mavharuvhu ebhora haana-directional uye anogona kuiswa chero Angle. Welding bhora vharafu horizontal kuisirwa, vharafu inofanira kuvhurwa, kudzivirira welding kana magetsi spark kukuvara uye bhora pamusoro; Kana YAKAPIWA MUVERTICAL PIPING, IVAI INOFANIRA KUZARURWA KANA YEKUPA CONNECTOR YAKABHIRWA UYE HAKAKHIRWA KANA CHIKONESA CHECHIKAMU CHIKATADZWA KUNZVISA KUPISWA KWAKUKURA MUKATI PVVIRI.
1.4 butterfly valve
Mukudziyisa system, ikozvino inoshandiswa, iyo yakawanda mhando yevhavha.
Kushanda musimboti: Iyo dhisiki idhisiki, kuburikidza ne stem kutenderera, dhisiki iri munzvimbo yechigaro ye90¡æ kutenderera, kuona switch yevharuvhu. Inoita sekuvhara-kuvharwa kwepombi.
Inogonawo kugadzirisa chiyero chekuyerera.
Zvakanakira: Chimiro chakareruka, vhoriyamu yakareruka, kushanda kuri nyore, kuiswa chisimbiso kwakanaka.
Kukanganisa: kana yakazaruka zvakakwana, ndiro yevhavha (chisimbiso mhete) inoparadzwa nepakati.
Muinjiniya yekudziya, vharuvhu yeshavishavi ine matatu eccentric simbi seal butterfly valve, rabha yakapfava seal butterfly valve.
1.4.1 Triple eccentric metal seal butterfly valve
Iyo inodaidzwa kuti "eccentricity mitatu" inoreva shaft yevharuvhu, vharafu ndiro iri pavharuvhu yakatarisana nenzvimbo yekumisa. Ordinary butterfly valve is an eccentric, ndiko kuti, the valve shaft center line uye sealing surface centre line (valve plate centre line) kutsauka; Nekuita kwepamusoro, wedzera eccentricity, kureva, mutsara wepakati wevhavha shaft inotsauka kubva pakati pemutsara wevhavha (iyo yepakati mutsara wepombi); Chinangwa chechidimbu chechipiri ndechekubvisa chisimbiso kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mushure mokunge ndiro yevhavha yakavhurwa ku20¡ã, nokudaro kuderedza friction (CAM effect). Matatu eccentric butterfly vharafu mune yakapetwa kaviri eccentric pahwaro hwekuwedzera eccentric - oblique koni, ndiko kuti, kumisa kweplate yevharuvhu (kuvharisa pamusoro uye pombi yakatwasuka ndege inorereka Angle). Izvi zvinogadzira valve mu 90¡ã rwendo rwekufamba, kuparadzana kwakakwana pakati pekuvhara chisimbiso, kwete kungosimbisa CAM effect, asiwo kubvisa zvachose kukakavara; Vhara vharuvhu panguva imwe chete, apo chisimbiso pair zvishoma nezvishoma yakavharwa, "wedge effect", ine diki torque kuti ibudirire zvakanyanya kuoma.

Iyo inonzi "simbi chisimbiso" inoreva chigaro chevharuvhu, chisimbiso mhete uchishandisa kupfeka kusagadzikana, corrosion resistance, kupisa kwepamusoro kwehutano hwealloy yakagadzirwa; Panguva imwecheteyo kuitira kudzivirira mhete yekuisa chisimbiso uye chigaro chakaomarara, iyo yekuisa chisimbiso peya yakagadzirirwa kuve inochinjika kuonana, ndiko kuumbwa kwe "elastic metal seal", kuve nechokwadi chekuvhara zvakasimba, kuvhurika pasina friction. NeCHINHU "matatu eccentric", pamwe chete ne "elastic metal seal", mavharuvhu akadaro ari nyore kushanda, anogara uye akaiswa chisimbiso zvakanaka.
Matatu eccentric simbi seal butterfly valve anowanzo shandiswa mukudziya sisitimu yemutsara mukuru uye bazi guru. Caliber DN300 kana pamusoro.
Inotengeswa kunze matatu eccentric simbi seal butterfly valve haina kwainoenda, asi kazhinji inokurudzirwa yekuisa nzira, haifanirwe kudzoserwa kumashure; Domestic directional, general reverse pane yekumberi musiyano we leakage level kana one to two pressure level, haigone kudzoserwa kumashure. Kana welding pahorizontal pombi, valve inofanira kuvharwa kudzivirira chisimbiso mhete; MuNYAYA YEVERTICAL pombi welding, valve inofanira kuvharwa uye mvura inofanira kuwedzerwa kune ndiro yevhavha panguva yekuputika kudzima welding slag. Kana YAKASIKIRWA PAMUSORO PAMUSORO PAMUSORO, zvinokurudzirwa kuti nzvimbo yehunde irerekedze yakatwasuka kana yakatwasuka kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti pasi rinotakura rakachena.
1.4.2 Rubber soft seal butterfly valve
Iyo butterfly plate inowanzoiswa nodular cast iron, uye mhete yekuvharisa irabha. Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso inoshandiswa yakasiyana, kuita kwakasiyana. Inowanzoshandiswa ndeiyi: Dingqing rabha, tembiricha inoshanda ye12¡æ a +82¡æ; Ethylene propylene rabha, tembiricha inoshanda a 45¡æ a +135¡æ; Heat-resistant ethylene propylene rubber, inokodzera tembiricha ye20¡æ +150¡æ.
Injiniya yekudziya inowanzoshandiswa mune sandwich (D371X), flange (D341X). DN125 pazasi inowanikwa mubato dhiraivha (D71, D41X). The wafer butterfly valve idiki uye yakareruka, inokurumidza kuvhura uye kuvhara, nyore kushanda, nyore kuisa, nyore kuchengetedza, kuvharira kwakanaka uye kugadzirisa kuita, kudhura kwekuita, saka kunofanirwa kugamuchirwa nesimba. Soft seal butterfly valve haina kwainoenda, inogona kuisirwa chero.
Kana vharuvhu yeshavishavi iri mudura, ndiro yevharuvhu inofanira kuvhurwa 4¡ã kusvika 5¡ã. Kuti udzivise kudzvinyirira kwenguva refu uye deformation yemhete yekuisa chisimbiso, inokanganisa chisimbiso.
1.5 cheki vharafu
Inonziwo cheki valve, gonhi rimwe chete rekuyerera. Inowanzo shandiswa vharafu yekubatsira.
Kushanda musimboti: Zvichienderana nesimba remvura pachayo uye uremu hwe disc, vharuvhu inovhura nekuvhara. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, basa rayo nderekumisa svikiro kuti risayerera richidzoka. Inowanzoiswa panzvimbo yepombi kudzivirira kukuvara kwesando yemvura papombi.
Inowanzo shandiswa mukudziisa engineering ndeye yakachinjika yekusimudza mhando (H41H), imwe vharafu inozungunuka mhando (H44H), kaviri vharafu butterfly type (H77H).
Ivhavha yecheki inotungamira uye haigone kuiswa kumashure. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemavhavhavha ekutarisa, maererano nemaitiro avo, ane yakagadziriswa yekuisa, haifanirwe kuiswa zvisirizvo. Iyo yakatwasuka yekusimudza mhando inogona kuiswa chete mupombi yakachinjika, uye ive nechokwadi chekuti dhisiki yevharuvhu iri munzvimbo yakatwasuka; Single disc swing type inogona kuiswa chete mupombi yakachinjika, uye ive nechokwadi chekuti disc shaft iri munzvimbo yakachinjika; Kaviri vharafu shavishavi inogona kugadzikwa pasina.
1.6 mutongi
Inonziwo throttle valve. Ivhavhavhavhavhavha yechipiri yekudziya system.

Kushanda musimboti: chimiro, chimiro uye kumisa vharafu zvakafanana. Chete chisimbiso chechipiri chakasiyana, valve disc uye chigaro chakafanana ne thermos bhodhoro chivharo uye muromo webhodhoro, kuburikidza nekufamba kwevhavha disc kuti uchinje nzvimbo yekuyerera kugadzirisa kuyerera. Mutongi ari pavharuvhu shaft inoratidza kuyerera kunoenderana.
Basa: Rongedza kuyerera kwepakati kuyerera pakati pemapombi kuti uwane chiyero chekupisa.
Injiniya yekudziya yaimbove yakatwasuka nepakati (T41H), asi ine zvimwe zvayakaipira: kuyerera kwakakwira kuramba, kwete kugadzika kuisirwa. Saka nekufambira mberi kwe tekinoroji, bhavhavhavha (PH45F) pachinzvimbo chekudzora vharafu.
1.7 vharafu
Yakavandudzwa mhando yekudzora vharafu. Iyo inoyerera chiteshi inotora kuyerera kwakatwasuka, chigaro chinoshandurwa kuita PTFE; Iyo inokunda iyo yakashata yekuyerera yakakura kuramba uye inowedzera mabhenefiti maviri: inonzwisisika kuisa chisimbiso uye cutoff basa.
Inoshandiswa mune yechipiri network ye thermal station mukudziya engineering, uye ine yakanakisa kuyerera kwemaitiro maitiro, kunyanya akakodzera kuchinjika kuyerera system.
Inonanga uye inogona kukwidzwa yakachinjika kana yakatwasuka.
1.8 Self-bancing valve
Inonziwo flow control valve. Nheyo yayo yekushanda ndeye: muvharuvhu kune chitubu uye firimu rerubha rinoumbwa nemashini, yakabatanidzwa ne stem. Kana chiyero chekuyerera chichiwedzera, SIMBA risina kuenzana ACHASIKWA PAIRI, ZVICHIITA KUTI DISC ICHIFAMBIRE MUNHU AKAVHARWA KUDZORERERA MUNHU WEKUTEERERA, KUDZORERA CHEKUTEVERA, UYE KUDZORERA chiyero chekuyerera kune iyo SET POINT. Uye zvakasiyana. Nokudaro, chiyero chekuyerera mushure mevhavha inogara ichichengetwa isina kuchinjwa kuti iwane chinangwa chekudzora kuyerera kwemvura.
Yakaiswa mune yekudziya system pane thermal population branch point. Kubvisa otomatiki kwe hydraulic kusaenzana, kuvandudza mashandiro ehurongwa, kuwana hupfumi hwekushanda. Self-kuenzanisa valve directional, usaise reverse.

Mukuwedzera, kune kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kudzivirira kwevhavha, kuora uye kuchengetedzwa kwepakati kusvika kuvhavha, tembiricha uye kumanikidza uye kuvhara uye kuvhara uye kudonha matambudziko nezvimwe zvakadaro. Muchidimbu, kunyange zvazvo vharuvhu iri duku, ruzivo rwakakura, rwakamirira kuti tirambe tichidzidza uye kupfupikisa.