Kuongorora kwevhavha uye matanho ekusarudza Valve chikamu kutadza kunokonzera uye kugadzirisa

Kuongorora kwevhavha uye matanho ekusarudza Valve chikamu kutadza kunokonzera uye kugadzirisa Kushanda bvunzo: iyo yekutanga kushanda kwevharuvhu kunosanganisira simba, kuvhara, kuyerera kuramba, chiito uye hupenyu hwebasa hwezvinhu zvishanu. Zvigadzirwa zvevhavha pamberi pefekitari zvinofanirwa kuve bvunzo dzesimba uye chisimbiso chekuita bvunzo, kune mamwe mavharuvhu akakosha, anofanirwa kunge ari mubatch samples yekuyerera kuramba, kuita uye hupenyu hwebasa zvinhu zvitatu zvekuyedzwa kwekuita, kuti vharafu yekudzivirira iite yakavhurika kudzvanywa, kumashure kumanikidzwa. uye displacement test; Kuti vharuvhu inoderedza kumanikidza kuita sensitivity test; Kuti musungo uite displacement test... Kuongorora kwevhavha Kuongororwa kwemhando yefekitari yezvigadzirwa zvevharuvhu kunofanirwa kuitwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nenyika zviyero uye indasitiri zviyero. Kana chitupa chakakodzera chichidikanwa, ndapota chitsanangurire paunenge uchiisa odha, uye muripo wakakodzera unochajwa zvinoenderana nezviri mubvunzo. 1 Kuongorora kwefekitori kwemavharuvhu kunowanzo sanganisira zvinotevera zvitatu zviri mukati: ● Tarisa kana zvinhu, blank, machining uye kusangana kwevharuvhu zvinosangana nehunyanzvi zviyero; ● Muedzo wekuita: basa rekutanga revhavha rinosanganisira simba, kuvhara, kuyerera kwekudzivirira, chiito uye hupenyu hwebasa rezvikamu zvishanu. Zvigadzirwa zvevhavha pamberi pefekitari zvinofanirwa kuve bvunzo dzesimba uye chisimbiso chekuita bvunzo, kune mamwe mavharuvhu akakosha, anofanirwa kunge ari mubatch samples yekuyerera kuramba, kuita uye hupenyu hwebasa zvinhu zvitatu zvekuyedzwa kwekuita, kuti vharafu yekudzivirira iite yakavhurika kudzvanywa, kumashure kumanikidzwa. uye displacement test; Kuti vharuvhu inoderedza kumanikidza kuita sensitivity test; Kuti musungo uite displacement test; ● Mavara ekuongorora uye chitupa chekupfapfaidza pendi, kurongedza uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, chitupa chechigadzirwa nemirayiridzo yechigadzirwa uye mamwe magwaro ehunyanzvi akazara. ● Kutarisa kwehukuru: chengetedza ukuru hwekuguma kwekubatanidza uye chinhambwe pakati penzvimbo. (Mufananidzo 1) Yakabatanidzwa bhora revhavha yerutivi rwekusimudza rudzi Kutanga kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuongorora mukugadzirwa kwekugadzira ● Kemikari yakagadzirwa Isati yakanda, kuumbwa kwechoto chimwe nechimwe kunoongororwa ne spectral analyzer, uye kuumbwa kunokodzera kusati kwakanda ● Metallography, mechanical properties parameters, kuoma. ◆ Heat kurapwa (austenitic Stainless simbi CF8, CF8M, CF3M uye dzimwe yakasimba mhinduro kurapwa; Pashure normalizing kabhoni simbi), metallographic ongororo inoitwa uye metallographic mapikicha vasara. Vasina kukodzera kwete kutendeuka kurongeka ◆ Pakukanda, choto chega chega chine 2 mitsara yekuedza uye 2 zvimedu zvekuedza (nezvakafanana zvigadzirwa zvechoto zvine nhamba imwechete yechoto yekutsvaga kutonga), mushure mekupisa kupisa -- (Mufananidzo 2) maviri-chidimbu bhora valve ① Imwe yetsvimbo yekuyedza yakatorwa kuti iite bvunzo dzekusimba nemuchina wekuyedza kuwana michina ine chekuita nema paramita: kusimba kwesimba, goho simba, kurebesa, kuderedzwa kwenzvimbo ② Imwe yezvienzaniso yakaedzwa neBrinell hardness tester kuti iwane kuoma kweHB kukosha; Kana zvichidikanwa, cheka kuita zvimedu zvekuyedza zvine simba rekuyedza muchina bvunzo bvunzo, kuti uwane kukosha kwekukanganisa (3) Iyo yasara 1 bvunzo tsvimbo uye 1 test block yekuchengetera, pamwe neiyo bvunzo yakaparadzwa 1 test tsvimbo uye test block uye furnace material analysis test block yakasungirirwa pamwe chete, yakachengetwa muyedzo tsvimbo yekuchengetera rack kwemakore maviri (Mufananidzo 3) yakasanganiswa bhora revhavha yepamusoro yekuisa mhando ● Electrostatic test Mushure mekugadzira vharafu uye kusati kwaitwa kumanikidzwa bvunzo, munzvimbo yakaoma, shandisa mita yepasirese kuti uedze kushorwa kwe12 VDC, maererano ne API608 kuramba ≤10 ohms (Cherechedza: Kumhanya-mhanya kuburikidza nemvura mukati mepombi, kukwesha kuri nyore kugadzira magetsi akamira, nekuti yekuvharisa magetsi, chigaro chakapfava, senge PTFE pombi insulation bhora vharafu uye vharafu. muviri, inokonzeresa yenzvimbo yemagetsi kusimuka kana kudzika, nyore kuburitsa njodzi kana spark, saka inofanirwa kuve nedhizaini ye conductive antistatic concentration mudziyo, API608 mitemo pakati pevharuvhu hunde uye vharafu muviri wekupikisa conductor inofanira kunge iri pasi pe10 Ω) Yakaderera torque kukosha. Mushure me6Kg/cm2 air pressure test yevhavha, kukosha kwe torque yevharuvhu kunowanikwa ne torsion mita munzvimbo yakachena uye isina mafuta ● Hupenyu Hupenyu hwese chigadzirwa chitsva chakagadzirwa, kana muviri wevhavha, chivharo chevhavha, chigaro chevharuvhu, tsinga yevharuvhu uye. kurongedza bhokisi rekugadzira saizi dhizaini shanduko, kana chigaro chevharuvhu, kurongedza zvinhu shanduko, ichashandisa hupenyu hwekuyedza muchina kuita bvunzo yehupenyu Valve kusarudzwa matanho ● Hunhu uye mabasa makuru evharuvhu anopfupikiswa muTafura 11 uye Tafura 12 ● Zita dhayamita kana kuyerera - tarisa kubhuku remugadziri kuti usarudze dhayamita yevharuvhu yakakodzera ● Kudzvanywa kwakayerwa -- tembiricha -- Tarisa Tafura 3: Yakatemerwa kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yesimbi -- tafura yetembiricha ● Mavharuvhu terminal fomu -- ona chikamu chapfuura (FIG. 4) Vatatu-chidimbu bhora vharafu ● Valve chimiro zvinhu -- ngura kuramba, tembiricha. Tarisa Tafura 4: tembiricha muganho wevharuvhu yeimba yekusarudza zvinhu; Tafura 5: Muganho wekushisa weakakosha fittings emavharuvhu; Tafura 6: tafura yekudzivirira kuora kwezvinhu zvesimbi; Tafura 7: Rondedzero yekudzivirira kukurwa kwezvinhu Tafura 8: Zvishandiso zvechigaro zvakapfava zvinoshanda tembiricha ● Fomu yevhavha yevhavha -- kukiya mazino musanganiswa rudzi; Bolted type; Circumferential welding type; Pressure seal; Kusanganisa kusanganisa ● Zvinodiwa zvechimiro -- zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwetembiricha, nzvimbo dzakasiyana, uye zvakakosha zvinodiwa ■ Dziviriro yemoto uye anti-static dhizaini. Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune dhizaini nekushandiswa kwemavharuvhu ebhora ■ Kuwedzerwa dhizaini yebhoneti. Inoshandiswa muvharuvhu yekufirijisa kuburitsa gasi rakanyunguduka ■ Ruzha uye cavitation kudzikira. Kunyanya dhizaini nekushandiswa kwemavharuvhu ekudzora ■ Reference dhizaini yebhegi rekuwedzera rinopesana nekuputira kuvuza. ● Operation mode -- ona akati wandei anotsanangurwa muchikamu 1.1 pamusoro. Kazhinji inogumira kune yekumisikidza nharaunda, kushanda, mamiriro ekushanda kana nguva, uye magetsi, emagetsi drive mudziyo kufunga; Asi nekuda kwehupfumi uye kusimba kwevhiri remaoko kana giya rekudzikisira, richiri kushandiswa nevanhu vazhinji. Tafura 11 General valve maitiro Zvikonzero uye kuchengetedzwa kwechikamu chevharuvhu kutadza Kurongedza kudonha Chikonzero chedambudziko ● Sarudzo yezadza haina kunaka, uye iyo inoparadza svikiro, tembiricha, kudzvanywa hakuchinji. ● Kuisa kurongedza hakuna kunaka, kunyanya kurongedza kwese mukutenderera kutenderera, kuri nyore kugadzira kuvuza. ● Kuzadza kupfuura nguva yekushandiswa, kwave kukwegura, kurasikirwa kwekunaka. ● Nhamba isina kukwana yekutakura zvindori. ● Stem processing accuracy kana kupera kwepamusoro hakuna kukwana, kana ellipticity, kana notch. ● Kushanda kusina kunaka, simba rakawandisa. Nzira dzekuchengetedza ● Filler zvinhu uye mhando inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nemamiriro ekushanda. ● Kuzunungusa, mudzi wekoiri unofanira kuiswa uye kudzvinyirirwa kumativi ose, kubatanidzwa kunofanira kuva 30 kana 45. ● Kuchembera uye kukanganisa kurongedza kunofanira kuchinjwa munguva. ● Filler inofanira kuiswa maererano nenhamba yakatarwa yekutendeuka. ● Tevera mitemo yekushanda, kunze kwekukanganisa rudzi rwevhiri remaoko, rine yunifomu yekumhanya uye kushanda kwesimba. ● Gland bolts inofanira kusimbiswa zvakafanana uye symmetrically. ● Gasket haishingirire mukuora, high pressure, vacuum, tembiricha yakakwira kana yakaderera. ● Kushanda hakusi kutsetseka, kunokonzera kumanikidzwa kwevhavha, kushanduka kwekushisa. ● Gasket compression simba haina kukwana. ● Kuungana kusina kunaka kwegasket, simba risina kuenzana. ● Gasket surface rough, yakasanganiswa nezvinhu zvekunze. Nzira dzekuchengetedza ● Gasket zvinhu zvinofanira kusarudzwa maererano nemamiriro ekushanda. ● Nyatsogadzirisa, kushanda zvakanaka. ● Mabhaudhi anofanira kusimbiswa zvakaenzana uye akaenzana. ● Gasket gasket inofanira kuva yunifomu simba, gasket haibvumirwi kuputika uye kushandisa kaviri gasket. ● Ngwarira kuchenesa paunenge uchiisa gaskets, uye chenesa nzvimbo yakavhara neparafini. Kudonhedza panzvimbo yekuvharisa nei ● Nzvimbo yekuvharisa haina kuenzana uye haigone kuumba tambo yakasimba. ● Dzimba nekuvhara zvikamu zvekubatanidza nzvimbo yakarembera, yakatwasuka kana kupfeka. ● Kukotama kwetsinde kana kusangana hakuna kunaka, zvekuti zvikamu zvekuvhara zvakatsveyama. ● Kusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwekuvhara pamusoro pezvinhu, kuvhara pamusoro pekuora, kuputika, kupfeka. ● Kutarisa uye kurapwa kwekupisa kwete maererano nemitemo yekushanda, kupera, kuora, kuputika, nezvimwewo. ● Chisimbiso chinoputika kubva. Nzira dzekuchengetedza ● Kuisa chisimbiso pamusoro pekukuya, maturusi ekukuya, abrasive agent kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika, mushure mekukuya kuongorora kwemavara, kuvhara pasi pasina indentation, kuputika, kuputika uye zvimwe zvikanganiso. ● Nzvimbo yepamusoro yekubatana pakati pe stem uye chikamu chekuvhara haisati yasangana nezvinodiwa, inofanira kucheneswa, nzvimbo yepamusoro inofanira kunge ine imwe nzvimbo yekushanda, iyo axial clearance pakati pe stem shoulder uye chikamu chekuvhara haisi pasi pe2. mm. ● Rongedza uye bhenda hunde, gadzirisa tsinde, stem nut, zvikamu zvekuvhara, chigaro pane imwe axis. ● Kusarudzwa kwekusagadzikana kwekuora, kusagadzikana kweabrasion uye mamwe maitiro anoenderana nemamiriro ekushanda kwechisimbiso chepamusoro. ● High tembiricha vharafu, mushure mekuvhara kutonhora shrinkage inoratidzika seam yakanaka, mushure mekuvhara nguva yeimwe nguva yekuvhara zvakare. ● Kuti abvise vheji yevhavha, asingabvumirwi kushandisa throttle valve, kuderedza valve, kuvhara zvikamu zvinofanira kunge zvakazaruka zvakakwana kana zvakakwana zvakavharwa nzvimbo, kana zvichidiwa kugadzirisa kuyerera kwepakati uye kudzvinyirira, inofanira kuiswa zvakasiyana throttle valve uye kuderedza valve. ● Nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso isingagoni kugadziriswa inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva. Kuvhara chidimbu kubva nei ● Kushata kushanda, kuitira kuti zvikamu zvekuvhara zvakanamatira kana kupfuura kupfuura nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa, kukuvara kwemajoini kuputsika. ● Zvikamu zvekuvhara hazvibatanidzi zvakasimba, zvakasununguka uye zvinowa. ● Nyaya yekubatanidza haina kunaka, haigoni kumira nekuora kwepakati uye mechanical kupfeka. Nzira dzekuchengetedza ● Kuti ushande zvakanaka, kuvhara valve haigoni kuva yakaoma, kuzarura valve haigoni kudarika nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa, valve yakazaruka zvakakwana, handwheel inofanira kuchinjwa zvishoma. ● Kubatana pakati pezvikamu zvekuvhara nedzinde kunofanira kuva kwakarurama uye kwakasimba, uye hapafaniri kuva nezvikamu zvekudzoka pakubatanidza shinda. ● Zvisungo zvinobatanidza zvikamu zvekuvhara uye chivharo chevhavha chinofanira kumira kuparara kwepakati, uye kuva nehumwe simba remagetsi uye kupfeka kusagadzikana, zvikamu zvekuvhara zvinowira pasi kunyange zvisingawanzoitiki, asi ine ngozi zvikuru. Dzinde harina kuchinjika nei ● Dzinde revharuvhu uye zvikamu zvaro zvinofananidzwa zvine kuderera kwekugadzira machining uye kudiki kwazvo clearance. ● Matemo edzinde, stem nut, bracket, gland uye kurongedza hazvisi mumutsara wakatwasuka. ● Kurongedza kwakanyanyisa. ● Dzinde rakakombama uye rakakuvadzwa. ● Thread haina kuchena kana kuita ngura, kushambidzika kwemafuta. ● Nzungu dzakasununguka, shinda inotsvedza waya. ● Kubatana pakati pehunde yevharuvhu uye mudziyo wekutumira wakasununguka kana kukuvadzwa. Nzira dzekuchengetedza ● Kuvandudza kururamisa kwekugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa hutano hwe stem uye stem nut, kuitira kuti kucheneswa kuve kwakakodzera. ● Dzinde regungano uye zvigadziriso, kucheneswa kunoenderana, kutenderera, kutenderera kutenderera. ● Kurongedza kwakanyanyisa, zorodza gland zvakanaka. ● Kukombama kwetsinde kunofanira kugadziriswa, kwakaoma kururamisa, kunofanira kutsiviwa. Shandisa dzinde nesimba rekuvhara rakakodzera. ● Shinda, shinda dzestem nut dzinowanzo chenesa uye kuwedzera mafuta ekuzora, kuitira kuti mavharuvhu awedzere kupisa, anofanira kuzorwa nepini yedisulfide kana kuti graphite poda pakuzora. ● Stem nut yakasununguka inofanira kugadziriswa, haigoni kugadziriswa munguva yekutsiva. ● Itai kuti mafuta emuti agare akatsetseka, mafuta akanaka, usawanzoshandisa valve, kutarisa nguva dzose uye kushanda kwehunde, yakawanikwa kupfeka uye kuruma chiitiko, kugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera stem nut, bracket nezvimwe zvinhu. ● Kuti ishandise valve nemazvo, simba rekuvhara rinofanira kunge rakakodzera kudzivirira kushanduka kwedzinde uye kukanganisa. ● Mushure mekuvhara, kana vharafu ichipisa uye ichiwedzerwa, mushure mokunge vheji yavharwa, pane imwe nguva, shandura ruoko rwechiwachi zvishoma kuti udzivise hunde kubva pakuurayiwa. , Kubuda kwemuviri nebhoneti nei ● Muviri wevharuvhu une jecha gomba kana kutsemuka. ● Valve body tensile crack panguva yekugadzirisa welding. Nzira dzekuchengetedza ● Nzvimbo inofungidzirwa kuti yakatsemuka ichakwenenzverwa, ine 4% nitric acid solution etching, sepakatsemuka inogona kuratidzwa. ● Chenura kana kuti tsiva mutswe.