Ukwamkelwa kwevalve yepayipi, uvavanyo loxinzelelo, Ufakelo kunye nemiba efuna ukuhoywa Yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kufakwa isivalo sombhobho?
Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yamanzi, iivalve zizinto zokulawula indima yazo ephambili kukwahlula izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho, ukulawula ukuhamba, ukuthintela ukubuya umva, ukulawula nokukhupha uxinzelelo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba komoya, amanzi, umphunga, zonke iintlobo zemithombo yeendaba ezonakalisayo, udaka, i-oyile, isinyithi esilulwelo kunye nemithombo yeendaba ene-radioactive. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokubhobhoza ukukhetha eyona valve ifanelekileyo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko ke, ukuqonda iimpawu zevalve kunye nokukhethwa kwamanyathelo evalve kunye nesiseko kubaluleke kakhulu.
Iivalvu
Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yamanzi, iivalve zizinto zokulawula indima yazo ephambili kukwahlula izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho, ukulawula ukuhamba, ukuthintela ukubuya umva, ukulawula nokukhupha uxinzelelo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba komoya, amanzi, umphunga, zonke iintlobo zemithombo yeendaba ezonakalisayo, udaka, i-oyile, isinyithi esilulwelo kunye nemithombo yeendaba ene-radioactive. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokubhobhoza ukukhetha eyona valve ifanelekileyo ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoko ke, ukuqonda iimpawu zevalve kunye nokukhethwa kwamanyathelo evalve kunye nesiseko kubaluleke kakhulu.
Imisebenzi emi-4 yevalve yombhobho
Okokuqala, nqumla kwaye ukhulule i-medium
Lo ngumsebenzi osisiseko wevalve, ngokuqhelekileyo ukhetha i-valve yokudlula ngokuthe tye, ukuchasana kwayo ukuhamba kuncinci.
Ivalve evalekileyo eya ezantsi (ivalve yeglowubhu, ivalve yeplunger) ngenxa yendlela yayo yokuqukuqela, ukuchasana nokuqukuqela kuphezulu kunezinye iivalve, ngoko ke kukhethwe kancinci. Iivalvu ezivaliweyo zingasetyenziswa apho ukuchasana kokuhamba okuphezulu kuvunyelwe.
Okwesibini, lawula ukuhamba
Ivalve ekulula ukuyilungisa idla ngokukhethwa ukulawula ukuhamba. Iivalvu ZOKUVALA eziya ezantsi (ezifana neevalvu zeglowubhu) ZIYIFANELE LE NJONGO KUBA Ubungakanani besitulo BULINGANISELELE NE-STROKE OF SHUTOFF.
IIVAVAVA ezijikelezayo (i-PLUG, ibhabhathane, iivalve zeBHOLA) kunye ne-FLEXURE BODY VALVES (I-PINCH, i-DIAPHRAGM) ZIKHONA UKULAWULWA OKUTHUKUTHELA, kodwa NGOKUQHELEKILEYO KUPHELA kuluhlu olulinganiselweyo lwe-valve DIAMETERS.
I-VALVE yesango YIsango elimilise idiskhi kwizibuko lesihlalo esisetyhula ukwenza intshukumo enqamlezileyo, ikufutshane kuphela kwindawo evaliweyo, inokulawula ngcono ukuhamba, ngoko ayiqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa kulawulo lokuhamba.
Okwesithathu, ukutshintshwa kwe-shunt
Ivalve inokuba nemijelo emithathu okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwimfuno yokubuyisela umva kunye nokujika. Iivalve zeplagi kunye nebhola zifaneleke ngakumbi kule njongo, kwaye ngoko ke, iivalve ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela umva kunye nokuguqula zikhethwa njengenye yezi valve.
Nangona kunjalo, KWEZINYE IZIXHOBO, ezinye IINTLOBO ZEVAVAVA ZINOKUSETYENZISWA NJENGEZIPHUMULI ZOTHUTHO, NGOKUBA AMAVAVAVU AMABINI okanye ANGAPHEZULU aqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo enye kwenye.
4. Phakathi kunye namasuntswana amisiweyo
Xa i-medium ngamasuntswana amisiweyo, ** ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwamacandelo okuvala ecaleni kwendawo yokutywina yevalve etyibilikayo enentshukumo yokusula.
Ukuba UKUVALWA KUNQUMILE EMVA NAPHAMBI KWESIHLALO, AMANQAKU ANOKUBANJISWA, NGOKO LE VALIVI IFANELE KUPHELA I-MEDIA ECOCEKILEYO NGOKUPHANDLE NGAPHANDLE KOKUBA UMSEBENZI WOKUtywina UVUMELEKILE UKUBA AMANQAKU ANGABHINWE. Iivalve zebhola kunye neeplagi zeplagi zisula indawo yokutywina ngexesha lokuvula nokuvala, ngoko ke zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwimidiya kunye neengqungquthela ezimisiwe.
Ivalve yombhobho njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yenkqubo. Umgangatho wofakelo lwevalve yombhobho umisela ngokuthe ngqo ukufezekiswa okulungileyo kwemisebenzi enxulumene nenkqubo yenkqubo. Awona makhonkco olawulo aphambili olawulo lwayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1, ukuhlolwa kwevalve kunye nokwamkelwa
1.1 Ukuhlolwa kwenkangeleko yevalvu: akukho pores, trakoma, iintanda kunye nomhlwa kumzimba wevalvu; Isiqu asigobi, isiganeko somhlwa, intambo yesikhondo igudile, icocekile ngaphandle kocingo olwaphukileyo; Idlala ngokulungileyo, ukujikeleza okuguquguqukayo kwesondo lesandla; Umphezulu wokutywina we-Flange ngaphandle kwemikrwelo, iipockmarks, njl.; Uqhagamshelo lomsonto kwimeko entle; Umjelo we-welding ofanelekileyo. Inombolo yebit yeValve, uxinzelelo kunye nezinye iiparamitha zihambelana noyilo.
1.2 Ukuhlolwa kwamaxwebhu: Amaxwebhu abandakanya ikakhulu: isicwangciso somgangatho, ubungqina bezinto eziphathekayo, imizobo eyakhiweyo, iirekhodi zovavanyo, iincwadana zokugcinwa, iimfuno zokugcina, kunye nesatifikethi sokuthotyelwa. Izivalo ezingahambelaniyo ziya kuba namaxwebhu ahambelanayo okukhutshwa kwemiqathango kunye neepleyiti zokuzazisa zequmrhu ezingangqinelaniyo.
2. Iimfuno zokugcina i-valve kunye nokugcinwa kwayo
Gcina i-valve yokungena kunye ne-outlet ivaliwe kwaye ubeke i-desiccant, ithathe indawo rhoqo ngokwemiyalelo ye-desiccant. Qinisekisa iqondo lobushushu, ukufuma kunye neemfuno zokusingqongileyo zogcino ngokwamaxwebhu ogcino lwevalvu. Kwiivalvu zensimbi engenasici, qaphela ukuba ukhethe izinto zokusonga ezingeyo-halogen. Iivalvu kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zigcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokugcinwa.
3, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwevalvu
Ngenxa yokuba i-valve yenziwe iqokobhe, isihlalo kunye novavanyo lokuvala uxinzelelo ngaphambi kokushiya umzi-mveliso, yenza kuphela uvavanyo lokuvala lwevalve kwisiza. Ngomda kunye nomlinganiselo wokuqinisekiswa, umgangatho wesizwe we-GB50184-2011 uchaza umlinganiselo wovavanyo loxinzelelo lwentsimi, imigangatho yangaphandle ayinayo imfuneko. Ngokuqhelekileyo umniniyo uzimisele ngokujonga umgangatho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamava kwinqanaba lokuvelisa i-valve, kwaye i-valve ngokubanzi kufuneka ivalwe nge-100% kwintsimi.
3.1 Iimfuneko zovavanyo oluphakathi: indawo yokuvavanya ivalvu ngamanzi; Sebenzisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo omgangatho wamanzi ngokococeko lwenkqubo; Nangona kunjalo, xa i-valve esebenzayo iyigesi, i-medium yokuvavanya ikhethwa ukusebenzisa umoya owomileyo ongenawo ioli okanye i-nitrogen, kwaye inokutshintshwa ngoxinzelelo lwamanzi.
3.2 Ukuzimisela koxinzelelo lovavanyo lokuvala: Iimfuno zokuvala uxinzelelo lovavanyo lwee-valve kwi-GB/T13927-2008 kunye ne-ASME B16.34 kunye ne-MSS-SP-61 ziyafana. UXINEZELEKO LWE-HYDROSTATIC TEST NGU-1.1 AMAXESHA OKUREYIWEYO UXINEZELEKO LOHLANGANO LOXINEZELEKO lwe-valve ngo-100OF, OKANYE UVAVANYO LWE-PRESSUSE NGAPHANTSI KWE-80psi LUNOKUSETYENZISWA endaweni yoko. Xa i-valve NAMEplate IMAKIWE NGOMHLUKO OMKHULU WOMSEBENZI WOKUSEBENZA OKANYE UMSEBENZI WOKUSEBENZA wevalve ayifanelekanga uvavanyo loxinzelelo oluphezulu loxinzelelo, Uxinzelelo lovavanyo lunokuqhutywa ngokwamaxesha angama-1.1 omehluko omkhulu woxinzelelo oluphawulwe ngoxinzelelo iplate yevalvu.
3.3 Ukuvavanywa kweziphumo zovavanyo: Inkcazo yovavanyo lokuvala ivalve ifuna kuphela uvavanyo oluhlala ixesha elifutshane, kwaye akukho mfuneko ikhethekileyo yokuvala uvavanyo olungekho ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-5 ekusebenzeni ngokwenene. I-valve evalwe ngezinto eziguquguqukayo ayiyi kuba nokuvuza okubonakalayo kwaye akukho xinzelelo loxinzelelo lwe-gauge yoxinzelelo ngexesha lokubamba uxinzelelo. Kumacandelo oYilo lwevalvu EVUMELA UKUVUZA, I-USSS IYAKUMLINGANISA NGOKUNQOPHELELE UKUVUZA NGEYITITHI NGEXESHA NGEYITITHI OKANYE ISEBENZISE INANI LAMAQHINGA OKANYE AMAQHWA AMANZI NJENGOKO KUCHAZWA KUXINEZELO lwe-MSS-SP-61. Ukuvuza IS kunxulumene nedayamitha yegama levalve. Imfuno yokuvuza yomgangatho wesizwe iyafana naleyo yomgangatho waseMelika.
4. Ukufakwa kwevalvu
4.1 Ulwazi lokutshekisha phambi kofakelo: Qinisekisa i-bit number, inombolo yesixokelelwano, uhlobo, inqanaba loxinzelelo kunye nolunye ulwazi kwiqumrhu lempahla ngokolwazi lwevalvu kwimizobo kunye namaxwebhu otshintsho loyilo lwe-***, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isithuba sofakelo kunye nokulandelayo. indawo yokugcina yanele. Ukusebenza kweValve kuyafikeleleka.
4.2 Ukukhuselwa kweValve: Kwiindawo ezisengozini yevalve, ukuchithwa okanye ukukhuselwa okunzima kunokwenziwa ngaphambi kokufakwa. Imibhobho NEZIXHOBO ZOKUFAKWA KWE-valve KUFUNEKA KUTSHINWE KWASETHUBA UKUQINISEKISA UCOCEKO LWANGANGAPHAKATHI UKUTHINTELWA UBUTYWALA KWIMIbhobho NEZIXHOBO EKUBonakalisani umphezulu wokutywina wevalvu.
4.3 Isalathiso sofakelo: Indlela yokuhamba ephawulwe kumzimba wevalvu kufuneka ihambelane necala lokuhamba kwendlela yesistim. Ivalve yokhuseleko kufuneka ixhonywe ngokuthe nkqo. Kwivalve yokukhangela i-lift, inokufakwa kuphela kumbhobho othe tye kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba idiskhi yevalve ime nkqo; Kwiivalvu zokujonga ujingi, gcina umgangatho wephini.
4.4 Ufakelo lwevalvu kunye noqhagamshelo:
Iivalve ze-weld: HLOLA ubungakanani bevalve yevalve, qinisekisa imathiriyeli yevalvu, sebenzisa iWPS echanekileyo. Kwivalve ye-welding ethambileyo, xa i-welding, inokususa umsesane wokutywina emva kwe-welding, i-welding igqityiwe ukubuyisela umsesane wokutywina; Isenokulawulwa ngokuvuleka kwevalvu kunye nobushushu be-welding ngokweemfuno zomenzi. Kwiivalvu ZIFUNA unyango lobushushu phambi nasemva kokuwelda imibhobho eshinyeneyo yealloy eludongeni, nikela ingqalelo kwixabiso elivumelekileyo lobushushu leendawo zangaphakathi zesivalo ngexesha lonyango lobushushu.
I-valve ye-Flange: Khangela ukuba indawo yokutywina ye-flange ayinaziphene kwaye ifom yokutywina kunye nenqanaba loxinzelelo lwe-flange yokudibanisa kufuneka ifane. Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukunyanzela iqela. Iibholiti kufuneka zifakwe ngokukhululekileyo, ziqiniswe ngokulinganayo kunye ne-torque erekhodiweyo. Kwiivalvu eziphezulu zeqondo lokushisa ngaphezu kwe-300, ubushushu buqinisa i-flange kunye nokupakisha iibholithi zedlala phantsi kwemeko eshushu.
Uqhagamshelo lomsonto: ngokuqwalasela ukususwa okufanelekileyo, kungcono ukuseta amalungu aguquguqukayo kuzo zombini iziphelo zevalve, nikela ingqalelo ekukhethweni kwezinto zokutywina intambo, ubhedu, umatshini wentsimbi ophoswe ngamatye angeyontsimbi, umsonto awunakujijwa nawo. iqinile, ukuze ingonakalisi i-valve.
I-5, iingxaki zevalve eziqhelekileyo kunye namanyathelo okulawula
Eyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo kufakelo lwevalvu yendawo kukuvuza kwevalvu. Ezona zizathu ziphambili zezi:
1. Ukucoceka okulambathayo kombhobho kubangela ukuba imizimba yangaphandle ixinge kumphezulu wokutywina wevalvu kwaye yonakalise umphezulu wokutywina;
2, ulawulo lobushushu be-welding alilunganga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isivalo sitshise deformation;
3. Emva kokugqitywa kovavanyo lwe-hydraulic, i-valve ayicocwa kwaye yomiswe ngexesha, okubangelwa ukubola kwevalve;
I-4, ibholiti yokupakisha i-valve ayibotshwanga;
5, ivalve yokupakisha ukusilela kwetywina umonakalo.
Imigaqo ngokubanzi yokufakela
1. Indawo yokufakela i-valve akufanele iphazamise ukusebenza, ukuchithwa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo, umbhobho kunye nomzimba we-valve ngokwawo, ngelixa uqwalasela ukubonakala kwendibano.
2. Kwiivalvu ezikwimibhobho ethe tye, fakela isiqu sevalve ukuya phezulu okanye kwi-engile ethile, musa ukufaka ivili lesandla ezantsi. Ivalve, isiqu kunye nevili lesandla kumbhobho wokuphakama okuphezulu kunokufakwa ngokuthe tye, kwaye ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwevalve kunokuqhutywa ukude ngetsheyini kwindawo ephantsi ethe nkqo.
3. Ulungelelwaniso olulinganayo, lucocekile kwaye luhle; Ivalve ekuphakameni, phantsi kwesiseko sokuvumela inkqubo, i-valve handwheel ukuya kwisifuba sokuphakama ** umsebenzi ofanelekileyo, ngokubanzi i-1.0-1.2m ukusuka emhlabeni ifanelekile, kwaye i-valve stem kufuneka ifakwe ecaleni kwendlela yomqhubi.
4. Ukuphakama komgca ophakathi kweevalve kwi-side-side-side riser kuhambelana ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye umgama womnatha phakathi kwee-handwheels awukho ngaphantsi kwe-100mm; Iivalvu ezikwicala necala kwimigca ethe tye kufuneka zigxadazwe ukunciphisa isithuba semibhobho.
5. Xa ufaka ii-valve ezinzima kwiimpompo zamanzi, abatshintshi bokushisa kunye nezinye izixhobo, izixhaso ze-valve kufuneka zibekwe; Xa i-valve iqhutywe rhoqo kwaye ifakwe ngaphezu kwe-1.8m ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenza, i-platform yokusebenza esisigxina kufuneka inikezelwe.
6. Ukuba kukho uphawu lotolo kumzimba wevalvu, indawo yotolo yindlela yokuhamba kwayo. Xa ufaka ivalve, qaphela ukuba utolo lukhomba kwicala elifanayo nephakathi kwipayipi.
7. Xa ufaka i-valve ye-flange, qinisekisa ukuba ubuso obubini be-flange buhambelana kunye ne-concentric, kwaye ungasebenzisi ii-gaskets ezimbini.
8. Xa ufaka i-valve ene-threaded, i-valve ene-threaded iya kuxhotyiswa ngokuxhamla okuphilayo ukwenzela ukuchithwa lula. Ukusetwa koqhagamshelo oluphilayo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukulungelwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhamba kwamanzi ngevalve kwaye emva koko kuqhagamshelo oluphilayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-25-2022
