Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweeValufa ezahlukeneyo zeShishini
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iivalvu zemizi-mveliso azivavanyelwa amandla asebenzayo, kodwa emva kokulungiswa, umzimba kunye nebhonethi okanye ukubola komzimba owonakeleyo kunye nebhonethi kufuneka ivavanyelwe amandla. Kwiivalvu zokhuseleko, uxinzelelo lwabo rhoqo kunye noxinzelelo lokubuya kunye nolunye uvavanyo luya kuhambelana neenkcukacha zabo kunye nemimiselo efanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwamandla evalvu kunye novavanyo lokutywina lwevalvu kufuneka lwenziwe kwibhentshi yovavanyo lwevalve hydraulic phambi kofakelo lwevalvu. Iivalve eziphantsi koxinzelelo kufuneka zihlolwe i-20% ngokungaqhelekanga, i-100% ngokungafanelekanga, kunye ne-100% ngama-valve aphakathi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Amanzi, i-oyile, umoya, umphunga, initrogen kunye neminye imithombo yeendaba edla ngokusetyenziswa kuvavanyo loxinzelelo lwevalvu. Iindlela zovavanyo loxinzelelo lweevalvu ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso ezineevalve zepneumatic zezi zilandelayo:
1. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lweGlobe Valve kunye ne-Throttle Valve
Uvavanyo lwamandla eglowubhu kunye neevalvu ze-throttle ngokuqhelekileyo zibeka iivalve ezidibeneyo kwindawo yokuvavanya uxinzelelo, vula i-disc, ifake i-medium kwixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye ukhangele ukuba umzimba kunye nesigqubuthelo siyabila kwaye sivuza. Uvavanyo lwamandla lunokuthi lwenziwe kwisiqwenga esinye. Uvavanyo lokutywina lwenziwa kuphela kwiivalvu zeglowubhu. Ngethuba lovavanyo, i-stem ye-valve ye-globe ikwimeko ethe nkqo, i-disc ivula, i-medium ingeniswa ukusuka phantsi kwe-disc ukuya kwixabiso elimiselweyo, kwaye i-filler kunye ne-gasket ihlolwe. Xa ufanelekile, i-disc ivaliwe kwaye enye isiphelo ivuliwe ukujonga ukuba kukho ukuvuza. Ukuba uvavanyo lwamandla kunye nokutywinwa kwevalve kufuneka lwenziwe, uvavanyo lwamandla lunokwenziwa kuqala, ngoko uxinzelelo lunokuthotywa kwixabiso elichaziweyo lovavanyo lokutywinwa ukujonga i-filler kunye ne-gasket, kwaye emva koko uvale i-disc ye-valve kwaye vula indawo yokuphuma ukuze ukhangele ukuba umphezulu wokutywina uyavuza.
2. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve yeSango
Uvavanyo lwamandla evalve yesango luyafana nolo lwevalve yeglowubhu. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokutywinwa kovavanyo lweevalvu zesango.
(1) Isango livuliwe ukuphakamisa uxinzelelo kwivalve kwixabiso elimiselweyo; emva koko uvale isango kwaye ngokukhawuleza ususe ivalve yesango. Khangela ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwiindawo zokutywina kumacala omabini esango okanye utofe isixhobo sovavanyo ngokuthe ngqo kwiplagi ekwisigqubuthelo ngokwexabiso elimiselweyo, kwaye ujonge iindawo zokutywina kumacala omabini esango. Le ndlela ingentla ibizwa ngokuba luvavanyo loxinzelelo oluphakathi. Le ndlela ayifanelekanga uvavanyo lokutywinwa kweevalvu zesango kunye nedayamitha yegama elingaphantsi kwe-DN32mm.
Enye indlela kukuvula isango ukwenzela ukuba uxinzelelo lovavanyo lwevalve lukhuphuke kwixabiso elichaziweyo; emva koko uvale isango kwaye uvule icala elinye lepleyiti eyimfama ukujonga ukuba indawo yokutywina iyavuza. Jika intloko yakho emva kwaye uphinde ezi mvavanyo zingentla ude ube ufanelekile.
Uvavanyo lokutywinwa lokuzalisa kunye ne-gasket yevalve yesango ye-pneumatic kufuneka iqhutywe phambi kovavanyo lokutywinwa kwesango.
3. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve yeBhola
Uvavanyo lwamandla evalve yebhola ye-pneumatic kufuneka lwenziwe kwi-half-open state of ball valve sphere.
(1) Uvavanyo lokutywinwa kwevalve yebhola edadayo: ivalve ikwimeko evulekileyo, esinye isiphelo singeniswa kwindawo yovavanyo, esinye isiphelo sivaliwe; ibhola ijikeleziswa ngamaxesha amaninzi, i-valve ikwimeko evaliweyo, isiphelo esivaliweyo sivuliwe ukujonga, kunye nokusebenza kokutywinwa kwe-filler kunye ne-gasket ihlolwe ngexesha elifanayo, akukho kuvuza kuvunyelwe. Emva koko i-medium yokuvavanya yaziswa ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuphinda umfuniselo.
(2) Uvavanyo lokutywinwa kwevalve yebhola esisigxina: phambi kovavanyo, ibhola ijikeleziswa izihlandlo ezininzi ngaphandle komthwalo, kwaye ivalve yebhola esisigxina ikwimeko evaliweyo, ukusuka kwelinye icala lovavanyo ukuya kwixabiso elimiselweyo; ukusebenza kokutywinwa kokuphela kwesingeniso kuhlolwe nge-gauge yoxinzelelo, ukuchaneka kwayo i-0.5-1 ibakala, kwaye uluhlu lokulinganisa luyi-1.6 amaxesha oxinzelelo lovavanyo. Ngaphakathi kwexesha elimiselweyo, akukho nto ye-hypotension ifanelekile; ke i-test medium yaziswa ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuphinda olu vavanyo lungentla. Emva koko, i-valve ikwi-semi-open state, zombini iziphelo zivaliwe, kwaye i-cavity yangaphakathi igcwele phakathi. Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lovavanyo, i-filler kunye ne-gasket kufuneka ihlolwe ngaphandle kokuvuza.
(3) Iivalvu zebhola ezinendlela ezintathu kufuneka zivavanyelwe ukutywinwa kuzo zonke iindawo.
4. Uxinzelelo lweNdlela yoVavanyo lweCock Valve
Xa uvavanyo lwamandla lwe-valve ye-cock luqhutyelwa, i-medium ingeniswa ukusuka kwelinye icala, ezinye iindlela zivaliwe, kwaye iiplagi zijikelezwa kuzo zonke izikhundla zokusebenza ngokulandelelana. Akukho kuvuza kufunyenwe kumzimba wevalvu ukuba ube nesiqinisekiso.
(2) Kuvavanyo lokutywinwa, umqhagi othe tye kufuneka ugcine uxinzelelo kumngxunya olulingana nolo lwetshaneli, jikelezisa iplagi kwindawo evaliweyo, jonga ukusuka kwelinye icala, emva koko ujikelezise iplagi nge-180 degrees ukuphinda iplagi. uvavanyo olungentla; ivalve ye-cock yeendlela ezintathu okanye ezine kufuneka igcine uxinzelelo kwi-cavity ilingana naleyo ekupheleni kwesinye setshaneli, kwaye ujikeleze iplagi kwindawo evaliweyo ngokulandelelana. Uxinzelelo lungeniswa kwi-angle efanelekileyo kwaye luhlolwe ngexesha elifanayo ukusuka kwelinye icala.
I-oyile yokuthambisa engeyiyo i-asidi ebhityileyo ivumelekile ukuba igqunywe kumphezulu wokutywina phambi kwebhentshi yovavanyo yevalve yeqhude. Akukho kuvuza kunye namathontsi amanzi awandisiweyo afunyenwe ngexesha elichaziweyo. Ixesha lovavanyo lwevalve yeqhude linokuba lifutshane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo yimizuzu eyi-1-3.
I-valve yeqhude yegesi iya kuvavanywa ukuqina komoya kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwamaxesha angama-1.25.
5. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve yeButterfly
Uvavanyo lwamandla evalve yebhabhathane yepneumatic luyafana nolwevalve yeglowubhu. Uvavanyo lokutywinwa kokusebenza kwevalve yebhabhathane kufuneka lungenise uvavanyo oluphakathi ukusuka ekupheleni kokuhamba okuphakathi, ipleyiti yebhabhathane kufuneka ivulwe, enye isiphelo kufuneka ivalwe, kwaye uxinzelelo lwenaliti kufuneka lufikelele kwixabiso elimiselweyo; emva kokukhangela i-filler kunye nezinye izitywina ngaphandle kokuvuza, i-butterfly plate kufuneka ivalwe, enye isiphelo kufuneka ivulwe, kwaye isitywina se-butterfly plate kufuneka sihlolwe ukuba sifanelekile ngaphandle kokuvuza. Izivalo zebhabhathane ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi azinakuvavanywa ukusebenza kokutywinwa.
6. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve Diaphragm
Uvavanyo lwamandla evalve ye-diaphragm lwazisa i-medium ukusuka nakweyiphi na isiphelo, ivula i-disc, kwaye ivale esinye isiphelo. Xa uxinzelelo lovavanyo luphakama kwixabiso elichaziweyo, umzimba we-valve kunye nekhava uya kufaneleka ngaphandle kokuvuza. Emva koko uxinzelelo lwehliselwa kuxinzelelo lovavanyo lokutywinwa, idiski ye-valve ivaliwe, esinye isiphelo sivulwa ukuze sihlolwe, kwaye akukho kuvuza okufanelekileyo.
7. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve yokuHlola
Jonga imeko yovavanyo lwevalve: phakamisa i-valve ye-disc axis i-perpendicular kwindawo ethe tye; jingi i-valve yeshaneli ye-axis kunye ne-disc axis ziphantse zingqamane nomgca othe tye.
Kuvavanyo lwamandla, i-medium yokuvavanya ifakwe kwi-inlet end ukuya kwixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye enye isiphelo ivaliwe ukuze ibone ukuba umzimba we-valve kunye nekhava zifanelekile ngaphandle kokuvuza.
Uvavanyo lokutywinwa lwazisa uvavanyo oluphakathi kwindawo yokuphuma, kwaye luhlola umphezulu wokutywina ekupheleni kokungenisa. Akukho kuvuza kwi-filler kunye ne-gasket ifanelekile.
8. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve yoKhuseleko
Uvavanyo lwamandla evalve yokhuseleko, njengezinye iivalve, luqhutywa ngamanzi. Xa uvavanya inxalenye engezantsi yomzimba we-valve, uxinzelelo lungeniswa kwi-inlet I = ndiyaphela kwaye indawo yokutywina ivaliwe; xa uvavanya inxalenye ephezulu ye-valve yomzimba kunye nesigqubuthelo, uxinzelelo luyaziswa ukusuka kwi-outlet El end kunye nezinye iziphelo zivaliwe. Umzimba wevalve kunye nekhava zifanelekile ngaphandle kokuvuza ngexesha elichaziweyo.
(2) Uvavanyo lokutywina kunye novavanyo oluqhubekayo loxinzelelo, ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa okuphakathi: ivalve yokhuseleko lomphunga egcwele umphunga njengendlela yokuvavanya; i-ammonia okanye ezinye iivalvu zegesi ezisetyenziselwa umoya njengendlela yokuvavanya; amanzi kunye nezinye iivalvu ezingamanzi ezingadlekiyo zisetyenziswe ngamanzi njengendawo yovavanyo. I-nitrogen idla ngokusetyenziswa njengendawo yokuvavanya iivalvu zokhuseleko kwezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo.
Uvavanyo lokutywinwa lwenziwa ngexabiso eliqhelekileyo loxinzelelo njengoxinzelelo lovavanyo, lulandelwa ngamaxesha angaphantsi kwesibini, kwaye akukho kuvuza ngaphakathi kwexesha elichaziweyo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubona ukuvuza: enye kukutywina umdibaniso wevalve yokhuseleko, kwaye utywine iphepha elincinci kwi-El flange ngebhotela, evuzayo kwaye ayifaneleki; enye kukutywina ipleyiti ebhityileyo yeplastiki okanye enye ipleyiti kwindawo esezantsi yeflange yokuthumela ngaphandle ngebhotolo, kwaye utywine idiski yevalve ngamanzi, ukuze kujongwe ukuba amanzi akadubuli ukuze afaneleke. Uxinzelelo lwevalve yokhuseleko rhoqo kunye namaxesha ovavanyo loxinzelelo lokubuya angekho ngaphantsi kwamaxesha ama-3, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabaqeqeshiweyo.
Iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kweevalve zokhuseleko zinokufumaneka kwi-GB/T 12242-1989 indlela yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwevalve yokhuseleko.
9. Indlela yoVavanyo loxinzelelo lweValve yokuNcitshiswa koxinzelelo
(1) Uvavanyo lwamandla eevalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo ludla ngokudityaniswa emva kovavanyo lwesiqwenga esinye, kwaye lunokudityaniswa emva kovavanyo. Ubude bexesha lovavanyo lwamandla lwaluyi: lmin nge-DN 150 mm yaba ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-3.
Emva kokuba i-bellows idibene kunye namacandelo, uvavanyo lwamandla lwenziwa ngomoya kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-1.5 amaxesha e-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
(2) Uvavanyo lokutywina luya kwenziwa ngokweyona ndlela yokusebenza. Xa uvavanywa ngomoya okanye ngamanzi, uvavanyo lwenziwa ngamaxesha angama-1.1 ukunyanzeliswa kwegama, kwaye xa kuvavanywa nge-steam, kuxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo ekusebenzeni kwiqondo lokushisa. Umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo lokungena kunye noxinzelelo lokuphuma akukho ngaphantsi kwe-0.2 MPa. Indlela yokuvavanya ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: emva kokulungelelaniswa koxinzelelo lwe-inlet, i-screw yokulungelelanisa i-valve ilungiswa ngokuthe ngcembe ukwenzela ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-outlet lutshintshe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuqhubekayo kuluhlu oluphezulu kunye nobuncinci, ngaphandle kwe-stagnation kunye nokuvalwa. Kwii-valve zokukhulula i-steam, xa uxinzelelo lwe-inlet luhlengahlengiswa, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-valve yokuvala i-valve yokuvala iyona ephezulu kwaye iphantsi. Kwimizuzu emi-2, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lokuphuma kufuneka kuhambelane neThebhile 4.176-22. Okwangoku, umthamo wepayipi emva kwevalve kufuneka ifaneleke njengeThebhile 4.18. Kwiivalvu zamanzi kunye nomoya, xa uxinzelelo lwe-inlet luhlengahlengiswa, uxinzelelo lwe-outlet kufuneka luphume. Xa uxinzelelo lwe-orifice luyi-zero, vala ivalve yokukhulula uxinzelelo kuvavanyo lokutywinwa, kwaye akukho kuvuza ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-2 kufanelekile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-19-2019
