Ngokwezinga le-OSHA elilawula ukusebenza kukadoti oyingozi kanye nezimpendulo eziphuthumayo (29 CFR 1910.120), ochwepheshe bezinto eziyingozi bangabaphenduli "abasondela endaweni yokukhululwa ukuze baxhume, bafake, noma bavimbele ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi."Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa endaweni izinga lochwepheshe lidinga ukuhlanganiswa nezinqubo nezinto zokusebenza ezingasetshenziswa ukumisa ukukhishwa ngengozi (okungukuthi, ukuqeqeshwa kokuqukethwe).
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuqeqeshwa kokuqukatha ukunikeza abaqeqeshwayo ukukhululwa okulingiswayo ukuze kubuyiselwe.Ulwazi olulandelayo luchaza amathuluzi amane asetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa kokuqukatha eNyuvesi yase-Alabama e-Birmingham/Center for Labour Education and Research (UAB/CLEAR) Indawo Yomsebenzi Nokuphepha Kwemvelo kanye Uhlelo Lwezempilo.
Zonke izingxenye zemishini echazwe lapha, ngaphandle kwesiqukathi se-chlorine, zitholakala kalula ngemithombo yasendaweni efana nezitolo ze-hardware, abahlinzeki bamapayipi amanzi, nezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezimboni.Ukwakhiwa nokuguqulwa okudingekayo ukuze kudalwe la mathuluzi kuhilela amakhono amancane emishini kanye nezivamile. amathuluzi.Nokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi umfundi unamakhono anele okusebenza futhi angasebenzisa amathuluzi.Ngakho-ke, iziqondiso eziqondile zemisebenzi efana nokuhlanganisa amapayipi noma ukubhoboza nokuthinta ayifakiwe.
Njengazo zonke izinto ezenziwayo, imikhuba emihle yokuphepha kufanele ilandelwe ngokuqinile lapho kwakhiwa imishini yokuqeqesha.Ngokwesibonelo, ukufaka isilinganisi esicindezela isilinda segesi kudinga ukubhoboza nokuthinta udonga oluseceleni lwesilinda segesi.Le nqubo iyodwa ingabandakanya izingozi ezihlukahlukene. , kusukela ezinhlayiyeni ezindiza ziphuma emigodini yokubhoboza ezingalimaza amehlo, ukuya ekuchayekeni kumakhemikhali, umlilo noma ukuqhuma (uma isilinda siqukethe umkhiqizo oyinsalela).Abasebenzi abajwayelene nezinqubo zokuphepha ezifanele kuphela okufanele benze le misebenzi.
Indawo yokubeka ipayipi iyithuluzi elizimele elihlanganiswe emapayipini amanzi.Ipayipi lensimbi elinamagalazi kanye nokufakwa kunconywa ukuze libe namandla, kodwa uma isisindo siwukukhathazeka, ipayipi le-PVC lingasetshenziswa.Ukufakwa kwe-cam lever coupler kuvumela ukususwa kalula ukugcinwa.Into esetshenziswayo ingahlinzekwa ngamanzi kusetshenziswa ipayipi lengadi noma yimuphi omunye umthombo wamanzi ofanelekile.
Amaphuzu okukhulula ahlukahlukene angenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-rack racks ukuze kulingise ukusebenza kokulungisa.Isibonelo, izimbobo ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobujamo zingabholwa, zisikwe noma zigaywe ngamapayipi.Abafundi kuzodingeka balungise lezi zimbobo kusetshenziswa iziqeshana zokulungisa amapayipi noma into efanayo yesikhashana. Ngokufanayo, ukuxhumeka okuxekethile noma okokufakwayo kungabangela ukuvuza.Lokhu kudinga ukuthi umfundi asebenzise isikrufu esifanelekile ukuze aqinise uxhumo ukuze amise ukuvuza.Eminye imithombo yokukhulula ingamiswa ngokuvala ivalvu.
Izinto ezinjengamapayipi amapayipi angasetshenziswa ukufundisa izinqubo ezinhle zokusebenza.Ngokwesibonelo, abafundi bangaboniswa ukuthi ngokubeka isitsha ngaphansi kwe-valve yesango nokuvula i-valve ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi wokulungisa, bangakhawulela iningi lokuchitheka okwenzeka phakathi ukuhlinzwa ngenkathi kunciphisa ingcindezi ekuvuzeni abakulungisayo, ngaleyo ndlela bandise ukunciphisa ukungcola kwabo komuntu siqu.
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ezihlinzekwa ngamadivayisi afana nama-pipe racks ukuguquguquka.Usayizi nohlobo lwamapayipi, okokufaka, nokulimala kwawo kunqunyelwe kuphela izinjongo zokuqeqesha, izimfuneko zabafundi, nomcabango womqeqeshi.Futhi, othisha bangashintsha kalula okokusebenza. .
I-Universal Containment Training Device (eyaziwa nangokuthi “Inunu Evuzayo”) yakhiwe ngethangi le-heater yamanzi kagesi engamalitha angu-30. Lolu cingo ludizayinelwe ukuvumela ukuzijwayeza emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yenjongo evamile yepulaki/isipeshi noma yokulungisa ukuvuza.
Yala abafundi ukuthi balungise ukuvuza kwamanzi uma kwenzeka.Kuhlinzekwa ikhithi ehlanganiswe kusengaphambili lapho kufanele bakhethe khona amathuluzi nezinto zokusebenza zokulungisa.Njengoba ukuvuza okukhona kumiswa, ukuvuza okusha kuzovela njengoba izinga lamanzi likhuphuka. Njengoba i-CLEAR isebenzisa lesi sisetshenziswa, abaqeqeshwayo benza lezi zinqubo ezilandelayo ukulungisa konke ukuvuza:
Faka isiqeshana sokulungisa amapayipi esingu-112″ embotsheni enkulu epayipini lokungena (ivumela amanzi ukuthi agelezele ethangini);
Sebenzisa iketango kanye ne-adhesive yokulayisha ukukhiya i-gasket ne-metal back plate emgodini omkhulu omise ngendlela engavamile eceleni kodonga;
Faka i-valve yesango elivuleke ngokugcwele ekufakweni kwepayipi phezulu ethangini, bese uvala ngokugcwele ivalvu.
Ipayipi eliphakeme kakhulu elixhunywe ethangini liqukethe amabhola e-ping pong ayisithupha. Uma zonke izinyathelo eziyisithupha zenziwe ngendlela efanele, umfudlana wamanzi uzofutha lawa mabhola aphume phezulu epayipini lapho kuvalwa ivalve yesango. Lokhu kusebenza njengenkomba ebonakalayo umphumela oyimpumelelo.
Isilinda se-chlorine esingamakhilogremu angu-150 sangempela sasetshenziswa njengesisekelo somshini.Isilinda sanikelwa ku-UAB/CLEAR ngemva kokuyekiswa ukusebenza komnikezeli wendawo.Amasilinda angacindezelwa, okuvumela abafundi ukuba benze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokulungisa i-chlorine.Amasu achaziwe lapha kungasetshenziswa futhi ukucindezela iziqukathi zamathani.
Isilinda sicindezelwa ngomoya ngokufakwa ezindongeni eziseceleni. Lokhu kudinga ukubhobozwa kwembobo ethangini bese kucushwa ukufakwa kwe-NPT okungu-14″.Ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi iziqukathi ebezisetshenziswa ngaphambilini ukugcina izinto eziyingozi ziphelele. ayinalutho ngaphambi kokubhola, ukusika, ukushisela, noma ukwenza noma yimiphi eminye imisebenzi esitsheni.I-CLEAR efanelekile esetshenziswayo ukuxhuma ulayini womoya kusilinda iwukuzungeza kwendawo yonke ngakho ipayipi lihlala likhomba phansi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka.
Ngokucindezela, i-CLEAR isebenzisa isilinda se-SCBA esinikeza umoya cishe ku-2,200 psi. Kwasetshenziswa isilawuli esinezigaba ezimbili ukuze kugcinwe umfutho we-cylinder uku-30 psi. I-“T” endizeni ivumela amasilinda angu-150 lb neziqukathi zethani elingu-1 ukuthi zicindezelwe ukusuka umlawuli ofanayo.Zonke izixhumanisi zifakwe izixhumi ezisheshayo ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokuhlakazeka.Ukusebenzisa isilawuli ukuze unciphise ingcindezi kubalulekile ukunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene nokucindezela.Nokho, ngisho nalapho kucindezelwe, abafundisi bahlale bekhona ngesikhathi semisebenzi yabafundi ukuvimbela abafundi ekuthatheni okungaphephile. izenzo, njengokuma ngqo phambi kwezesekeli nokuziqaqa.
Abafundi basebenza ngababili ukuze balungise i-chlorine. Ngaphambi kokuba iqembu ngalinye lifike, abafundisi esiteshini sokusebenza babeqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona izindawo ezivuzayo ezimbalwa okufanele zilungiswe. ) kanye nokuvula i-valve.Futhi, i-valve yonke ingaxegiswa kancane kusilinda.Abafundi banikezwa ibhodlela lesifutho elinesixazululo esinensipho ukuze balisebenzise ukuze babone ukuvuza.Emisebenzini yangempela yokulungisa i-chlorine, ukugwaza kwefilimu yensipho lapho kuvuza. iphuzu lithatha indawo yokusetshenziswa kwesisombululo se-ammonia ukuze kutholwe ukuvuza.
Abahlanganyeli banikezwa uchungechunge lwezimo eziphuthumayo ze-Chlorine Institute "A" zochungechunge lwezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yokulungisa.Ekuqaleni, basebenzisa amathuluzi anikezwe kukhithi ukumisa ukuvuza endaweni ye-valve ngokuqinisa uxhumano noma ukuvala i-valve.Ngemva kwalokho, umqeqeshi wasusa i-valve. i-outlet cap, wavula i-valve, futhi wayala ithimba ukuthi liqhubeke sengathi liyavuza futhi indlela yangaphambilini ngeke ime.Kuleli qophelo, umfundi kuzodingeka afake i-hood yokuhlanganisa enikezwe nekhithi ethi “A” kusilinda. i-valve.Enye inketho ukuhlomisa isilinda nge-valve eyonakaliswe ngamabomu ukuze umhlangano we-hood udinga ukufakwa.
Isisekelo sedivayisi siyinhloko yebhokisi lebhokisi elifakwe ohlakeni lwensimbi, olufakwe ama-caster, izibambo nezindandatho zokuphakamisa.CLEAR uthenge lo mkhiqizo kumthengisi othengisa izinsiza zokuqeqesha i-chlorine.Lolu cingo okwamanje luxhunywe oketshezini. i-valve kanye nepulaki ye-fusible engezansi ngomugqa wamanzi.
I-valve yesitimu esisetshenziswa sokuqeqesha isiqukathi se-ton icindezeleke ngokufaka umoya ofakwe epayipini lokulahla eliphezulu.Iyunithi icindezelwa umthombo womoya ofanayo kanye nesilawuli njengesilinda esingu-150 lb.
Ikhanda lesiqukathi sethani lisetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo nesilinda esingamakhilogremu angu-150 esisetshenziswa ekuqeqesheni.Okuhlukile okuyinhloko izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zepulaki ze-fusible kanye nesidingo sekhithi ye-Chlorine Institute "B" yokulungisa iziqukathi zamathani.
Ukucatshangelwa okufanayo okuhlobene nezingozi zokucindezela okuxoxwe ngazo ngamasilinda angamakhilogremu angu-150 kusebenza emisebenzini yokuqeqesha ehlanganisa amakhanda ethani.Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanayo ziyadingeka.
Lapho uqeqeshwa ngalezi mishini, njengazo zonke ezinye izikhathi, ukuphepha koqeqeshwayo kufanele kube ukucatshangelwa okubaluleke kakhulu.Isibonelo, lapho ukuqeqeshwa ngomkhumbi onomfutho, ukucindezela kulungiswa ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, oqeqeshwayo uyaxwayiswa, futhi ukuqeqeshwa komkhumbi ocindezelweyo kulungiswa ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, oqeqeshwayo uyaxwayiswa, futhi ofundisayo uqapha ngokucophelela ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi oqeqeshwayo akazibandakanyi ekuziphatheni okungababeka engcupheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingozi zokuphepha endaweni, njengezimo eziphansi ezinodaka, zingase ziphakame lapho eziqeqesha ngezinto ezisekelwe emanzini.
Amathuluzi achazwe lapha ahlukahlukene futhi angasetshenziselwa izivivinyo ezilula zokufundisa amakhono ayisisekelo okuqukatha, kanye nokuzivocavoca okuyinkimbinkimbi okufana nemicimbi yokulingisa.Nokho, noma nini idivayisi efana nalena isetshenziswa ohlelweni lokuqeqesha, izinjongo zokuqeqesha kufanele zibe ngokugcwele. kucatshangelwe.Ayikho kulezi zisetshenziswa ezifanele ukuqeqeshwa ngaphansi kukachwepheshe.
Izimfuneko nazo ziwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Abafundi esifundweni samanje se-UAB/CLEAR sokuvuselela ubuchwepheshe kudingeka ukuba balungise ukuvuza kwezingcezu ezintathu zemishini (imishini yokuqeqesha yokuqukatha yonke indawo, isilinda se-chlorine engu-150-pound, kanye nekhanda lesitsha se-chlorine esiyithani elingu-1) kuyilapho. egqoke isudi Yekilasi B.Izisetshenziswa Zokuzivikela Zomuntu Siqu (i-PPE).Bonke abaqeqeshwayo bathole ukuqeqeshwa kanye nolwazi lokugqoka izinto zokuzivikela uma benza umsebenzi wokulungisa.Kodwa-ke, uma zonke izinjongo ezidingekayo (njengezinqubo zokuqukatha nokusebenzisa i-PPE) zikhandwa ekuqaleni kwesifundo. , izivivinyo ezifanayo zingasetshenziswa ekuqeqeshweni kokuqala kwezinga lochwepheshe.
Imiklamo eminingi yemishini efakwe esihlokweni isebenza ku-UAB/CLEAR amathuluzi nezinto ezitholakala kalula.Lezi zinhlelo ngokuyinhloko zisetshenziswa njengezibonelo futhi zingashintshwa njengoba kudingekile ukuze kuhlanganiswe izingxenye ezitholakalayo futhi kubhekane nemigomo ethile yomqeqeshi.Kuzo zonke izimo, okugcina umgomo ukukhiqiza okokusebenza okuzovumela abaqeqeshwayo ukuba bazilolonge izinhlobo zezinqubo zokuqukatha ezingase zidingeke ngesikhathi somsebenzi ophuthumayo wangempela.n
U-ALAN VEASEY ungumdidiyeli wohlelo loHlelo Lokuvikeleka Kwendawo Yokusebenzela kanye Nokuphepha Kwemvelo kanye Nezempilo oluqhutshwa yiCentre for Labor Education and Research (UAB/CLEAR) eNyuvesi yase-Alabama eBirmingham. Uneziqu zeMasters kwezemfundo futhi njengamanje uphothula iziqu zeMasters ezifundweni zakhe. Impilo Nokuphepha Emsebenzini.UAB/CLEAR inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kokulungisa indawo yemfucuza eyingozi kanye nezimpendulo eziphuthumayo zezinto eziyingozi futhi isekelwa ngokwezimali yiNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS).
U-ALAN VEASEY ungumdidiyeli wohlelo loHlelo Lokuvikeleka Kwendawo Yokusebenzela kanye Nokuphepha Kwemvelo kanye Nezempilo oluqhutshwa yiCentre for Labor Education and Research (UAB/CLEAR) eNyuvesi yase-Alabama eBirmingham. Uneziqu zeMasters kwezemfundo futhi njengamanje wenza izifundo zeMasters ku Impilo Nokuphepha Emsebenzini.UAB/CLEAR inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kokulungisa indawo yemfucuza eyingozi kanye nezimpendulo eziphuthumayo zezinto eziyingozi futhi isekelwa ngokwezimali yiNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-17-2022
