Ukwakhiwa kwe-valve yamapayipi akukwazi ukwenza izenzo eziyi-14 zokulungiswa kwamapayipi epayipi lepayipi lendle?

Ukwakhiwa kwe-valve yamapayipi akukwazi ukwenza izenzo eziyi-14 zokulungiswa kwamapayipi epayipi lepayipi lendle?

I-Taboo 1: Uma ushisela ipayipi, ukuphela okungalungile kwepayipi ngemva kokuba umbhangqwana ungekho ku-Central Line efanayo, alikho igebe kubhangqa, ipayipi eliwugqinsi lodonga alifosholo, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld kuyakwenza. angahlangabezani nezidingo zekhodi yokwakha. Umphumela: Ukuphela okungalungile kwepayipi akukho emgqeni ophakathi kuthinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi ye-welding kanye nekhwalithi ebonakalayo. Alikho igebe phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili, ipayipi eliwugqinsi lodonga alifosholo, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani nezidingo zezidingo zamandla wokushisela. Izinyathelo: Ngemuva kokushisela ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi alikwazi ukungalungile, ku-Central Line, umbhangqwana kufanele ushiywe igebe, ipayipi lodonga eliwugqinsi ukuya emgodini wefosholo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld kufanele kube ngokuvumelana
Cha-cha 1:
Lapho ushisela ipayipi, ukuphela okungalungile kwepayipi ngemva kokuba umbhangqwana ungekho ku-Central Line efanayo, alikho igebe kubhangqa, ipayipi eliwugqinsi lodonga alifosholo, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangani izidingo zekhodi yokwakha.
Imiphumela:
Ukuphela okungalungile kwepayipi akukho emgqeni ofanayo ophakathi kuthinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi ye-welding kanye nekhwalithi ebonakalayo. Alikho igebe phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili, ipayipi eliwugqinsi lodonga alifosholo, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani nezidingo zezidingo zamandla wokushisela.
Izinyathelo:
Ngemva kokushisela ipheya lepayipi, ipayipi akufanele libe nephutha, futhi kufanele libe ku-Central Line. Igebe kufanele lishiywe kubhangqa, futhi ipayipi eliwugqinsi lodonga kufanele lifakwe ngefosholo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld seam kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngokuvumelana nemininingwane.
Cha-cha 2:
Ezisetshenziswa eziyinhloko, okokusebenza kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ekwakheni, kukhona ukushoda kwemibhalo yokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yobuchwepheshe noma izitifiketi zokufaneleka komkhiqizo ngokuhambisana namazinga amanje kazwelonke noma angamenyezelwa.
Imiphumela:
Ikhwalithi yephrojekthi ayifaneleki, kunezingozi ezifihliwe, azikwazi ukulethwa ngesikhathi, kufanele zibuyiselwe ekulungiseni kwefekthri; Banga ukulibaziseka kwephrojekthi, ukwanda kwabasebenzi kanye nokufaka izinto ezibonakalayo.
Izinyathelo:
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko, okokusebenza kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi kanye nemiklamo yokushisisa nokuthuthwa kwendle kufanele ihlangabezane namazinga amanje akhishwe umbuso noma ungqongqoshe wemibhalo yokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe noma ukuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo; Igama lomkhiqizo, imodeli, ukucaciswa, ikhodi evamile yekhwalithi kazwelonke, usuku lokulethwa, igama nendawo yomkhiqizi, isitifiketi sokuhlolwa noma ikhodi yokulethwa kuzokhonjiswa.
Cha-cha 3:
Izinqubo zokufaka ama-valve, amamodeli awahlangabezani nezidingo zokuklama. Isibonelo, ingcindezi ebizwa ngokuthi i-valve ingaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhlola uhlelo; Lapho ububanzi bepayipi legatsha lokuphakelwa kwamanzi bungaphansi noma bulingana no-500mm, kusetshenziswa i-valve yesango, futhi amapayipi omile namile okushisa kwamanzi ashisayo asetshenziswa njengama-valve anqanyuliwe. Ipayipi lokumunca lephampu yomlilo lisebenzisa ivalve uvemvane.
Imiphumela:
Kuthinta i-valve evamile yokuvula nokuvala futhi ulungise ukumelana, ukucindezela neminye imisebenzi. Ngisho kubangele ukusebenza kwesistimu, ukulimala kwe-valve ngenkani ukulungiswa.
Izinyathelo:
Ujwayelene nobubanzi bokusebenza bazo zonke izinhlobo zama-valve, khetha ukucaciswa kwama-valve namamodeli ngokuya ngezidingo zokuklama. Ukucindezela okulinganiselwe kwe-valve kuzohlangabezana nezidingo zokucindezela kokuhlolwa kwesistimu. Ngokwezidingo zekhodi yokwakha: ububanzi bepayipi lokuhambisa amanzi ngaphansi noma elilingana no-50mm kufanele kusetshenziswe i-valve yokusika; Ama-valve esango kufanele asetshenziswe lapho ububanzi bepayipi bukhulu kuno-50mm. Ukushisa kwamanzi ashisayo okomile, i-valve yokulawula eqondile kufanele isebenzise i-valve yesango, ipayipi lokudonsa umlilo akufanele lisebenzise i-valve uvemvane.
I-Taboo 4:
I-flange ne-gasket yokuxhuma kwepayipi ayinamandla ngokwanele, futhi i-bolt yokuxhuma ifushane noma incane ububanzi. Amapayipi enjoloba asetshenziselwa ukushisa amapayipi, amapayipi e-asbestos asetshenziselwa amapayipi amanzi abandayo, futhi ama-double pads noma ama-bevel pads asetshenziswa nama-flange pads aphumela epayipini.
Imiphumela:
I-Flange joint ayiqinile, noma ilimele, into yokuvuza. I-flange liner iphumela epayipini, okuzokwandisa ukumelana nokugeleza.
Izinyathelo:
Amapayipi amapayipi kanye nama-gaskets kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo zokucindezela kokusebenza komklamo wamapayipi. Ilayini ye-flange yepayipi lokufudumeza kanye nokuphakelwa kwamanzi ashisayo kufanele kube i-asbestos pad yerabha; I-flange gasket yokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nepayipi lokudonsa amanzi kufanele kube i-rubber gasket. I-gasket ye-flange ngeke iqhume ku-tube, futhi nxazonke zayo zangaphandle ukuya emgodini we-bolt we-flange kufanelekile. I-bevel pad noma ama-gaskets amaningana akufanele abekwe phakathi kwe-flange. Ububanzi bebhawodi elixhuma i-flange kufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-2mm kunombobo we-flange. Ubude bentonga yebhawodi eliphumayo kufanele kube ukujiya kwamantongomane. .
Cha-cha 5:
Ipayipi ingcwatshwe ngokuqondile enhlabathini efriziwe kanye nenhlabathi evulekile ngaphandle kokwelashwa, futhi isikhala kanye nesikhundla samapayipi amapayipi akulungile, ngisho nangendlela yesitini sekhodi esomile.
Imiphumela:
Ngenxa yokwesekwa okungazinzile, ipayipi lonakala ngesikhathi sokugaywa kabusha komhlaba, okuholele ekulungisweni kokusebenza kabusha.
Izinyathelo:
Ipayipi NGEKE lingcwatshwe enhlabathini eyiqhwa kanye nomhlabathi oxegekile ongalungisiwe, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinsimbi kuzohlangabezana nezidingo zekhodi yokwakha, futhi umcamelo wokusekela uzoqina, ikakhulukazi endaweni okusebenzela kuyo amapayipi, okungeke kube namandla okugunda. Izinsimbi zezitini kufanele zakhiwe ngodaka lukasimende ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho nokuqina.
No-no 6:
Ekwakhiweni kwasebusika, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibi.
Imiphumela:
Ipayipi laqina ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic.
Izinyathelo:
Zama ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic ngaphambi kwesicelo sasebusika, futhi ushaye amanzi ahlanzekile ngemva kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ikakhulukazi amanzi e-valve kufanele abe *** net, ngaphandle kwalokho i-valve izoba yiqhwa ukuqhekeka. Iphrojekthi kumele yenziwe ekuhlolweni kwe-hydrostatic yasebusika, ukugcina izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lihle, ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi yokuphefumula amanzi. Lapho ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kungenziwa, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngomoya ocindezelwe.
No-no 7:
Amabhawodi okunweba asetshenziselwa ukuvikela izisekelo zamapayipi awezinto ezingaphansi, indawo yokuvula amabhawodi wokunweba inkulu kakhulu, noma amabhawodi okunweba afakwe ezindongeni zezitini noma ezindongeni ezilula.
Imiphumela:
Amapayipi asekela ukuxega, ukuwohloka kwepayipi, noma ukuwa.
Izinyathelo:
Ibhawodi yokunweba kufanele ikhethwe njengomkhiqizo ofanelekayo. Uma kunesidingo, kufanele ithathwe isampula ukuze ihlolwe futhi ihlolwe. Ukuvuleka kwebholidi yokunweba akufanele kube kukhulu kuno-2mm wobubanzi bangaphandle bebhowudi yokunweba.
I-Taboo 8:
I-Butterfly valve flange ene-flange evamile.
Imiphumela:
I-Butterfly valve flange kanye nosayizi ojwayelekile we-flange uhlukile, ububanzi be-flange buncane, futhi i-disc butterfly valve nkulu, okuholela ekutheni ayikwazi ukuvulwa noma kunzima ukuvula umonakalo we-valve.
Izinyathelo:
I-Flange kufanele icutshungulwe ngokuya ngobukhulu bangempela be-butterfly valve flange.
No-no 9:
Musa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okudingekayo ngokwemithethonqubo ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-valve.
Imiphumela:
I-valve switch ayiguquki ekusebenzeni kwesistimu, futhi isenzakalo sokuvuza kwamanzi (i-steam) ayivalwanga ngokuqinile, okuholela ekulungiseni kabusha futhi kuthinte ngisho nokunikezwa kwamanzi okujwayelekile (umusi).
Izinyathelo:
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-valve, ukuhlolwa kwamandla okucindezela nokuqina kufanele kwenziwe. Esivivinyweni, u-10% yenani lenqwaba ngayinye (umkhiqizo ofanayo, ukucaciswa okufanayo, imodeli efanayo) uzohlolwa ngokungahleliwe, futhi hhayi ngaphansi kweyodwa. Ama-valve wesifunda avaliwe afakwe epayipini elikhulu futhi anqunywe kufanele ahlolwe amandla nokuqina ngamunye ngamunye. Amandla e-VALVE nokucindezela kokuhlolwa kokuqina kuzohambisana “Nekhodi Yokwamukela Ikhwalithi Yokwakha Yokuhlinzeka Amanzi Okwakha, Ukukhipha Impahla Nobunjiniyela Bokushisa” (GB 50242-2002).
No-no 10:
Azikho izimbobo ezigodliwe kanye nezingxenye ezishunyekiwe ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sokwakha, noma ubukhulu bezimbobo ezigodliwe zincane futhi izingxenye ezishunyekiwe azimakwa.
Imiphumela:
Enkambweni yokwakhiwa kokushisa nokuthuthwa kwendle, isakhiwo sokwakha siyathathwa futhi sikhishwe, futhi ngisho nensimbi eqinisiwe iyanqunywa, ethinta ukusebenza kokuphepha kwesakhiwo.
Izinyathelo:
Yazi imidwebo yokwakha yobunjiniyela bokushisa nokukhucululwa kwendle, ubambisane ngenkuthalo nezimbobo ezigodliwe kanye nezingxenye ezishumekiwe ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zokwakha ngokuya ngezidingo zokufakwa kwamapayipi nama-hangers asekelayo, futhi ubheke izidingo zokuklama kanye nokucaciswa kokwakhiwa ukuze uthole imininingwane.
Taboo 11:
Indle, amanzi emvula, ipayipi le-condensate awakwenzi ukuhlolwa kwamanzi avaliwe kuzokwenza ukufihla.
Imiphumela:
Ingabangela ukuvuza kwamanzi, futhi ibangele ukulahlekelwa kwabasebenzisi.
Izinyathelo:
Ukuhlolwa kwamanzi avaliwe kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kwamukelwe ngokuhambisana nezimfuneko. Ingcwatshwe ngaphansi komhlaba, ngaphakathi kosilingi, phakathi kwamapayipi nezinye indle emnyama, amanzi emvula, ipayipi le-condensate ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuvuza.
Taboo 12:
Indlela yokufaka i-valve ayilungile. Isibonelo, i-valve ye-globe noma i-valve yokuhlola amanzi (i-steam) isiqondiso sokugeleza siphambene nophawu, isiqu se-valve sifakwe phansi, ukufakwa okuvundlile kwe-valve yokuhlola kufakwe ngokuqondile, i-valve yesango lenduku noma isibambo se-butterfly asivuliwe. , isikhala esivaliwe, isiqu se-valve asibheke emnyango wokuhlola.
Imiphumela:
Ukuhluleka kwevalvu, ukushintshwa kwezinkinga zokulungisa, ukushona kwe-valve kuvame ukubangela ukuvuza kwamanzi.
Izinyathelo:
Faka NGOKUQINILE ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokufaka i-valve, ukuphakama okuvulekile kwesiqu se-valve isandiso senduku evulekile yonyawo lwe-valve yesango, i-valve uvemvane cabangela ngokugcwele isikhala sokuzungezisa sesibambo, zonke izinhlobo zesiqu se-valve azikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kunendawo evundlile, ingasaphathwa-ke eyokuthi phansi. I-valve efihliwe hhayi kuphela ukusetha ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuvula nokuvala zomnyango wokuhlola, ngesikhathi esifanayo isiqu se-valve kufanele siqondiswe kumnyango wokuhlola.
Taboo 13:
Uma ukuhlolwa kwamandla okucindezela kwamanzi nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwesistimu yamapayipi, bheka ukuguqulwa kwevelu yokucindezela kanye nezinga lamanzi, futhi uhlole ukuvuza akwanele.
Imiphumela:
Ukuvuza kwenzeka ngemva kokusebenza kohlelo lwamapayipi, okuthinta ukusetshenziswa okuvamile.
Izinyathelo:
Ukuhlolwa kwamanzi avaliwe kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kwamukelwe ngokuhambisana nezimfuneko. Ingcwatshwe ngaphansi komhlaba, ngaphakathi kosilingi, phakathi kwamapayipi nezinye indle emnyama, amanzi emvula, ipayipi le-condensate ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuvuza.
Taboo 14:
Ngaphambi kokuqedwa kokukhishwa kwesistimu yamapayipi akukona okubi kakhulu, izinga lokugeleza nesivinini akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokushaywa kwamapayipi. Ngisho nokukhipha amanzi okuhlola amandla okucindezela kwamanzi esikhundleni sokuwasha.
Imiphumela:
Izinga lamanzi alihlangabezani nezidingo zokusebenza kwesistimu yamapayipi, ngokuvamile futhi libangela ukuncishiswa kwesigaba samapayipi noma ukuvinjwa.
Izinyathelo:
Hlanza ngezinga lokugeleza kwejusi eliphezulu kakhulu ohlelweni noma izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi elingekho ngaphansi kuka-3m/s. Umbala wamanzi nokukhanyela kwendawo yokuphuma kufanele kuhambisane nombala wamanzi nokungafihli kwamanzi okungena njengoba kufaneleke ngokuhlola okubonakalayo.
I-valve yamapayipi esiteshi samanzi angcolile igcinwa kanjani?
Q: I-valve yamapayipi esiteshi sokuthuthwa kwendle igcinwa kanjani?
A: Isiteshi sendle bekukhona yonke inhlobo yamapayipi, amapayipi omoya, amapayipi endle, nawo anepayipi lendle, amanye abekwe phansi, amanye abekwe ngaphansi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kumele aqinisekise ukuthi ipayipi liyahamba, ikakhulukazi ebusika. , hlola njalo amapayipi angaphandle, isikhathi sokuvala amanzi ajikijelwe komoya epayipini, akukho ukusebenza kwepayipi lendle namapayipi amanzi odaka ukuze akhiphe ipayipi. Ungalivimbi ipayipi lamanzi aphilayo, ipayipi lamanzi elifile lingenalutho, amanzi epayipi lomoya njalo.
Ipayipi yokuthuthwa kwendle yokuhlanza ipayipi, ipayipi le-sludge, emva kokufakwa, ukwenza ukwelashwa kwe-thermal insulation, ikakhulukazi i-valve ukugxila ekushiseni okushisayo, ukuze kungabi yiqhwa ebusika.