Indlela Yokuhlola Ingcindezi Yamavalvu Ahlukahlukene Wezimboni
Ngokuvamile, amavalvu ezimbonini awahlolelwa amandla asebenzayo, kodwa ngemva kokulungiswa, umzimba kanye nebhonethi noma umzimba owonakele kanye nebhonethi kufanele kuhlolwe amandla. Kumavalvu okuphepha, ukucindezela kwawo okungaguquki kanye nengcindezi yokubuyisela nokunye ukuhlola kuzohambisana nencazelo yawo kanye nemithethonqubo efanele. Ukuhlolwa kwamandla e-valve kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvala i-valve kufanele kwenziwe ebhentshini lokuhlola i-valve hydraulic ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-valve. Ama-valve anengcindezi ephansi kufanele ahlolwe ngo-20% ngokungahleliwe, amaphesenti angu-100 ngokungafaneleki, futhi ahlolwe ngu-100% ngamavalve aphakathi nendawo naphezulu. Amanzi, uwoyela, umoya, umusi, i-nitrogen neminye imidiya evame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni komfutho we-valve. Izindlela zokuhlola ingcindezi zamavalvu ahlukahlukene ezimboni anama-pneumatic valves zimi kanje:
1. Indlela Yokuhlola Ingcindezi ye-Globe Valve ne-Throttle Valve
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla wamavalvu embulunga kanye ne-throttle ngokuvamile kubeka ama-valve ahlanganisiwe endaweni yokuhlola ingcindezi, uvule i-disc, ujove okuphakathi nenani elishiwo, futhi uhlole ukuthi umzimba nekhava ziyajuluka futhi ziyavuza. Ukuhlolwa kwamandla nakho kungenziwa ngocezu olulodwa. Ukuhlolwa kokuvala kwenziwa kuphela kuma-valve embulunga. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, isiqu se-valve ye-globe sisesimweni esiqondile, i-disc ivula, i-medium yethulwa kusukela phansi kwe-disc kuya kwenani elinqunyiwe, futhi i-filler ne-gasket ihlolwe. Uma ifaneleka, i-disc ivaliwe futhi enye ukuphela iyavulwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza. Uma ukuhlolwa kwamandla nokuvalwa kwe-valve kuzokwenziwa, ukuhlolwa kwamandla kungenziwa kuqala, khona-ke ukucindezela kungenziwa kwehliswa inani elishiwo lokuhlolwa kokuvala ukuze kuhlolwe i-filler ne-gasket, bese uvala i-valve disc futhi vula i-outlet ukuze uhlole ukuthi indawo yokuvala iyavuza.
2. I-Pressure Test Method of Gate Valve
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwe-valve yesango kuyefana nalokho kwe-valve yembulunga. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlola ukuvala ama-valve wesango.
(1) Isango livulwa ukuze kukhushulwe ingcindezi kuvalvu ibe yinani elinqunyiwe; bese uvala isango bese ususa ngokushesha i-valve yesango. Hlola ukuthi ingabe kukhona ukuvuza ezindaweni zokuvala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zesango noma faka i-test medium ngqo kupulaki esembozweni inani elinqunyiwe, bese uhlola izindawo zokuvala izinhlangothi zombili zesango. Indlela engenhla ibizwa ngokuthi i-intermediate pressure test. Le ndlela ayifanele ukuhlolwa kokuvala ama-valve wesango anobubanzi obuncane obungaphansi kwe-DN32mm.
Enye indlela ukuvula isango ukuze ukucindezela kokuhlola kwe-valve kukhuphuke kunani elishiwo; bese uvala isango bese uvula ingxenye eyodwa yepuleti eliyimpumputhe ukuze uhlole ukuthi indawo yokuvala iyavuza yini. Buyisa ikhanda lakho emuva bese uphinda izivivinyo ezingenhla uze ufaneleke.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvala uphawu kokugcwalisa kanye ne-gasket ye-valve yesango lomoya kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuvala isango.
3. I-Pressure Test Method ye-Ball Valve
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwe-valve yebhola yomoya kufanele kwenziwe esimweni esivulekile se-ball valve sphere.
(1) Ukuhlolwa kokuvaleka kwe-valve yebhola elintantayo: i-valve isesimweni esivuleke kancane, indawo eyodwa yethulwa endaweni yokuhlola, enye ivaliwe; ibhola lijikeleziswa izikhathi eziningana, i-valve isesimweni esivaliwe, ukuphela okuvaliwe kuvulwa ukuze kuhlolwe, futhi ukusebenza kokuvalwa kwe-filler ne-gasket kuhlolwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho ukuvuza okuvunyelwe. Bese kwethulwa indlela yokuhlola ukusuka komunye umkhawulo ukuze kuphinde ukuhlolwa.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokuvala i-valve yebhola engaguquki: ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, ibhola lizungeziswa izikhathi eziningana ngaphandle komthwalo, futhi i-valve yebhola engaguquki isesimweni esivaliwe, ukusuka kwelinye icala lendawo yokuhlola ukuya enanini elinqunyiwe; ukusebenza kokuvala isiphetho sesingeniso kuhlolwa nge-gauge yokucindezela, ukunemba okuyibanga le-0.5-1, futhi ububanzi bokulinganisa izikhathi ezingu-1.6 zokucindezela kokuhlola. Ngaphakathi komkhawulo wesikhathi esinqunyiwe, akukho mkhuba we-hypotension ofanelekile; bese kuthi i-test medium yethulwe ukusuka komunye umkhawulo ukuze iphinde isivivinyo esingenhla. Khona-ke, i-valve isesimweni esivulekile, zombili iziphetho zivaliwe, futhi i-cavity yangaphakathi igcwele medium. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhlola, i-filler ne-gasket kufanele ihlolwe ngaphandle kokuvuza.
(3) Ama-valve amabhola amathathu kufanele ahlolwe ukuze avale kuzo zonke izindawo.
4. I-Pressure Test Method ye-Cock Valve
Lapho ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwe-valve yeqhude kwenziwa, okuphakathi kwethulwa kusukela ekugcineni, ezinye izindlela zivaliwe, futhi amapulaki ajikeleziswa kuzo zonke izikhundla zokusebenza ngokulandelana. Akukho ukuvuza okutholakala emzimbeni we-valve ukuze ufaneleke.
(2) Ekuhlolweni kokuvala uphawu, iqhude eliqondile kufanele ligcine ukucindezela endaweni elingana naleyo esesiteshini, lizungezisa ipulaki liye endaweni evaliwe, lihlole ukusuka komunye umkhawulo, bese lizungezisa ipulaki ngamadigri angu-180 ukuze liphinde ukuhlolwa okungaphezulu; i-valve yeqhude yezindlela ezintathu noma ezine kufanele igcine ukucindezela emgodini olingana nalokho ekugcineni kwesiteshi, bese uzungezisa ipulaki endaweni evaliwe ngokushintshana. Ukucindezela kwethulwa kusuka ekhoneni elilungile futhi kuhlolwe ngesikhathi esifanayo ukusuka komunye umkhawulo.
Amafutha okuthambisa angeyona i-asidi azacile avunyelwe ukugcotshwa endaweni evalekayo phambi kwebhentshi lokuhlola i-valve yeqhude. Akukho ukuvuza namaconsi amanzi akhulisiwe atholakala phakathi nesikhathi esishiwo. Isikhathi sokuhlola sevalve yeqhude singaba sifushane. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi obujwayelekile buyimizuzu engu-1-3.
Ivalve yeqhude yegesi izohlolelwa ukucinana komoya ngengcindezi yokusebenza izikhathi eziyi-1.25.
5. I-Pressure Test Method ye-Butterfly Valve
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla evalve uvemvane womoya kuyefana naleyo yevalve yeglobhu. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokuvala i-valve ye-butterfly kufanele kuthule i-medium yokuhlola kusukela ekupheleni kokugeleza okuphakathi, ipuleti ye-butterfly kufanele ivulwe, enye ingxenye kufanele ivalwe, futhi ukucindezela komjovo kufanele kufinyelele inani elinqunyiwe; ngemva kokuhlola i-filler nezinye izimpawu ngaphandle kokuvuza, ipuleti ye-butterfly kufanele ivalwe, enye ingxenye kufanele ivulwe, futhi uphawu lwepuleti ye-butterfly kufanele luhlolwe ukuze lufaneleke ngaphandle kokuvuza. Amavalvu ovemvane asetshenziselwa ukulawula ukugeleza awakwazi ukuhlolwa ukusebenza kokuvala.
6. Indlela Yokuhlola Ingcindezi ye-Diaphragm Valve
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwevalve ye-diaphragm kwethula okuphakathi kusuka kunoma yimuphi umkhawulo, kuvula idiski, futhi kuvale omunye umkhawulo. Lapho ingcindezi yokuhlola ikhuphukela enanini elishiwo, umzimba we-valve kanye nesembozo kuzofaneleka ngaphandle kokuvuza. Khona-ke ingcindezi yehliselwa ekucindezelweni kokuhlolwa kokuvala, i-disc ye-valve ivaliwe, enye indawo ivuliwe ukuze ihlolwe, futhi akukho ukuvuza okufanelekile.
7. I-Pressure Test Method ye-Check Valve
Hlola isimo sokuhlolwa kwe-valve: i-axis ye-valve yokuhlola isheke i-perpendicular endaweni evundlile; i-axis yeshaneli yokuhlola i-swing kanye ne-disc axis cishe zihambisana nomugqa ovundlile.
Esivivinyweni samandla, indawo yokuhlola yethulwa ukusuka ekugcineni kwe-inlet kuye kunani elishiwo, futhi omunye umkhawulo uvaliwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umzimba we-valve nesembozo zifanelekile ngaphandle kokuvuza.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvaleka kwe-sealability kwethula indlela yokuhlola kusukela lapho kuphuma khona, futhi kuhlola indawo yokuvala ekugcineni kokungenisa. Akukho ukuvuza ku-filler kanye ne-gasket kufanelekile.
8. Indlela Yokuhlola Ingcindezi Yevalvu Yokuphepha
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwe-valve yokuphepha, njengamanye ama-valve, kwenziwa ngamanzi. Lapho kuhlolwa ingxenye engezansi yomzimba we-valve, ukucindezela kwethulwa kusuka ku-inlet I = ngiyaqeda futhi indawo yokuvala ivaliwe; lapho kuhlolwa ingxenye engenhla yomzimba we-valve kanye nesembozo, ukucindezela kwethulwa kusukela ekuphumeni kwe-El end kanti ezinye iziphetho zivaliwe. Umzimba we-valve nesembozo zifanelekile ngaphandle kokuvuza phakathi nesikhathi esibekiwe.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokuvala kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi engaguquki, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa okuphakathi: iveluvu yokuphepha yesitimu egcwele isitimu njengesisetshenziswa sokuhlola; i-ammonia noma amanye ama-valve egesi asetshenziswa umoya njengendawo yokuhlola; amanzi kanye namanye ama-valve oketshezi angagqwali asebenzisa amanzi njengendawo yokuhlola. I-nitrogen ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlola yamavalvu okuphepha kwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvala uphawu kwenziwa ngevelu yengcindezi yokulinganisa njengokucindezela kokuhlola, okulandelwa izikhathi ezingekho ngaphansi kwezimbili, futhi akukho ukuvuza phakathi nesikhathi esishiwo esifanele. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola ukuvuza: enye iwukuba uvale inhlanganisela yevalvu yokuphepha, bese uvala iphepha elincanyana ku-El flange ngebhotela, elivuzayo futhi elingafaneleki; enye iwukuvala ipuleti lepulasitiki elincanyana noma elinye ipuleti engxenyeni engezansi yeflange yokuthekelisa ngebhotela, bese uvala idiski yevalvu ngamanzi, ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi amanzi awabibi yini ukuze afaneleke. Ukucindezela okungaguquki kwe-valve yokuphepha kanye nezikhathi zokuhlola ingcindezi yokubuyisela ezingekho ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-3, zihlangabezana nezidingo zabaqeqeshiwe.
Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kokusebenza kwamavalvu okuphepha kungatholakala ku-GB/T 12242-1989 indlela yokuhlola ukusebenza kwevalvu yokuphepha.
9. Indlela Yokuhlola Ingcindezi Yokunciphisa I-Valve
(1) Ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwamavalvu okusiza ukucindezela kuvame ukuqoqwa ngemva kokuhlolwa kwesiqephu esisodwa, futhi kungahlanganiswa ngemva kokuhlolwa. Ubude besikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamandla bekungu: lmin nge-DN 150 mm yayingaphezu kwamaminithi angu-3.
Ngemuva kokuthi ama-bellows ashiselwe ngezingxenye, ukuhlolwa kwamandla kwenziwa ngomoya ngokucindezela okukhulu izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kune-valve yokusiza ingcindezi.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokuvala kuzokwenziwa ngokwendlela yokusebenza yangempela. Uma ihlolwe ngomoya noma ngamanzi, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-1.1 zokucindezela okubizwa ngokuthi, futhi lapho kuhlolwa nge-steam, ngokucindezela okuphezulu okuvumelekile okusebenzayo ekushiseni okusebenzayo. Umehluko phakathi kwengcindezi yokungena kanye nengcindezi yokuphuma ayikho ngaphansi kuka-0.2 MPa. Indlela yokuhlola imi kanje: ngemva kokulungisa ingcindezi yokungena, isikulufu sokulungisa se-valve silungiswa kancane kancane ukuze ingcindezi yokuphuma ingashintsha ngokuzwela nangokuqhubekayo ebangeni eliphezulu nelincane, ngaphandle kokuma nokuvinjwa. Kuma-valve okusiza umusi, lapho ukucindezela kwe-inlet kulungiswa, ingcindezi yokuphuma kwe-valve yokuvala iphezulu futhi iphansi kakhulu. Kungakapheli imizuzu emi-2, ukwanda kokucindezela kokuphuma kufanele kuhambisane neThebula 4.176-22. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umthamo wepayipi ngemuva kwevalvu kufanele ifaneleke njengeThebula 4.18. Ngama-valve okusiza amanzi nomoya, lapho ukucindezela kwe-inlet kulungiswa, ukucindezela kokuphuma kufanele kuphume. Uma i-orifice pressure inguziro, vala ivalvu yokukhulula ingcindezi ukuze uhlolwe, futhi akukho ukuvuza phakathi kwemizuzu emi-2 okufaneleka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-19-2019
