Matsalolin gama gari na dumama tanderu aminci bawul ɗin ƙofar bawul Binciken Tushen ilimin aminci bawul

Matsaloli na yau da kullun na dumama tanderan aminci bawul ɗin bawul ɗin Bawul ɗin Bawul Binciken Ilimin asali na bawul ɗin aminci 1. Gabatarwa Bawul ɗin Tsaro shine bawul ɗin ƙofa mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci, ana amfani da shi don nau'ikan tasoshin matsa lamba da isar da bututu, lokacin da matsa lamba na aiki a cikin tsarin damuwa ya wuce daidaitattun daidaito. darajar, yana iya buɗewa ta atomatik, abubuwan da suka wuce gona da iri da aka saki a cikin iska, don tabbatar da amincin aiki na tasoshin matsa lamba da isar da bututu, don guje wa faruwar abubuwan da suka faru, Amma lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin tsarin software ya koma baya zuwa matsa lamba ko ɗan ƙasa kaɗan. matsa lamba, zai iya fita ta atomatik. Ayyukan bawul ɗin aminci yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da amincin kayan aiki da amincin mutum, don haka dole ne mu ba da hankali sosai. 2. Tushen dalilai da mafita na matsalolin gama gari na bawul ɗin aminci 2.1, ƙyalli na ƙofa  A ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin, zubar da bawul ɗin piston da bawul ɗin ƙofar matsa lamba a farfajiyar rufewa ya zarce matakin da aka yarda, da yayyowar bawul ɗin aminci ba zai haifar da lalacewar abu kawai ba. Bugu da ƙari, matsakaicin zai ci gaba da zubar da hatimin roba mai wuya za a lalace, duk da haka, shingen shinge na bawul ɗin aminci na yau da kullun duk kayan haɗin ƙarfe ne zuwa kayan ƙarfe, kodayake don yin santsi da tsari, amma yana da matukar wahala a tabbatar da ruwa. yayyo a ƙarƙashin jigon kayan taimako na matsin lamba. Sabili da haka, ga matsakaici shine bawul ɗin aminci na tururi, a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun tsarin matsa lamba, idan ido tsirara ba zai iya gani a ƙofar ƙofar da fita ba, kuma ba zai iya jin yayyo ba, yi tunanin cewa ƙarancin yana cikin layi tare da buƙatun. Gabaɗaya, akwai manyan dalilai guda uku na zubar bawul ɗin ƙofar: Ɗaya daga cikin shari'ar ita ce ragowar datti ta faɗi cikin saman da aka rufe, kuma an rufe saman abin rufewa, wanda ya haifar da tazara tsakanin spool da bawul ɗin ƙofar mai ƙarfi, sannan ƙofar. bawul yayyo. Hanyar da za a cire irin wannan kuskuren na yau da kullum shine fashewa a cikin datti da ragowar a cikin filin rufewa, gabaɗaya a cikin tanderun dumama a gaba don shirya girman girman bututun tukunyar jirgi, na farko don yin gwajin gubar ƙofar aminci, da zarar an same shi. to yoyo tukunyar jirgi hur bututu kuma za'ayi rushewar gyara, idan shi ne bayan tanderun gudanar da gubar gwajin gano cewa aminci kofa yayyo, na iya zama lalacewa ta hanyar irin wannan abu, gubar na iya gudu bayan minti 20 na refrigeration sa'an nan gudu a rudder, wurin rufewa don aiwatar da wanka. Wani halin da ake ciki shi ne lalacewar saman rufewa. Babban dalilan da ke haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar rufewa sune kamar haka: Na farko, abin rufewa ba shi da kyau. Misali, a cikin No. 3 ~ 9 makera main aminci ƙofar saboda shekaru na kiyayewa, babban aminci ƙofar spore da high matsa lamba ƙofar bawul sealing surface da aka yadu nazarin sosai low, sabõda haka, da sealing surface taurin kuma an rage, sakamakon a sakamakon. rage sealing, mafi dace hanyar cire wannan halin da ake ciki shi ne milling saukar da asali sealing surface, sa'an nan kuma bisa ga aikin injiniya zanen sake fesa walda samar da sarrafa, Inganta taurin na sealing surface. Kula da samar da ingancin dole ne a tabbatar a cikin samar tsari, kamar sealing surface fasa, yashi ramukan da sauran shortcomings dole ne a milling saukar bayan samarwa da aiki. Sabuwar bawul ɗin ƙofar matsa lamba dole ne ya dace da ƙa'idodin zane na injiniya. A halin yanzu, aikace-aikace na YST103 duniya karfe waldi sanda fesa walda aiki don yin bawul core sealing surface yana da kyau sosai. Na biyu, ingancin kulawa ba shi da kyau, spool babban matsin ƙofar bawul ɗin niƙa ba zai iya cika ka'idodin ingancin samfurin ba, hanyar da za a kawar da irin wannan kuskuren na yau da kullun shine amfani da hanyar niƙa ko niƙa don gyara saman rufewa gwargwadon matakin. na lalacewa. Wani babban dalilin zubar da bawul ɗin aminci shine shigarwa mara kyau ko girman sassan da suka dace ya yi girma da yawa. A cikin hanyar shigarwa, spool babban matsi na ƙofar bawul ɗin ba daidai ba ne ko kuma akwai ɗigon haske a saman haɗin gwiwa, ko madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙofa na ƙofa mai ƙarfi yana da faɗi da yawa don rufewa. Bincika girman girman da daidaituwa na sharewa a kusa da taron spool, tabbatar da cewa ramin ƙarshen gaba na spool da farfajiyar hatimi iri ɗaya ne, kuma gano ɓarna a ko'ina ba zai iya fitowa daga cikin spool ba; Dangane da zane-zane na injiniya, ya kamata a rage nisa na saman rufewa don cimma madaidaicin hatimi. 2.2 bonding surface leaking man circuit board,  Yana nufin matsalar zubar ruwa a farfajiyar da'irar mai kai tsaye, wanda ke haifar da irin wannan zubewar shine mahimman dalilai masu zuwa: na farko, yanayin haɗin gwiwa na ƙugiya mai ƙarfi bai isa ba. ko m, sakamakon da haɗin gwiwa surface sealing ba shi da kyau sosai. Menene hanyar tsaftacewa don daidaita ƙarfin ƙarfin kulle kulle? Lokacin daɗa ƙugiya na anga, dole ne a aiwatar da shi a cikin hanyar ƙarfafawa bisa ga kusurwar saman. Zai fi kyau a auna sarari daidai a kowane wuri kuma a ɗaure kullin anka har sai bai motsa ba, don sanya farfajiyar haɗin gwiwa wuri ɗaya a kowane wuri. Na biyu, da man kewaye farantin hadin gwiwa surface hakori irin sealing gasket ba ya saduwa da bukatun. Misali, nau'in haƙori sealing gasket axial ɗan tsagi, flatness, nau'in haƙori mai kaifi sosai ko gangara da sauran gazawar zai haifar da hatimi mara inganci. Saboda haka da cewa mai kewaye farantin hadin gwiwa surface yayyo. A cikin kulawa da kula da ingancin sassa, zaɓin daidaitattun haƙoran haƙoran haƙora na iya guje wa irin wannan yanayin. Uku ne mai kewaye farantin hadin gwiwa surface flatness ne sosai matalauta ko wuya saura kushin sakamakon m sealing. Ga madaidaicin farantin haɗin mai da ke haifar da ƙarancin santsi na ɗigowar ruwan da'irar haɗin mai, hanyar cirewa ita ce rushe bawul ɗin ƙofar da sake niƙa saman haɗin gwiwa har sai ya dace da ƙa'idodin samfurin. Saboda ragowar kushin lalacewa ta hanyar rufewa baya aiki, a cikin taron bawul ɗin ƙofar a hankali cire haɗin haɗin gwiwa don hana ragowar faɗuwa a ciki. 2.3, Tushen aminci bawul matsayi Shu babban aminci bawul matsayi Wannan yanayin kuma ana kiransa da kin amincewar ƙofar aminci ta farko. Babban ƙofar aminci yana rufe don amfani da lalacewar tanderun dumama yana da girma sosai, babban haɗari ne na kayan aiki da ke ɓoye, mummunan cutarwa ga amintaccen aiki na injuna da kayan aiki, da zarar an yi amfani da tasoshin matsa lamba da bututun mai a cikin kayan aiki matsa lamba fiye da haka. rated halin yanzu, babban ƙofar aminci ba matsayi ba ne, don haka aikin overpressure yana da sauƙi don haifar da lalacewar injuna da kayan aiki da manyan haɗari na aminci. Kafin yin nazarin manyan dalilan babban ƙofar aminci na ƙin motsawa, da farko bincika ainihin ƙa'idar babban aikin ƙofar aminci. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto na 1 da ke ƙasa, lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin jirgin ruwa ya tashi zuwa dukan matsa lamba na bawul ɗin taimako na motsa jiki, matsayi na bawul ɗin taimako, kayan yana gudana daga akwati zuwa babban ɗakin piston mai aminci na aminci bisa ga bututu, a cikin dakin piston za a dan kara fadada hawan jini, idan iskar gas a dakin piston ya kasance P1, wurin ma'aunin piston ya kai Shs, to f1 yana aiki akan piston shine: F1 = P1 ta Shs... ...................................... (1) Idan matsi na matsakaicin iskar gas a ciki Jirgin ruwa mai matsa lamba shine P2, kuma yanki na maɓallin bawul ɗin shine game da Sfx, to, ƙarfin hulɗar f2 na kayan da ke turawa sama akan ɗigon bawul shine: F2 = P2 x Shx ... (2) Babban taimako bawul piston budewa diamita na bawul core yana da girma, don haka nau'in (1) da (2) nau'in Shs> Sfx  P1 abu P2 Idan an saita torsion spring a matsayin f3 da zamiya gogayya da karfi tsakanin dacewa bangaren da kafaffen bangaren ( yawanci ƙarfin juzu'i mai zamiya tsakanin piston da ɗakin piston) an saita shi azaman fm bisa ga ƙarfin ƙarfi na kujerar bawul akan spool, abin da ake buƙata don aiki na babban ƙofar aminci shine: Sai kawai lokacin da ƙarfin hulɗar f1 yayi aiki akan. piston ya ɗan fi girma, ƙarfin hulɗar f2 da aka yi amfani da shi akan spool don tura shi zuwa sama, juriya na tashin hankali na torsion spring zuwa spool sama bisa ga kujerar bawul f3 da kuma zazzagewar juzu'i tsakanin bangaren motsa jiki da tsayayyen bangaren ( yawanci karfin juzu'i mai zamewa tsakanin piston da piston chamber) fm sum, wato: Babban gate na aminci ana iya sarrafa shi kawai lokacin f1> f2 f3 fm. A aikace, babban ƙin amincewar kofa na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da abubuwa uku masu zuwa: Na ɗaya shine abubuwan wasannin motsa jiki na ƙofar bawul sun makale. Wannan yana iya zama saboda shigarwa mara kyau, datti da ragowar kutse ko yashwar sassa; Santsin ɗakin ɗakin fistan ba shi da kyau, lalacewar ƙasa, tsagi da sauran gazawar da ƙwayar hatsi ta haifar. Ta wannan hanyar, za a faɗaɗa ƙarfin juzu'i mai zamewa tsakanin ɓangaren motsa jiki da ƙayyadaddun abin da ke tsaye. A ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa sauran buƙatun ba su canzawa, f1 Misali, a No. 3 gyare-gyaren tanderu kafin babban zafin jiki na babban ƙofar aminci yana gudana gwajin nauyi, babban ƙofar aminci ya ƙi motsawa. A yayin da ake duba rugujewar da aka yi a lokacin gyaran, an lura cewa akwai tsatsa da ragowa a cikin dakin fistan, kuma fistan ba zai iya motsa jiki a cikin dakin fistan ba, lamarin da ya sa babbar kofar tsaron ta ki motsi. A cikin tsarin kulawa, ana kula da piston, zobe na fadadawa da kuma ɗakin piston tare da rigakafin tsatsa, kuma rashin lahani na ɗakin piston yana ƙasa. Kafin shigarwa, bangon ciki na ɗakin piston yana da lullube da foda mai gubar, kuma an haɗa jikin bawul a cikin tsari mai tsanani. A cikin gwajin matsa lamba na tanderun wuta, ana wanke bututun bugun jini guda ɗaya, sannan an haɗa babban ƙofar aminci tare da bawul ɗin aminci mai ƙarfi, kuma ana sake yin gwajin bawul ɗin aminci yayin da aka gyara tanderun. Komai na al'ada ne. Na biyu, babban amintaccen ƙofar fistan ɗaki yana da girma. Lokacin da ɗigon iska a cikin ɗakin fistan bawul ɗin ƙofar ya yi girma sosai, ƙarfin hulɗar f1 a cikin Formula (1) yana aiki akan fistan ƙarami ne. Dangane da cewa sauran buƙatun ba su canza ba, f1 Muhimmin dalilin da ke haifar da babban ɗigogi a cikin ɗakin fistan yana da alaƙa da hatimin bawul ɗin ƙofar da kanta kuma zoben piston bai dace da ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba ko zoben piston ya lalace sosai don biyan buƙatun hatimi. Misali, 3 ~ 9 makera babban bawul ɗin aminci don ƙimar ingancin buƙatun buƙatun piston zobe ya kamata a zagaye, ratar jihar kyauta ba za ta wuce 14 ba, bayan ratar bakin taro △ = 1 ~ 1.25, piston da piston chamber rata B = 0.12 ~ 0.18, piston zobe da piston chamber rata S = 0.08 ~ 0.12, piston zobe da piston jam'iyya lamba mai kyau, Hasken watsawa kada ya wuce 1/6 diamita. Don ainihin buƙatun a cikin ɗakin piston, zurfin zurfin bututun bututu a cikin dakin piston ba zai wuce 0.08 ~ 0.1mm ba, ovality ɗin sa ba zai wuce 0.1mm ba, matakin mazugi ba zai wuce 0.1mm ba, kuma zai zama santsi. kuma mai ban tsoro. Duk da haka, yayin da ake duba gyaran rushewar, an lura cewa zoben piston, piston da piston ɗakin kowane babban ƙofar aminci na tanderun ba sa bin ka'idodin kulawa. A halin yanzu, sharewa tsakanin zoben piston da ɗakin piston gabaɗaya S≥0.20 ne, kuma ƙarancin farfajiyar ɗakin piston ya fi muni, wanda ke yin tasiri sosai ga ƙarancin tururi na ɓangaren piston, wanda ke haifar da ɗigon tururi mai girma na ɗakin piston. Ana iya kawar da irin wannan gazawar ta: Don magance matsayi na ciki na ɗakin piston, maye gurbin piston da zoben piston waɗanda suka dace da buƙatun, daidaita matakin buɗewa na bawul ɗin taimako a cikin tsarin na'urar aminci mai ƙarfi na bawul ɗin taimako, ƙara adadin. na tururi a cikin babban ɓangaren fistan ɗin aminci, a ƙarƙashin yanayin ba da izini, kuma yana iya ƙara yawan tururi a cikin babban ɗakin fistan ƙofar aminci ta hanyar ɗaga bugun bugun bututun aminci don haɓaka matsayin babban bawul ɗin aminci. Na uku, haɗe-haɗe na babban bawul ɗin aminci da bawul ɗin aminci na motsa jiki ba shi da ma'ana, kuma kwararar tururi na bawul ɗin aminci ya yi ƙanƙanta. Matsakaicin adadin diamita na bawul ɗin aminci mai ƙarfi ya yi ƙanƙanta, yana haifar da raguwar tururi da aka allura a cikin ɓangaren piston na babban bawul ɗin aminci, da ƙarancin ƙarfi f1 don haɓaka motsin fistan ƙasa, wato f1 Wannan shi ne sau da yawa yanayin lokacin da babban bawul ɗin aminci na ƙwanƙwasa aminci bawul ɗin yana da maye gurbin, saboda ba a yi la'akari sosai ba kuma ya haifar da shi. Misali, lokacin da ake gyaran murhu mai lamba 5, ana maye gurbin bawuloli biyu masu nauyi na guduma mai ƙarfi tare da bawuloli biyu na A49H-P54100VDg20 wanda Kamfanin Harbin Valve Factory ya samar. Ana amfani da wannan bawul ɗin aminci gabaɗaya tare da nau'in nau'in bazara na A42H-P54100VDg125. Saka shi da Su samar Dg150 × 90 × 250 irin tsohon babban aminci bawul amfani, irin wannan babban aminci bawul da A29H-P54100VDg125 irin spring irin babban aminci bawul ya fi girma fiye da maras muhimmanci diamita da kuma tightness ne rauni, a cikin No. 5 makera. cikakken ƙarshen bawul ɗin aminci na jihar, aiwatar da jagorar gwajin zuwa babban ƙin amincewa da bawul ɗin aminci. A ƙarshe, za mu rushe bawul ɗin aminci mai motsi, hannun jagora da spool suna yin aiki tare da juna na faɗaɗa tazarar, don haɓaka jimillar wurin ɗaukarsa na yanzu, sake gudanar da jagorar gwaji mai nasara. Don haka bawul ɗin aminci na ƙwanƙwasa da babban haɗin bawul ɗin aminci ba daidai ba ne, ƙimar diamita na ƙima zai haifar da kin babban amintaccen bawul ɗin. 2.4, ƙwanƙwasa aminci bawul na baya wurin zama Shu babban amintaccen bawul ɗin jinkirin lokacin wurin zama ya yi tsayi da yawa Babban dalilan waɗannan kurakuran na yau da kullun sune kamar haka: A gefe guda, girman yayyan ɓangaren piston na babban bawul ɗin aminci, kodayake turu aminci bawul baya wurin zama, amma akwai kuma tururi matsa lamba a cikin bututun da piston jam'iyya ne har yanzu sosai high, inganta piston saukar da karfi ne har yanzu babba, don haka kai ga babban aminci bawul baya wurin zama a hankali, irin wannan na kowa gazawar. fiye da A42Y-P5413.7VDg100 aminci bawul, Saboda wannan nau'i na aminci bawul piston jam'iyya hatimi mai kyau. Hanyar da za a cire irin wannan gazawar ita ce ta hanyar haɓaka digiri na budewa na bawul ɗin taimako da kuma ƙara diamita na ma'auni don warwarewa, digiri na budewa na bawul ɗin taimako da diamita na ma'aunin ma'auni yana ƙaruwa don barin tururi a cikin bututun monopulser da sauri. fitarwa, don rage matsi na aiki a cikin fistan, don haka ana amfani da shi don piston don motsawa ƙasa da ƙarfin motsa jiki da sauri ragewa, Ƙaƙwalwar bawul a cikin tarin kayan tururi a cikin akwatin shayarwa don fitar da ƙarfin tuki kuma babban bawul ɗin aminci da kanta torsion spring don fitar da sama a ƙarƙashin rinjayar tashin hankali da sauri ya koma wurin zama. A gefe guda, saboda rikice-rikice tsakanin abubuwan motsi na babban bawul ɗin aminci da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da aka gyara sun yi girma sosai, babban bawul ɗin aminci kuma zai haifar da jinkirin wurin zama, don magance irin wannan matsala shine babban motsa jiki na motsa jiki na motsa jiki. sassa da ƙayyadaddun sassa na ƙungiyar kula da rata na taro a cikin iyakokin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.