Jerin binciken bawul da taka tsantsan kafin da bayan shigarwa bawul kayan aiki matsakaici bayanin

Jerin binciken bawul da taka tsantsan kafin da bayan shigarwa kayan bawul mai zartarwa matsakaici bayanin Matsalolin gwajin harsashi na bawul ɗin shine sau 1.5 na mafi girman ƙarfin aiki mai izini lokacin da bawul ɗin yana a 20 ℃, kuma gwajin hatimi shine sau 1.1 na babban izinin aiki. matsa lamba a lokacin da bawul ne a 20 ℃. Tsawon gwajin ba zai zama ƙasa da minti 5 ba. Gwajin zafin jiki shine 5 ~ 40 ℃. (4) Tabbatar da bawul ɗin aminci zai kasance daidai da tanadi na ƙa'idodin ƙasa na yanzu da takaddun ƙira don saita daidaitawar matsa lamba da gwajin hatimi. Bawul ɗin aminci ya kamata a yi rikodi da kyau, a rufe, bayar da rahoton duba. (1) Ya kamata a bincika bawul ɗin don ingancin bayyanar kafin shigarwa, jikin bawul ɗin ya kamata ya kasance daidai, tsarin buɗewa ya kamata ya zama mai sassauƙa, bawul ɗin bawul ɗin bai kamata ya zama skewed, nakasa, ƙulla, kuma alamar ta zama cikakke. (2) Ya kamata a gudanar da gwajin matsa lamba na bawul da gwajin hatimi, gwajin matsa lamba na bawul da gwajin hatimi ya zama ruwa mai tsabta kamar matsakaici, gwajin bawul ɗin bakin karfe, abun ciki na ion chloride a cikin ruwa bai kamata ya wuce 25ppm ba. (3) da harsashi gwajin matsa lamba na bawul ne 1.5 sau na ya fi girma yarda aiki matsa lamba a lokacin da bawul ne a 20 ℃, da sealing gwajin ne 1.1 sau na ya fi girma allowable aiki matsa lamba a lokacin da bawul ne a 20 ℃. Tsawon gwajin ba zai zama ƙasa da minti 5 ba. Gwajin zafin jiki shine 5 ~ 40 ℃. (4) Tabbatar da bawul ɗin aminci zai kasance daidai da tanadi na ƙa'idodin ƙasa na yanzu da takaddun ƙira don saita daidaitawar matsa lamba da gwajin hatimi. Bawul ɗin aminci ya kamata a yi rikodi da kyau, a rufe, bayar da rahoton duba. Bawul abu zartar matsakaici bayanin bawul abu zartar matsakaici bayanin: 1, bawul da aka saba amfani da kayan yi (1) Iron (1) Grey simintin ƙarfe: kamar HT200, HT250, da dai sauransu, dace da PN≤16, aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -10 ℃ ~ 100 ℃ man, janar ruwa matsakaici (ruwa, tururi, man fetur kayayyakin, da dai sauransu); PN≤10, aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -10 ℃ ~ 200 ℃ tururi, janar yanayi na gas, gas, ammonia da sauran kafofin watsa labarai (ammonia, barasa, aldehyde, ether, ketone, ester da sauran m m kafofin watsa labarai). Bai dace da hydrochloric acid, nitric acid da sauran kafofin watsa labarai ba. Amma ana iya amfani da shi a cikin sinadarin sulfuric acid, saboda sulfuric acid mai mai da hankali zai iya samar da fim mai tsafta akan saman karfensa don hana lalata simintin ƙarfe ta hanyar sulfuric acid. (2) malleable simintin ƙarfe: kamar KTH350-10, KTH450-06, da dai sauransu, dace da PN≤25, aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -10 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ tsakanin tururi, general Properties na gas da ruwa, man fetur da sauran kafofin watsa labarai. Juriyar lalatarsa ​​yayi kama da baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka. ③ Nodular simintin ƙarfe: kamar QT400-15, QT450-10, da dai sauransu, dace da PN≤25 zafin jiki aiki tsakanin -10 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ tururi, gas da mai da sauran kafofin watsa labarai. Rashin juriya na lalata yana da ƙarfi, zai iya aiki a cikin wani nau'i na sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acid gishiri. Amma ba juriya ga fluoric acid, alkali mai ƙarfi, hydrochloric acid da ferric chloride zafi bayani lalata. Yi amfani da shi don guje wa zafin rana, sanyi kwatsam, in ba haka ba zai karye. (4) nickel simintin ƙarfe: juriya alkali fiye da launin toka simintin ƙarfe, nodular simintin ƙarfe bawul; Simintin simintin nickel shine madaidaicin kayan bawul don tsarma sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid da soda caustic. (2) Carbon karfe Carbon karfe yana da WCA, WCB da WCC, dace da tururi, ba m gas, mai da related kayayyakin da sauran kafofin watsa labarai tare da aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -29 ~ 425 ℃. (3) bakin karfe A 304 jerin bakin karfe ne kullum zartar da aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -196 ℃ ~ 650 ℃ tururi, ba m gas, man fetur da kuma related kayayyakin da sauran kafofin watsa labarai; Lalata media tare da aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -30 ℃ da 200 ℃. Yana da kyakkyawan juriya na iskar gas, juriya ga nitric acid da sauran kafofin watsa labarai na oxidizing, amma har ila yau, alkali, ruwa, gishiri, acid Organic da sauran mahadi masu lalata. Amma ba shi da juriya ga sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid da sauran gurɓataccen acid ɗin da ba oxidizing ba, kuma baya jurewa bushewar hydrogen chloride, oxidizing chloride da oxalic acid, lactic acid da sauran acid Organic. ② A kan tushen 304 da 2% ~ 3% molybdenum 316 jerin bakin karfe, da lalata juriya ne mafi alhẽri daga 304 jerin bakin karfe, shi ne mafi alhẽri daga chromium nickel bakin karfe a cikin wadanda ba oxidizing acid da zafi Organic acid, chloride lalata juriya. fiye da chromium nickel bakin karfe, juriya na lalata yana da kyau. 321, 347 jerin bakin karfe mai dauke da titanium ko niobium yana da karfin juriya ga lalatawar intergranular. ④ Ya ƙunshi high chromium, high nickel 904L jerin bakin karfe, da lalata juriya ne mafi girma daga talakawa bakin karfe, za a iya amfani da su magance sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, gauraye acid, sulfite, Organic acid, alkali, gishiri bayani, hydrogen sulfide, da dai sauransu, har ma ana iya amfani da su a wasu lokuta masu yawan zafin jiki. Amma ba juriya ga maida hankali ko zafi hydrochloric acid, rigar fluorine, chlorine, bromine, aidin, aqua regia lalata. (4) Copper gami Copper gami ne yafi dace da PN≤25, aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -40 ℃ ~ 180 ℃ oxygen, seawater bututu bawuloli, shi yana da kyau lalata juriya ga ruwa, ruwan teku, da dama gishiri mafita, kwayoyin halitta. Yana da kyau juriya ga sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid da tsarma hydrochloric acid ba tare da oxygen ko oxidant, kuma yana da kyau juriya ga alkali. Amma ba shi da juriya ga lalatawar nitric acid, sulfuric acid mai mai da hankali da sauran acid mai oxidizing, kuma ba shi da juriya ga lalata narkakkar karfe, sulfur da sulfide. Guji hulɗa da ammonia, wanda zai iya haifar da damuwa lalata karaya na jan karfe da kuma jan karfe. Ya kamata a ba da hankali ga zaɓi na ƙarfe na jan karfe, juriya na lalata yana da wani bambanci. (5) Aluminum gami Aluminum gami yana da kyau lalata juriya ga karfi oxidizing mayar da hankali nitric acid kuma zai iya jure Organic acid da kaushi. Amma a rage matsakaici, karfi acid, karfi tushe lalata juriya. Mafi tsaftataccen aluminium, zai fi dacewa da lalata, amma ƙarfinsa yana raguwa kuma ana iya amfani dashi kawai don ƙananan bawul ɗin matsa lamba ko labulen bawul. (6) Titanium gami Titanium gami ne yafi dace da PN≤25, aiki zafin jiki tsakanin -30 ℃ ~ 316 ℃ ruwan teku, chloride, oxidizing acid, Organic acid, alkali da sauran kafofin watsa labarai. Titanium karfe ne mai aiki kuma yana iya samar da fim din oxide tare da juriya mai kyau na lalata a dakin da zazzabi. Yana da ikon yin ruwan teku, chloride daban-daban da hypochlorite, chlorine, acid oxidizing, Organic acid, alkali da sauran lalata. Amma baya juriya ga mafi tsaftataccen rage acid, irin su sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid corrosion, amma juriya ga oxidizing acid lalata. Bawul ɗin Titanium yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga zaizayar rami. Amma a cikin jan hayaki nitric acid, chloride, methanol da sauran kafofin watsa labarai zasu haifar da lalatawar damuwa. (7) Zirconium gami Zirconium shima yana cikin ƙarfe mai aiki, yana iya haifar da fim ɗin kusa, yana da juriya mai kyau ga nitric acid, chromic acid, alkali, narkakken alkali, ruwan gishiri, urea, ruwan teku, amma ba hydrofluoric acid ba, mai da hankali. sulfuric acid, aqua regia lalata, kuma baya juriya ga rigar chlorine da oxidizing karfe chloride lalata. (8) Ceramics Ceramic bawul ana ba da fifiko ga tare da haɗin gwiwar silicon dioxide, irin su zirconia, alumina, silicon nitride, da sauransu, ban da samun juriya mai tsayi sosai, juriya mai zafi, aikin rufi, shima yana da babban juriya na lalata. iyawa, ban da oxygen fluorine acid, fluosilicic acid da alkali resistant, na iya zafi mai da hankali nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, aqua regia, gishiri bayani da Organic kaushi kamar matsakaici, kullum shafi PN a layi 6 ko žasa. Irin wannan bawul kamar yin amfani da wasu kayan, lokacin zabar, ya kamata la'akari da juriya na lalata wasu kayan. (9) Fiber Gilashin Ƙarfafa Filastik Juriyar lalatawar FRP ta bambanta da mannewa. Za a iya amfani da Epoxy resin FRP a cikin hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid dilute da wasu kwayoyin acid; Juriya na lalata phenolic fiber ƙarfafa robobi ya fi kyau. Furan FRP yana da juriya na alkali mai kyau, juriya na acid da kuma juriya na lalata, wanda gabaɗaya ya dace da bututun PN≤16. (10) Filastik Filastik bawuloli suna gwada da halin da karfi lalata juriya, kuma ko da karfe bawuloli ba zai iya samun abũbuwan amfãni. Gabaɗaya ya dace da bututun PN≤6, tare da nau'ikan filastik daban-daban, bambancin juriya na lalata yana da kyau. (1) Nailan, wanda kuma aka sani da polyamide, thermoplastic ne, yana da juriya mai kyau na lalata. Yana iya tsayayya da lalatawar acid dilute, gishiri da alkali, kuma yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga hydrocarbon, ketone, ether, ester da mai. Amma ba resistant zuwa karfi acid, oxidizing acid, phenol da formic acid lalata. (2) POLYvinyl chloride: polyvinyl chloride filastik ne na thermoplastic, yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata. Acid, alkali, gishiri, kwayoyin halitta. Ba da juriya ga maida hankali nitric acid, fuming sulfuric acid, acetic anhydride, ketone, halogenated, aromatic da sauran lalata. (3) POLYETHYLENE: polyethylene yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, yana da juriya mai kyau ga hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid da sauran acid marasa oxidizing da kuma tsarma nitric acid, alkali, maganin gishiri da sauran kaushi a cikin dakin da zafin jiki. Amma baya jure wa maida hankali nitric acid, sulfuric acid da sauran ƙarfi oxidant lalata. (4) polypropylene: polypropylene thermoplastic ne, juriyar lalatarsa ​​yayi kama da polyethylene, dan kadan ya fi polyethylene. Yana iya jure mafi yawan kwayoyin acid, inorganic acid, alkali, gishiri, amma ga mai da hankali nitric acid, fuming sulfuric acid, chlorsulfonic acid da sauran karfi oxidizing acid juriya lalata ba shi da kyau. ⑤ Phenolic robobi: phenolic robobi na iya tsayayya da lalata hydrochloric acid, tsarma sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid da sauran wadanda ba oxidizing acid, gishiri bayani. Amma ba resistant zuwa nitric acid, chromic acid da sauran karfi oxidizing acid, alkali da wasu kwayoyin kaushi lalata. ⑥ chlorinated polyether, kuma aka sani da polychlorinated ether, shi ne mikakke, high crystallinity na thermoplastics. Yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, * ƙasa da robobin fluorine. Yana da ikon mayar da hankali sulfuric acid, mayar da hankali nitric acid waje kowane irin acid, alkali, gishiri da kuma mafi Organic kaushi lalata, amma ba resistant zuwa ruwa chlorine, fluorine, bromine lalata. ⑦ Polytrifluorovinyl chloride: shi da sauran fluorine robobi, yana da kyau kwarai lalata juriya da sauran kaddarorin, lalata juriya dan kadan m fiye da ptfe. Yana da kyau juriya na lalata kwayoyin acid, inorganic acid, alkali, gishiri da iri-iri na kaushi. Wasu kaushi da ke ɗauke da halogens da iskar oxygen da ke sa su kumbura a yanayin zafi. Ba shi da juriya ga high zafin jiki fluorine, fluoride, narkakkar alkali, mayar da hankali nitric acid, aromatic, fuming nitric acid, narkakkar alkali karfe, da dai sauransu Polytetrafluoroethylene: polytetrafluoroethylene yana da kyau kwarai lalata juriya, shi ban da narkakkar karfe lithium, potassium, sodium. , chlorine trifluoride, oxygen trifluoride a high zafin jiki, high kwarara kudi na ruwa fluorine, kusan duk lalatar da sinadaran kafofin watsa labarai, da hasara shi ne cewa yana da sanyi kwarara. (11) Lining Saboda ƙarancin ƙarfin filastik, yawancin bawuloli suna amfani da kayan ƙarfe don yin harsashi, tare da filastik, rufin roba. Bawuloli masu layi gabaɗaya sun dace da bututun PN≤16, tare da kayan rufi daban-daban, juriyar zafin sa, juriya na lalata ba iri ɗaya bane. Rubutun Filastik: Juriya na lalata kayan filastik iri ɗaya ne da na kayan da suka dace a cikin robobin da ke sama. Duk da haka, lokacin zabar, ya kamata a yi la'akari da juriya na lalata wasu kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin bawuloli masu layi na filastik. Rubutun roba: roba yana da laushi, don haka yawancin bawuloli suna amfani da rufin roba don haɓaka juriya na lalata da aikin rufe bawul. Juriya na lalata na roba ya bambanta sosai tare da nau'ikan roba daban-daban. Bayan vulcanization na halitta roba iya jure wa wadanda ba oxidizing acid, alkali, gishiri lalata, amma ba resistant zuwa karfi oxidants, kamar nitric acid, chromic acid, mayar da hankali sulfuric acid lalata, kuma ba resistant zuwa man fetur kayayyakin da wasu Organic kaushi lalata: sabili da haka. , roba na halitta a hankali aka maye gurbinsu da roba roba. NBR a cikin roba roba yana da mai kyau juriya mai, amma shi ne ba resistant zuwa hadawan abu da iskar shaka acid, aromatic hydrocarbon, ester, ketone, ether da sauran ƙarfi ƙarfi lalata; Fluorine roba yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, yana iya jure kowane nau'in acid, alkali, gishiri, samfuran man fetur, hydrocarbons, da sauransu, amma juriya mai ƙarfi ba ta da kyau kamar robobin fluorine; Ana iya amfani da roba polyether a cikin ruwa, mai, ammonia, alkali da sauran kafofin watsa labarai. Rufin gubar: gubar ƙarfe ce mai aiki, amma saboda kayanta masu laushi, galibi ana amfani da ita azaman rufin bawuloli na musamman. Fim ɗin samfurin lalata na gubar shine mai kariya mai ƙarfi. Shahararren abu ne mai jure wa sulfuric acid. Yana da babban lalata juriya a cikin phosphoric acid, chromic acid, carbonic acid da tsaka tsaki bayani, ruwan teku da sauran kafofin watsa labarai, amma ba shi da tsayayya ga alkali da hydrochloric acid lalata, kuma bai dace da aiki a cikin lalata kayayyakin.