Hanyoyin walda na alloy tsarin karfe don masana'antar bawul - ƙayyadaddun fasaha don ƙananan simintin ƙarfe na ƙarfe don bawuloli

Hanyoyin walda na gami tsarin karfe don masana'antar bawul - Ƙayyadaddun fasaha don ƙananan simintin ƙarfe na ƙarfe don bawuloli Ƙarfin ƙarfe, wanda kuma aka sani da babban ƙarfin ƙarfe, yana da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ba ƙasa da 1290MPa da ƙarfin ƙarfi na ba kasa da 440MPa. Bisa ga yawan amfanin ƙasa batu da zafi magani jihar, ƙarfi karfe za a iya raba zafi birgima normalizing karfe, low carbon tempered karfe da matsakaici carbon tempered karfe. Hot birgima normalizing karfe ne wani irin mara zafi jiyya ƙarfafa karfe, wanda aka kullum kawota a zafi birgima ko normalizing jihar. Ya dogara ne akan ƙarfafawar rushewar taro, ƙara yawan dangi na pearlite, tsaftace hatsi da ƙarfafa hazo don tabbatar da ƙarfin. Low carbon tempered karfe dogara ne a kan quenching, high zafin jiki tempering zafi magani tsari (zazzabi magani) don ƙarfafa taro gami tsarin karfe ... Welding hanyoyin for gami tsarin karafa (1) Rarraba gami tsarin steels Alloy tsarin karfe ne irin karfe da wasu alloying abubuwa kara a kan tushen da talakawa carbon karfe saduwa da bukatun daban-daban aiki tube da kaddarorin. Alloy tsarin karafa for waldi an kullum zuwa kashi biyu wadannan Categories. 1 Karfe don Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin, wanda kuma aka sani da babban ƙarfin ƙarfe, yana da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ba kasa da 1290MPa ba da kuma ƙarfin da bai wuce 440MPa ba. Bisa ga yawan amfanin ƙasa batu da zafi magani jihar, ƙarfi karfe za a iya raba zafi birgima normalizing karfe, low carbon tempered karfe da matsakaici carbon tempered karfe. Hot birgima normalizing karfe ne wani irin mara zafi jiyya ƙarfafa karfe, wanda aka kullum kawota a zafi birgima ko normalizing jihar. Ya dogara ne akan ƙarfafawar rushewar taro, ƙara yawan dangi na pearlite, tsaftace hatsi da ƙarfafa hazo don tabbatar da ƙarfin. Low carbon tempered karfe ne taro gami tsarin karfe ƙarfafa ta quenching da kuma high zafin jiki tempering zafi magani tsari (haushi magani). Abubuwan da ke cikin carbon ɗin sa gabaɗaya wc0.25% ne, kuma yana da halaye na ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙaƙƙarfan filastik mai kyau, kuma ana iya walda shi kai tsaye cikin yanayin zafin rai. Abubuwan da ke cikin carbon na matsakaicin carbon tempered karfe shine 0.3% sama da wc, kuma ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa zai iya kaiwa fiye da 880MPa. Bayan quenching da tempering jiyya, yana da babban ƙarfi da taurin, amma low tauri, don haka weldability ne matalauta. 2. Ƙarfe na musamman bisa ga yin amfani da yanayin muhalli ko buƙatun aiki za a iya raba shi zuwa karfe mai tsayayyar zafi na pearlite, ƙananan ƙarancin ƙarfe da ƙananan zafin jiki na karfe uku. Pearlite zafi resistant karfe wc≤5%, chromium da aluminum tushen hypoeutectoid karfe. Yana da kyakkyawan ƙarfin thermal da kwanciyar hankali. Its na musamman batu shi ne cewa har yanzu yana da wani ƙarfi da hadawan abu da iskar shaka juriya a zazzabi na har zuwa 500 ~ 600 ℃. Ana amfani da shi musamman don kera abubuwan zafi masu zafi a cikin kayan aikin wutar lantarki da kayan aikin petrochemical. Ƙananan karafa masu jure lalata sun haɗa da ƙarfe mai jujjuyawar aluminium da ake amfani da su don kayan aikin petrochemical da ƙarfe mai ɗaukar fosfour da jan ƙarfe mai jure lalata da ake amfani da su don ruwan teku ko na yanayi mai jure lalata. Baya ga gamsar da cikakkun kayan aikin injiniya, irin wannan ƙarfe kuma yana da juriyar lalata a cikin matsakaicin matsakaici. An yi amfani da shi gabaɗaya a cikin birgima mai zafi ko yanayin daidaitawa, magani ne mara zafi na ƙarfin ƙarfe. Low zafin jiki karfe takardar kamata a yi amfani a -40 ~ 196 ℃ low zafin jiki kayan aiki da kuma tsarin sassa, babban abin da ake bukata na low zafin jiki taurin, da ƙarfi ba high. Yawancin lokaci ana rarraba shi zuwa ƙarfe maras nickel da ƙarfe mai ɗauke da nickel, gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi wajen daidaita yanayin wuta, yana cikin maganin rashin zafi na ƙarfin ƙarfe. 3. Weldability analysis of high ƙarfi karfe Babban matsalolin weldability na high ƙarfi karfe ne: crystallization crack, liquefaction crack, sanyi crack, reheat crack da zafi shafi yankin yi canje-canje (1) Crystal crack The crystal crack a cikin walda aka kafa a cikin. marigayi waldi solidification lokacin saboda eutectic tare da low narkewa batu Forms ruwa film a hatsi iyaka da fasa tare da hatsi iyaka a karkashin mataki na tensile danniya. Samar da shi yana da alaƙa da abun ciki na ƙazanta (kamar sulfur, phosphorus, carbon, da dai sauransu) a cikin walda. Waɗannan ƙazantattun abubuwa sune abubuwan da ke haɓaka faɗuwar crystallization kuma yakamata a sarrafa su sosai. Manganese yana da tasirin desulphurization, wanda zai iya inganta juriya na tsagewar walda. (2) Zafi ya shafa zone na liquefied crack welding Rikicin yana faruwa ne sakamakon narkewar ƙananan eutectic mai narkewa a kusa da iyakar hatsin ƙarfe a cikin walda mai nau'i-nau'i da yawa a ƙarƙashin damuwa mai ƙarfi saboda hawan keke na walda. 4 Tsarin walda na ƙarfe mai ƙarfi Tsarin waldawa ya haɗa da zaɓin hanyoyin waldawa da kayan waldawa, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun walda, ƙirar ma'aikatan jiyya na zafi da ƙirar taron walda da jerin walda. Tsarin walda mai ma'ana yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingancin samfur, inganta inganci da rage farashi. (1) Hot mirgina da waldi tsari na al'ada karfe Hot mirgina al'ada karfe yana da kyau weldability, kawai a lokacin da waldi tsari ba daidai ba zai bayyana hadin gwiwa yi matsaloli. Hot birgima da na al'ada karfe dace da daban-daban waldi hanyoyin, yafi bisa ga kauri daga cikin kayan, samfurin tsarin, weld matsayi da takamaiman yanayi a karkashin aikace-aikace. Yawancin lokaci, ana iya yin walda ta hanyar waldawar baka, waldawar baka, waldawar carbon dioxide da aka yi garkuwa da ita da waldawar lantarki. Don guje wa ɓarna a wuri mai zafi, ya kamata a zaɓi ƙaramin shigar da zafi. Za a iya amfani da ƙananan shigarwar zafi da matakan zafin jiki don sarrafa zafin jiki don hana fasa lokacin walda karfe tare da babban kauri da abubuwan haɗin ƙarfe na tushe. Manufar zabar kayan walda guda biyu ne: na ɗaya don guje wa kowane irin lahani a cikin walda, ɗayan kuma shine don dacewa da kayan aikin injin tushe. Saboda musamman na walda crystallization, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki yawanci bambanta da na tushe karfe. Lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki arc waldi, zaku iya zaɓar electrode wanda matakin ƙarfinsa yayi daidai da ƙarfen tushe, wato, gwargwadon b na ƙarfen tushe don zaɓar. The zafi birgima karfe tare da low waldi ƙarfi da kuma kadan fasa hali iya zabar alli electrode tare da kyakkyawan tsari aiki ko low hydrogen electrode. Don ƙarfin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, ya kamata a zaɓi ƙananan lantarki na hydrogen. Ƙananan zafin jiki na simintin gyare-gyare na bawuloli Wannan ma'auni yana da amfani ga bawuloli, flanges da sauran simintin gyare-gyare a ƙarƙashin matsa lamba da aka yi amfani da shi a ƙananan zafin jiki daga -254 ℃ zuwa -29 ℃. Duk simintin gyare-gyare za a yi amfani da zafi bisa ga ƙira da haɗin sinadarai na kayan. Domin yin simintin gyare-gyaren bango mai kauri ya dace da kayan aikin injiniyan da ake buƙata, yawanci ana buƙatar kashe simintin ƙarfe na jikin kebul. Kafin daidaitawa ko kashewa, yana halatta a sanyaya simintin gyaran kafa kai tsaye ƙasa da kewayon yanayin zafi bayan simintin gyaran kafa da ƙarfafawa. Lokacin da hanyar *** lahani saman ƙasa zai haifar da babban zafin jiki, ya kamata a yi zafi da simintin zuwa aƙalla mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki da aka ƙayyade a cikin Tebu 4 kafin aiwatarwa. Iyakar wannan ma'auni yana ƙayyadaddun buƙatun fasaha, hanyoyin gwaji, ƙa'idodin dubawa da alamomi don simintin ƙarfe mai ƙarancin zafin jiki don bawuloli (wanda ake kira "simintin gyare-gyare"). Wannan ma'auni yana amfani da bawuloli, flanges da sauran simintin gyare-gyare a ƙarƙashin matsin da ake amfani da shi a ƙananan yanayin zafi daga -254 ℃ zuwa -29 ℃. Daftarin magana na al'ada Sharuɗɗan da ke cikin takaddun masu zuwa sun zama sharuɗɗan wannan Ma'auni ta la'akari da wannan ƙa'idar. Don ƙididdiga kwanan wata, duk gyare-gyare na gaba (ban da errata) ko gyare-gyare ba su da amfani ga wannan Ma'auni, duk da haka, an ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyin da ke cikin yarjejeniyoyin a ƙarƙashin wannan Ma'auni don bincika amfani da sassan waɗannan takaddun. Don nassoshi marasa kwanan wata, sigar su sun dace da wannan ma'auni. GB/T222-2006 karfe don nazarin sunadarai - Samfurin samfurin Hanyar da halatta sabawa na ƙãre samfurin sinadaran abun da ke ciki GB/T 223 Gwaji a zafin jiki (ISO 6892: 1998 (E), MOD) GB/T 229-1994 Metal Charpy notch gwajin Hanyar gwaji (eqv TSG 148: 1983) Hakuri na girma da izinin injina don Castings (eqv ISO 8062:1994) GB/ T 9452-2003 Tanderun Kula da zafi - Tabbatar da ingantaccen yankin dumama Cast carbon karfe sassa don dalilai na injiniya na gabaɗaya (neq ISO 3755: 1991) GB/T 12224-2005 Bawul ɗin ƙarfe Gabaɗayan buƙatun GB/T 12230--2005 simintin ƙarfe Gabaɗaya bawuloli - Bayanin Fasaha Gabaɗaya ka'idoji don tabbatar da ingancin walda (> GB/T 13927 Gwajin matsa lamba na gabaɗaya (GB/T 13927-- ​​1992.neq ISO 5208:1382) GB/T15169-2003 Karfe narke walda walda ƙima (ISO) /DIS 9606-1:2002) Karfe simintin bayyanar ingancin buƙatun ASTM A3S1/A3S1M Austenite da austenite don matsa lamba. Bayani ga Ferritic (Biphase) Karfe Castings ASM A352 / A352M bayani ga Ferrritic da Barcipa zazzabi na kayan aikin an nuna a cikin tebur 1. tebur 1 simintin Matsayin kayan abu da zafin sabis Abubuwan sinadaran sinadaran da kaddarorin injiniyoyi Tsarin sinadarai na simintin gyare-gyare zai dace da buƙatun da ke cikin Tebura 2. Tebura 2 Abubuwan sinadaran simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyare zai dace da buƙatun da ke cikin Tebur 2. Tebura 2 Sinadaran simintin gyare-gyare na simintin gyaran gyare-gyare (jari mai yawa)