ʻO kahi loiloi pōkole o nā hemahema maʻamau a me nā kūlana loiloi o ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā hiʻohiʻona valve

ʻO kahi loiloi pōkole o nā hemahema maʻamau a me nā kūlana loiloi o ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hiʻohiʻona valve ʻO Torque ka ikaika e hoʻohuli ai i kahi mea. ʻO ke kinikini ʻenekini ka torque i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka ʻenekini mai ka hopena crankshaft. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka mana paʻa, ua like ia me ka wikiwiki o ka engine. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka torque, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka torque, e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka ukana o ke kaʻa ma kekahi ʻano. Wehewehe noun: torque ʻO Torque ka ikaika e hoʻohuli ai i kahi mea. ʻO ke kinikini ʻenekini ka torque i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka ʻenekini mai ka hopena crankshaft. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka mana paʻa, ua like ia me ka wikiwiki o ka engine. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka torque, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka torque, e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka ukana o ke kaʻa ma kekahi ʻano. He aha ke ʻano o ka helu ʻana o ka valve torque? ʻO ka valve torque kahi mea koʻikoʻi o ka valve, no laila ke hopohopo nui nei nā hoaaloha e pili ana i ka helu torque valve. Ma lalo iho nei, ʻo ka ʻoihana ʻoihana pahū o ka honua no ʻoe e hoʻolauna i ka helu torque valve i nā kikoʻī. Penei ka helu ʻana o ka valve torque: ʻO ka hapalua o ke anawaena o ka valve x 3.14 square ka ʻāpana o ka pā valve, i hoʻonui ʻia e ke kaomi ʻana (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hana ʻana o ka valve puʻe) e huki i kahi lāʻau ma ke kaomi paʻa, hoʻonui ʻia e ka coefficient o friction. (E nānā i ka papaʻaina o ke kila kila maʻamau 0.1, ke kila no ka lāʻau lapaʻau 0.15), ka helu o nā manawa o ke anawaena o ke axle i puʻunaue ʻia e 1000 no ka torque valve wikiwiki, ʻāpana no ka pipi, mika, Ka waiwai palekana kuhikuhi o nā mea uila a me ka pneumatic ʻO nā mea hoʻokele he 1.5 mau manawa o ka torque valve. Ke hoʻolālā ʻia ka valve, ua manaʻo ʻia ke koho ʻana o ka mea hana, i māhele ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: 1. Friction torque o nā sila (sphere and valve noho) 2. Friction torque o ka hoʻopili ʻana ma ke kumu valve 3. Friction torque o ke kau ʻana ma luna. valve stem No laila, he 0.6 manawa ka nui o ke kaomi i helu 'ia i ke kaomi nominal (e pili ana i ke kaomi hana), a ua ho'oholo 'ia ka huina ho'ololi e like me ka mea. Hoʻonui ʻia ka torque i helu ʻia e 1.3 ~ 1.5 mau manawa e koho ai i ka mea hana. Pono e noʻonoʻo i ka helu ʻana o ka valve torque i ka friction ma waena o ka pā valve a me ka noho, ka friction ma waena o ka valve shaft a me ka hoʻopili ʻana, a me ka pahu o ka pā valve ma lalo o nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole. No ka mea he nui nā TYPES o ka diski, ka noho a me ka hoʻopili ʻana, kēlā me kēia me ka ikaika friction ʻokoʻa, ka nui o ka ʻili pili, ke degere o ka hoʻoemi, a pēlā aku. No laila, ua ana ʻia ia e ka mea hana ma mua o ka helu ʻana. ʻO ka waiwai i helu ʻia o ka valve torque he waiwai kuhikuhi nui, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kope ʻia. Ma lalo o ka mana o nā kumu he nui, ʻaʻole pololei ka helu ʻana o ka valve torque ma mua o nā hopena hoʻokolohua. Nā Kūlana maʻamau a me nā loiloi loiloi no ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka valve Ma muli o ka like ʻole o ka hana ʻana o ka huahana, ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me nā kūlana ʻae ʻia ma ka pūnaewele, ʻokoʻa nā loina hoʻokolokolo no kēlā me kēia maʻamau, a i kekahi manawa e loaʻa nā hopena nānā like ʻole. No ka laʻana, i ka forging valve huahana maʻamau GB / T 1228-2006 hiki defects i loko o ka palena nui o 5% a 1.5mm, a me ka hoolei ana kiwipa huahana maʻamau JB/T 7927-2014 ae elua laʻana o nā hemahema ma A a me B. i ke kahua ʻae ʻia maʻamau SY / T 4102-2013, ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā māwae waho o ka valve, nā trachholes, nā ʻili kaumaha, nā kiko, ka pōʻino mechanical, ka ʻōpala, nā ʻāpana a me nā papa inoa ma muli o ka like ʻole o ka hana ʻana o ka huahana, ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi a ʻOkoʻa nā kūlana ʻae ma ka pūnaewele, ʻokoʻa nā loina hoʻoholo o nā hemahema i kēlā me kēia maʻamau, a i kekahi manawa e ʻike ʻia nā hopena nānā like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ka forging valve huahana maʻamau GB / T 1228-2006 hiki defects i loko o ka palena nui o 5% a 1.5mm, a me ka hoolei ana kiwikā huahana maʻamau JB/T 7927-2014 ae elua laʻana o nā hemahema ma A a me B. ʻO ka maʻamau o ka valve field acceptance standard SY / T 4102-2013 e ʻōlelo nei ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā māwae ma waho o ka ʻili, nā trachholes, nā ʻili kaumaha, nā kiko, ka pōʻino mechanical, ka ʻōpala, nā ʻāpana nalowale, nā inoa inoa a me ka peeling peeling, etc. ʻO ka SH 3515-2013 ka mea i ka wā e hoʻolei ʻia ai ke kino valve, pono e maʻemaʻe kona ʻili, me ka ʻole o nā māwae, nā puka shrinkage, tracholes, pores, burrs a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe; i ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ke kino valve, pono ʻole kona ʻili i nā māwae, interlayers, ʻili kaumaha, kiko, nele i ka poʻohiwi a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea maoli he mea puhi, pahū, a ʻino. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokō pono ʻana i ka maʻamau i hāʻawi ʻia SH3518-2013, pono e nānā ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka valve i ka ʻae ʻana o ke kahua o ka valve a me ka pae hana o ka valve. ʻOiai ke koho ʻana a me ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana hoʻolako, hoʻoikaika i ka nānā ʻana i ka hale hana, pono ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka valve ma ke kūlana defect, ka nui a me ke ʻano. A ʻo ke kaomi hana valve, ka mea hana, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaiapuni no ka loiloi piha ʻana, ʻaʻole wale e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, akā e hana i ka pololei, pololei. I ka makahiki 2014, ua ho'āʻoʻia he 170284 kiwi o nāʻano likeʻole e Changqing Oilfield Technology Monitoring Center, a he 5622 valves i kūponoʻole, me ka helu kūponoʻole o 3.30%, i waena o 2817 valves i kūponoʻole i ka nānāʻana i ka maikaʻi. 50.11% o ka huina o na kiwi kupono ole. ʻO ka trachoma nui, pores, māwae, pōʻino mechanical, shrinkage, hōʻailona a me ka mānoanoa pā kino unqualified kūkulu a me ka nui. 1. Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ʻO ke kumu nui ʻaʻole i hana ʻia ka hopena o ke kumu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohui pū ʻia ke kumu a me ka huila lima, ʻaʻole hiki ke maʻalahi ka valve e wehe a pani, a i ʻole ka mānoanoa o ka pā valve, ke anawaena o ka ʻaʻole kūpono ke kumu a me ka lōʻihi o ka hale i nā koi maʻamau. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pahu puka puka Z41H-25 DN50 he 230mm e like me ka maʻamau, a ʻo ka lōʻihi i ana ʻia ʻo 178mm. 2. Keʻano o ka nānāʻana Hiki ke nānāʻia keʻano o ka valve e ka nānāʻana. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pā o ke kino valve e ana ʻia e ka mīkini mānoanoa ultrasonic, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka hale e ana ʻia e nā vernier calipers, nā ana lipine, nā lula hohonu a me nā mea hana a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻāpana i ana ʻia ke ana ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka pā, i ʻole e pili i ka pololei o ka hoʻāʻo. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka mānoanoa pā liʻiliʻi o ke kino ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke ala kahe a i ʻole ka lalo o ke kino. 3. Ua mana'o 'ole 'ia ke anawaena o ke kino, ka mānoanoa o ka paia o ke kino, a me ke anawaena o ke kino. ʻO Trachoma a me ka stoma Ka emi a me ka porosity 1. Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona Loaʻa ka emi ʻana a me ka porosity ma ka ʻāpana paʻa o ka pahu hoʻolei (hui wela) a i ʻole ka ʻāpana hoʻololi. ʻO ka emi ʻana a me ka wehe ʻole o ka ʻili o loko me ka ʻole o ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻana, ke ʻano like ʻole, ka paia pore a me ka nui o nā haumia a me nā pores liʻiliʻi. 2. ʻO ke ala nānā ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i ka emi ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana, a ʻo ka leakage ka mea maʻamau i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻāʻo kaomi. I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono e uku ʻia i nā ʻāpana shrinkage o ka waha ninini, riser a me ke kino valve o ka valve. Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono e hoʻopā ʻia nā ʻāpana i luna e ka lima e pale i nā hemahema mai ka nalo ʻana ma muli o ka uhi uhi pena. 3. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke ʻano o ka valve, ʻo ka emi ʻana a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia he anawaena kūpono ʻole. ʻO ka māwae 1. Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona E ʻike mau ʻia ka māwae ma ka ʻaoʻao wela o nā paia ʻelua o ke kino valve forging a me ka ʻāpana hoʻololi ʻana, e like me ke aʻa flange a me ka ʻili convex o ka paia o waho o ke kino valve. He pāpaʻu ka hohonu o ka māwae, ma muli o nā laina lauoho. ʻO ke ʻano o ka māwae wela, he ʻekepili a ʻokoʻa ʻole, he ākea ka ʻāpana, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻāpana keʻa, a ʻaʻole he ʻulaʻula metala ka māwae, a ulu ka māha ma ka palena o ka palaoa. Pololei maʻamau ka māwae anu, ʻaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻili metala o ka māwae, a hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka māwae ma ka palaoa a hiki i ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa. 2. ʻO ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana Ma waho aʻe o ka nānā ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka pauka magnetic a i ʻole ka osmotic inspection no nā māwae ma ka ʻili valve. 3. Hoʻohālikelike defect ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā māwae e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻāpana cross-sectional o ka valve, a ʻo ka hopena o ka māwae e hana i nā notches ʻoi loa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke koʻikoʻi, maʻalahi ka hoʻonui a alakaʻi i ka hāʻule. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā māwae i ʻike ʻia, me ka nānā ʻole i ko lākou wahi a me ka nui i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole kūpono. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka māwae, hiki ke hoʻomaloʻo ʻia me ka huila wili. Inā hōʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻopau loaʻia ka māwae,ʻaʻole i pōʻino kaʻili o ka valve, aʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka mānoanoa aʻaʻole maopopo, hiki ke hoʻoholoʻia e like me ke kūpono, iʻole e mālamaʻia e like me ka hoʻihoʻi. ʻO ka pōʻino mīkini 1. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ʻO ka pōʻino mīkini ka valve i ke kaʻina o ka lawe ʻana, ka lawelawe ʻana, ka hāpai ʻana, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a pēlā aku i ke kīkēkē ʻana, a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana, ka ʻoki ʻana a me nā hana ʻino ʻē aʻe, e like me convex a plane sealing flange sealing surface scratch, indentation, ka hoʻolei ʻana i ke kinoea hoʻolele ʻana i ka ʻili a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā hemahema i hana ʻia ma ka hana ʻole ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau hemahema i kahi hohonu, e pili pū i ka maikaʻi a me ke ola o ka valve. 2. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ka pōʻino mīkini i ka ʻili o ka valve ma ka nānā ʻana, a hiki ke ana ʻia ka hohonu o ka hemahema me ka weld inspection rule a i ʻole ka hohonu. 3. Defect assessment ʻO nā ʻōpala Radial, ka pōʻino mechanical a me nā hemahema ma ka ʻili hoʻopaʻa ʻia o nā flanges convex a i ʻole mokulele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me nā ʻōpala a me nā puʻupuʻu ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke apo i hoʻopili ʻia i ka flange sealing surface groove, e hoʻopilikia i ka waiwai sealing o nā flanges valve a ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia e noho. ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Flange, nā kino a me ka uhi ʻana i ka ʻili a me ka pōʻino mechanical inā lōʻihi ka hohonu i loko o ka ʻae ʻae, ʻaʻole pili i ka maikaʻi o ka valve, hiki ke ʻae ʻia e like me nā huahana kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻōpala ʻoi i mea e pale aku ai i ke kaumaha. ʻO ka ʻike kino Valve a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻO ka mānoanoa nui o ka paia o ke kino, ʻaʻole kūpono ka lōʻihi o ka hale a i ʻole ke kaomi inoa o ke kino ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, aia ka mea kūʻai aku i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana, pono ke kaʻina hana e pale i ka pā a i ʻole ke kaomi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. o kiʻekiʻe puʻupaʻa valve. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻololi ʻia ke kaomi nominal "25" i hoʻolei ʻia ma ke kino kīpē o Z41H-25 DN50 valve, a ua ana ʻia ka mānoanoa o ke kino valve he 7.8mm, ʻaʻole ia e like me ka stipulation o 8.8mm. no ka valve i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana petrochemical. Aia ia i ka valve 1.6mpa ma kahi o ka valve 2.5mpa ma hope o ka poli ʻana i ka māka. hopena Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo kaomi ma hope o ka hele ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ka valve i ka nānā ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka maikaʻi o ka hiʻohiʻona, e kahe ka valve i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻai. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ka hemahema, e hoʻoulu ʻia ka ʻōpala pono ʻole a me nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa maikaʻi. No laila, ʻaʻole like ka hana valve ʻokoʻa a me nā koi hilinaʻi, ʻaʻole like nā hemahema i ʻae ʻia, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā hemahema o ka ʻili valve e hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka valve, ke ʻano o nā hemahema, wahi, ka nui a me nā loiloi piha ʻē aʻe. kauoha i ka ʻepekema, kūpono, ka nānā pono kūpono, e hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hana ʻenekinia kahua ʻaila a me ke kinoea.