ʻO ka wai inu ka meaʻai nui. No laila, ʻaʻole pono e hōʻoia i ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻoihana wai inu, akā pono e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūʻai aku. I kēia manawa, hōʻoia ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka wai inu e nā laʻana o ka lab, pono e hana ʻia e ka hui wai e like me nā mana / kānāwai (nā kānāwai wai inu) i nā manawa manawa. Manaʻo ʻia nā lula wai inu maoli e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka laʻana maʻamau i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻolālā hoʻohālike ma muli o ka loiloi pilikia.
Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, he kumukūʻai kēia ʻano no ka mea pono e hōʻiliʻili, lawe a nānā i ka hapa nui o nā laʻana o ka ʻoihana wai inu mai kēlā me kēia pule a i kēlā mahina. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ma muli o kona dynamics lohi, ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke ʻike a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia nā hanana pollution. hiki mai. I mea e hilinaʻi ʻole ai i ke alapine o ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike, nui nā mea hoʻolako wai a puni ka honua e koi i nā mea ʻike pūnaewele e pane i ka manawa maoli i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai i nā ʻoihana hoʻolaha wai inu.
Pono nā mea ʻike pūnaewele i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻupena wai inu e nānā mau a hāʻawi i nā ana quantitative, hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe, a hōʻoia ʻia e loiloi i ka maikaʻi o ka wai. ʻAʻole mea liʻiliʻi nā kūlana kaiapuni i loko o nā manholes a me nā paipu. No laila, pono ia e hoʻokō i ka palena haʻahaʻa IP67 palekana a me nā kūlana hōʻoia wai inu no nā mea e pili ana i ka wai. Inā e ana ʻia ka mea ʻike i loko o kahi pipeline kaomi ʻia, pono e paʻa loa ia ʻōnaehana i mea e hāʻawi ai i nā hopena maikaʻi me ka nānā ʻole i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi a me ka pahū ʻana. Pono e ho'ēmiʻia kaʻike, mālama a me ka mana o kēia "hōʻuluʻulu pūnaewele" i kahi liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO ka mea e pono ai no kēlā me kēia ana pūnaewele ʻaʻole ia he sensor ikaika wale nō, akā ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻikepili i ka ʻikepili / SCADA ʻōnaehana i hiki iā ia ke pane i nā ʻōuli a me nā loli i ka ʻikepili ana.
paipu::scan (Figure 8) he ʻōnaehana ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka wai inu ma nā paipu kaomi. Hiki ke ana ʻia a hiki i 10 mau ʻāpana i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana: nā ʻāpana kūlohelohe (TOC, DOC, UV254/UVT), turbidity, kala, chlorine, pH/redox, conductivity, wela a me ke kaomi. E kau ma ka paipu ma lalo o ke kaomi ma o ka noho paipu Hawl (DN100-DN 600). Ma o ka "pipette", ka wai mai ka paipu kaomi i loko o ka paipu :: scanning flow cell. Hoʻomaopopo ka nanopump i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana o ka wai i ka pipeline ma o ke kahe kahe ʻana me ka ʻole o ka nalowale ʻana o ka wai, e ʻike i ke Kiʻi 2. ʻO ke kumu hana. ʻO ka mea ʻike i loko o ka paipu::scan kahi mea ʻike kaulana a hilinaʻi hoʻi s::can sensor, i kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke no nā makahiki he nui: i::scan-he micro-spectrophotometer optical me ka ʻenehana LED a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pulupulu maʻalahi no ke ana. mea olaola (TOC, DOC, UV254, UVT), turbidity a me ka waihoʻoluʻu, chlori::lyser-he kaomi i kēia manawa no ka ʻike ʻana i ka chlorine manuahi, pH::lyser-he mea ʻike pH ikaika loa, ʻaʻohe alahaka paʻakai, me He mau kuhikuhi polimer. nā electrodes, condu::lyser-a 4-electrode conductivity sensor me ka mea ʻike wela i hoʻohui ʻia a me ka mīkini kaomi liʻiliʻi kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana. Pono kēia mau mea ʻike āpau i ka mālama haʻahaʻa loa a ua hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi wai inu i ka honua no nā makahiki he nui. ʻO ka kānana i loko o ka inlet e hōʻoiaʻiʻoʻaʻoleʻaʻohe mea nui e komo i loko o ke kahe kahe, aʻo ka valve ventila e hōʻoiaʻiʻoʻaʻole he ea i loko o ke ana ana i loko o ke kahe kahe. Hiki ke ho'ouna 'ia ka 'ikepili o ka wai i kekahi waihona kikowaena ma o ka ho'ohana 'ana i ka s::can terminal con::cube. con::cube he pahu paʻa, ikaika a multifunctional no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili a me ka mana. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻenehana kaʻina hana hou, con::cube's flexible interface no ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea ʻike iā SCADA a i ʻole kekahi ʻōnaehana kikowaena kikowaena kūpono no ka nānā mamao. Ma muli o ka modem i hoʻohui ʻia a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa, hoʻokō ka logger data i nā koi hana āpau no nā wahi hoʻonohonoho decentralized.
ʻO Multitube:: ʻO Scan ka hopena kūpono no ka nānā ʻana i ka wai inu ma kahi ʻoihana wai inu ma nā wahi hiki ke hiki. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi o kēia mau ʻōnaehana i nā pūnaewele hoʻoili mana ma nā kūlanakauhale nui o ʻEulopa no ka manawa lōʻihi. Mai ka ʻikepili, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ke ana mau ʻana o nā ʻāpana he nui me ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻohe drift ma lalo o nā kūlana o nā mahina hoʻomau o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi, e ʻike i ke kiʻi 4. Ma nā kikoʻī, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka pūnaewele o nā loli o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka pō. ka wai inu ma waena o 3 a 4 bar. ʻO nā hoʻololi koʻikoʻi o ka conductivity e hōʻike i nā kumu wai like ʻole, i kēia hihia, no ka laʻana, ka wai lepo a i ʻole ka wai ʻili i mālama ʻia. Eia kekahi, me ka paipu::scan, hiki ke ana pololei ʻia nā ʻāpana kūlohelohe e like me TOC, DOC a i ʻole UV254. Pono kēia mau palena no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā hanana contamination i ka wai inu a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka hui ʻana o ka wai mai nā kumu like ʻole, e ʻike i ke Kiʻi 5. Ma ka pūnaewele wai inu o kekahi kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoiai ke hoʻololi mau nei ka neʻe ʻana o kekahi mau palena (Figure 6)), ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka palena ʻala. Eia naʻe, me ka paipu kūpaʻa a pololei:: scan ana, e ʻike i ke kiʻi 7, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike kikoʻī i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka chlorine manuahi i loko o kekahi mau hola, a no laila, ʻaʻole i lawa ka disinfection. ʻO ka wai inu wai i kēia manawa-he kūlana makemake ʻole.
Kiʻi 8: paipu::scan he ʻōnaehana ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka wai inu ma nā paipu ma lalo o ke kaomi.
pipe::scan i kēia manawa ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻōnaehana sensor ma ka mākeke me nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa penei: " Ua kūlike loa ke ana pololei me nā kuhikuhi ʻoihana maʻamau, ʻaʻole wale "nā ʻano" " A hiki i 10 mau ʻāpana i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana " Ka nānā mau ʻana i nā mea organik ( TOC), DOC, UV254, UVT), turbidity, waihoʻoluʻu, pH/redox, EC, kaomi a me ka mahana " He kūʻokoʻa loa ia i ka kahe kahe a hiki ke hana maʻamau ma lalo o nā kūlana stagnant i ka pūnaewele wai inu. " "Ka mālama ʻana i ka wela ma lalo o ke kaomi" ": ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopau i ke kahe o ka wai / kaomi a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēlā me kēia sensor i ka ʻokoʻa " Ka ʻike ʻana i ka hanana holoʻokoʻa me nā ʻōleʻa manawa maoli " 6 mau mahina mālama manawa: kūpono, hilinaʻi, hana kūʻokoʻa, me ʻO ka mālama liʻiliʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai i loko o ka ʻupena wai inu ʻO nā ʻano hana hou o nā mea ʻike pūnaewele e hāʻawi i ka ʻike waiwai nui a piha, e like me ka wā e haki ai ka paipu a i ʻole ke kahua chlorination, hiki i kēia mau hanana ke alakaʻi i ka wai inu He mea koʻikoʻi ka palekana o ka wai ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa Ma ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka ʻenehana ʻike paʻa, pololei a ikaika, pipe::scan ʻaʻole ia he kumuhana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, akā ua lilo i mea ʻoiaʻiʻo.
[1] ʻO ka mana mua o ka Federal Minister of Social Security and Generations Directive on the Quality of Water for Human Consumption (Drinking Water Regulations-TWV): Federal Law Gazette II No. 304/2001 [CELEX-No.: 398L0083]
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