Nui nā ʻano like ʻole o nā maka a me nā uhi. Akā ua like lākou a pau i ka pale ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka coronavirus Covid-19? [+] Ma ke kiʻi, ʻike ʻia ʻo Ashley Haas (hema), ʻo Ashley Haas lāua ʻo Heather Aboff ma SoHo, New York City me nā lole. (Na Gotham/GC)
ʻOiai no nā kumu like ʻole, hiki i nā kānaka ke hoʻopau iā lākou ma ko lākou mau maka i ka manawa like. Hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke loaʻa nā ʻano a me nā hoʻolālā. ʻAʻole like nā kānaka a pau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kekahi (māka, ʻaʻole pizza) i ka pale ʻana i nā kulu e kahe mai kou ihu a me kou waha ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia i loko o ka puke moʻolelo Science Advances, i kekahi mau hihia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kekahi mau masks i ke kūlana, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā kulu i ka lewa.
ʻAe, ua lohe pono ʻoe. ʻOi aku ka hewa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau maka. ʻAʻole kēlā me nā mele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Alison Krauss, no laila pehea e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mask ma mua o ka ʻaʻahu wale ʻana i ka ʻakaʻaka ma ka maka? Ke ʻā ʻoe, ʻuhu, kamaʻilio, hīmeni, ʻuhū, a ʻōlelo ʻo “Oh Pizza”, ʻaʻole pono anei i ka pale maka ke kāohi i nā mea a pau e kahe ana mai kou waha a me kou ihu? ʻAʻole pono anei ka mask e hoʻōki i kou ihu lepo a me kou waha mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka coronavirus Covid-19 i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe?
Ma kēia noiʻi ʻana, ua hana kahi hui mai ke Kulanui ʻo Duke (Emma P. Fischer, Martin C. Fischer, David Grass, Isaac Henrion, Warren S. Warren, a me Eric Westman) i kahi "kuha ʻana i ka honua" kahi e kamaʻilio ai kekahi poʻe i ka pahu. . “kiʻi. Ua hoʻohana ka haʻawina i kahi kukuna laser weliweli e hana i kēia. Ua hoʻopuka ka laser beam i kahi ʻāpana kukui i mua o kahi puka i loko o ka pahu ʻeleʻele. No laila, ma keʻano nui,ʻaʻole ka pahuʻeleʻele wale nō ka hoʻokolohua.
A laila, ua noi ka hui noiʻi i kekahi kanaka e hoʻokomo i kona waha i loko o ka lua a haʻi hou i ka huaʻōlelo "mālama i ke olakino, nā kānaka" ʻelima mau manawa. No laila, ʻo nā mea a pau e puka mai ana mai loko mai o ka waha o ke kanaka, inā he kulu liʻiliʻi a he ʻāpana paha o ka ʻīlio wela, e paʻi ia i ka pepa kukui, e hoʻopuehu ai ka mālamalama. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā kulu a i ʻole nā palapala e hoʻopuehu i ka lau mai ia mea. Ua lawe ka pahupaʻi kelepona i kēia pakuhi, kahi e hiki ai i ka mea noiʻi ke helu i ka mea i kuha ʻia mai ka waha personos.
Ua hana hou ke kanaka i kēia kaʻina hana i nā manawa he nui, ʻaʻohe mea huna, a laila hoʻohana i nā ʻano masks like ʻole he 14. ʻAʻole i ʻaʻahu kēia kanaka i nā masks 14 i ka manawa like, he mea hoʻohenehene. Akā, ho'āʻo kēia kanaka i kēlā me kēia manawa. Ua hoʻokumu ka hui noiʻi i kahi papa helu helu mika pili, kahi 1.0 e hōʻike ana i ka nui o nā kulu i paʻi i ka moena i ka wā e ʻaʻahu ʻole ai ke kanaka i ka mask, a ʻo 0.0 e hōʻike ana i ka mea e hana ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mask maikaʻi loa. Eia hou, e hoʻomanaʻo he mana wale kēia o kēlā me kēia o nā ʻano masks like ʻole 14 i hoʻāʻo ʻia e kekahi.
N95 masks ma waho o New York University Langone Health Hospital i ka wā maʻi maʻi coronavirus. … [+] (Na Noam Calais/Getty Images)
ʻAʻohe kānalua ʻo ka mask maikaʻi loa ʻo ia ka mask N95 me ka ʻole o ka pahu exhalation. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo kēia ke ʻano o nā lole e pono ai nā limahana lapaʻau e ʻaʻahu, me ka manaʻo e hāʻawi maoli kā lākou mau keʻena olakino i ka pale pono. Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau masks no ka pale ʻana i nā kulu a me nā maʻi mai ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana mai kekahi ʻaoʻao, a no ka pale ʻana i ka mea hoʻohana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia me kēia mask e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka pepa, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kūpono kēlā mask. Eia nō naʻe, lawelawe lākou ma ke ʻano he maʻamau no kēia hoʻokolohua, a ʻo ka helu droplet pili he ʻano ʻole.
Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā māka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, e like me nā masks i hoʻohana ʻia e nā limahana lapaʻau ma Hong Kong, Kina, i ka hoʻāʻo… [+] Kahi lua. (Qin Louyue/Photo by China News Service, Getty Images)
ʻAʻole kāhāhā ka mea pāʻani wahi ʻelua. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mask N95, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka helu droplet pili o ka mask surgical ʻekolu-layer, mai 0 a 0.1. ʻO kēia mau masks he lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki ke hana e like me ka pahu pahu (ka lole komo ma kahi o Mike Tyson). Hiki iā lākou ke hūnā i ka hapa nui o nā mea i loko, akā i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻokuʻu lākou i kekahi mau mea i waho.
ʻO ke kolu a me ka ʻehā he mau masks polypropylene: pulupulu-polypropylene-cotton masks a me 2-layer polypropylene apron masks. ʻO kā lākou helu droplet pili ma kahi o 0.1, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā masks surgical.
ʻO ka ʻelima a i ka ʻumikūmākahi mea hoʻopau i loaʻa i ʻehā mau ʻāpana ʻelua ʻāpana pulupulu pleated masks a me hoʻokahi ʻāpana pulupulu pleated mask hoʻokahi. Hāʻule kēia mau mea i loko o ka laulima helu hāʻule pili o ka zero a 0.4. No laila ua hoʻoneʻe lākou i kekahi mau lau.
ʻO ka ʻehiku ʻano he mask N95 ʻē aʻe: he mask me kahi valve exhalation. Hoʻopaʻa kēia i nā helu hāʻule pili mai ka 0.1 a i ka 0.2. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mask N95, e nānā mua inā loaʻa iā ia kahi pahu exhalation e kāpae i ka kānana. ʻO ka mask N95 me kēia valve ua like ia me kēlā mau pukaaniani hiʻohiʻona hoʻokahi. Hāʻawi wale ia i ka pale ākea ma kahi ʻaoʻao. ʻOiai hiki i ka mask ke pale iā ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻike iā ʻoe iho i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. E ʻae mai iaʻu e ʻōlelo hou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hoʻopā i nā mea e puka mai ana mai kou waha a me kou ihu.
Hāʻawi kēia valve i ka ea e hele i loko o ka mask mai ka waha a me ka ihu o ka mea hoʻohana me ka hele ʻole i ka kānana nui. ʻOiai hiki ke maʻalahi kēia i ka exhale, i ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke ʻae i ka virus e komo i kēlā ʻaoʻao. Inā ʻo ke kumu hoʻokahi o ka mask ke pale aku iā ʻoe mai nā hopena hiki i ka lewa, a laila maikaʻi paha kēia pahu exhalation. ʻO kekahi laʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka luakini o Justin Bieber. Akā ʻaʻole ia e pale aku i nā mea ʻē aʻe mai kou ʻeha e like me ka mask N95 me ka ʻole o ka pahu exhalation. ʻO kēia ke kumu ʻaʻole makemake nā limahana lapaʻau e hoʻohana i nā masks N95 me nā pahu exhalation.
ʻO ka wahi ʻeiwa, ʻo ia ka mask Maxima AT one-layer me ka awelika o ka helu droplet pili o 0.2, a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 0.3.
ʻO ka 12 kahi o ka mask knitted. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, nui loa ka laulā o kēia mask, mai kahi o 0.1 a i kahi helu hāʻule pili ma lalo o 0.6. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia nā masks knitted i nā haʻiʻōlelo politika a piha i nā hemahema. Hiki i ka lua ke hoʻokuʻu i nā mea he nui ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.
A laila aia ʻelua mau masks, ʻoi aku paha ka ʻino ma mua o ke kau ʻole ʻana i ka mask. Ma ke kūlana 13, ʻo ka bandana mai 0.2 a 1.2. Hōʻike kēia, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana iā Axl Rose i ka ihu a me ka waha e ʻae i nā kulu e hele aʻe ma mua o ka ihu a me ka waha. pehea e hiki ai? Pehea e hiki ai i ka hainaka nui ke hana i na kulu wai? ʻAe, ʻo ka pane e ʻoki i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
Ma muli o kona hoʻonohonoho ʻana, kūkulu ʻia, a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, hiki i ka lima lima ke ʻoki maoli i nā kulu nui i loko o nā kulu liʻiliʻi. E noʻonoʻo i ka manawa hope āu i hoʻāʻo ai e pana i kahi ʻāpana Parmesan ma ka puka aniani (no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo). ʻOi aku ka ʻino o nā kulu liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā kulu nui no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke lana i ka lewa no ka lōʻihi a maʻalahi paha ke hele ma ka ʻōpū hanu kanaka.
Ua wehewehe ka mea hope hope i ke kumu ʻaʻole makemake ʻoe e holo i ke kūʻai ʻana i mask. ʻO ka pale hulu hipa ka 14th ma ka papa inoa, ʻoi aku ka ʻino ma mua o ka ʻaʻahu ʻole. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā ʻino nui i ke kau ʻana i ka pale hulu hipa. ʻO ka awelika helu droplet pili he 1.1. ʻO ia ke kumu, ma ka awelika, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i nā masks huluhulu ma mua o ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai ko lākou mau ihu a me nā waha. ʻAʻole pili paha kēia i nā maka huluhulu a pau. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka bandannas hiki ke hana i kekahi mau hihia, hoʻololi kēia mask woolen i nā pilikia nui i nā pilikia liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole maikaʻi kēia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, mamao loa kēia noiʻi mai ka hemolele a he nui nā palena. ʻAʻole ia i hoʻāʻo i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā masks like ʻole a pehea lākou e ʻaʻahu ai. No ka laʻana, ʻaʻole like nā masks N95 a pau me nā kīwaha exhalation a me nā maka huluhulu a i ʻole ka huluhulu. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka paʻi i kahi wehewehe kikoʻī o kēlā me kēia mask a pehea e ʻaʻahu ai i kēlā me kēia mask. A, ʻo wai ka mea ʻike i ka mea e hiki mai ana, ʻaʻahu nā maka like ʻole a me ke ʻano o ka ʻōlelo ʻana.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka pulupulu ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻole lawa paha kēlā me kēia kulu no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, "E nā mea a pau, e noho olakino" ʻaʻole wale ka mea āu e ʻōlelo ai i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, he aha ka hopena inā e ʻōlelo ʻoe i kekahi mea e like me "peia ke ʻano"? No laila, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻaʻahu i ka maka i piha i ka paʻakai no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena noiʻi āpau.
Eia nō naʻe, hoʻomanaʻo kēia mau mea i ka poʻe he mau nuances a me nā kikoʻī pili i nā ʻōlelo aʻo olakino. ʻAʻole lawa ka uhi ʻana i ka maka. ʻAʻole lawa ka uhi ʻana i kou maka me ka hou, ke kokoleka, ka pizza sauce, a i ʻole ka hilahila. ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mask. No ka laʻana, mai ʻaʻahu ʻoe i nā pale Lone Ranger a i ʻole nā maka i pale ʻole i ke kahe ʻana o nā mea mai ka ihu a ʻike ʻia ka waha ma Costco. ʻOiai ʻoe e uhi ana i kou ihu a me kou waha, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e pale pono i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. No laila, e makaʻala i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā masks. E koho i ka mask pono. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻōlelo, "E hāʻawi mai iaʻu i pizza, kekahi ʻano pizza," ʻo ʻoe?
He mea kākau wau, mea kākau moʻolelo, polopeka, mea hoʻohālike ʻōnaehana, loea a me ka loea olakino kikohoʻe, ʻai avocado, a me ka ʻoihana, ʻaʻole naʻe ma kēia kauoha. I kēia manawa, ʻo wau
He mea kākau wau, mea kākau moʻolelo, polopeka, mea hoʻohālike ʻōnaehana, loea a me ka loea olakino kikohoʻe, ʻai avocado, a me ka ʻoihana, ʻaʻole naʻe ma kēia kauoha. I kēia manawa, he kaukaʻi au o ke kulekele olakino a me ka hoʻokele ʻana ma ke Kula o ka Public Health o ke Kula Nui o ke kūlanakauhale o New York (CUNY), he luna hoʻokele o PHICOR (@PHICORteam), he polopeka ma ke kula ʻo Johns Hopkins Carey School of Business, a ka mea hoʻokumu a me Luna Nui o Symsilico. ʻO kaʻu mau kūlana i hala aku nei, ʻo ia ka lawelawe ʻana ma ke ʻano he Luna Hoʻokele o ka Global Obesity Prevention Center (GOPC) ma Johns Hopkins University, Associate Professor of International Health ma ke kula ʻo Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Associate Professor of Medicine and Biomedical Informatics ma ke Kulanui o Pittsburgh, ʻO Quintiles Transnational Luna Nui o Montgomery Securities, i hana i ka noiʻi ʻana i ka biotechnology equity, a ua hoʻokumu pū i kahi hui biotechnology/bioinformatics. ʻO kaʻu hana e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano helu helu, nā hiʻohiʻona, a me nā mea hana e kōkua ai i nā mea hoʻoholo olakino a mālama ola ma nā ʻāina āpau (koe wale ʻo Antarctica), a ua loaʻa iaʻu nā kākoʻo like ʻole e like me ka Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, NIH, AHRQ, etc. Support, CDC , UNICEF, USAID a me Global Fund. Ua kākau au ma mua o 200 mau puke ʻepekema a me ʻekolu puke. E hahai mai iaʻu ma Twitter (@bruce_y_lee), akā mai nīnau mai iaʻu inā ʻike wau i ka ʻoihana kaua.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-22-2021
