ʻO ke kaʻina o ka nānā ʻana i ka valve a me ka mālama ʻana ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea valve e pili ana i ka wehewehe ʻana

ʻO ke kaʻina o ka nānā ʻana i ka valve a me ka mālama ʻana ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea valve e pili ana i ka wehewehe wehewehe ʻana ʻO ke kaomi hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka pahu he 1.5 mau manawa o ka nui o ke kaomi hana i ʻae ʻia inā aia ka valve ma 20 ℃, a ʻo ka hoʻāʻo hoʻopaʻa ʻana he 1.1 mau manawa o ka hana ʻae ʻia. kaomi i ka manawa o ka valve ma 20 ℃. ʻAʻole emi ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokolohua ma mua o 5 mau minuke. ʻO ka mahana ho'āʻo he 5 ~ 40 ℃. (4) ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka valve palekana e like me nā ʻōlelo o nā kūlana aupuni o kēia manawa a me nā palapala hoʻolālā no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono kaomi a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Pono e hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ka valve palekana, hoʻopaʻa ʻia, hoʻopuka i kahi hōʻike hōʻoia. (1) Pono e nānā ʻia ka valve no ka maikaʻi o ka hiʻohiʻona ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana, pono e paʻa ke kino o ka valve, pono e maʻalahi ka wehe ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e skewed ka pahu valve, deformed, jammed, a pono e hoʻopiha ʻia ka hōʻailona. (2) Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka puʻu pahu a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe e like me ke ʻano, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke kila kila, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ka chloride ion i ka wai ma mua o 25ppm. (3) ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka pūpū he 1.5 mau manawa o ka nui o ke kaomi hana i ʻae ʻia i ka wā o ka valve ma 20 ℃, a ʻo ka hoʻāʻo hoʻopaʻa ʻana he 1.1 mau manawa o ka nui o ke kaomi hana i ʻae ʻia i ka wā o ka valve ma 20 ℃. ʻAʻole emi ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokolohua ma mua o 5 mau minuke. ʻO ka mahana ho'āʻo he 5 ~ 40 ℃. (4) ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka valve palekana e like me nā ʻōlelo o nā kūlana aupuni o kēia manawa a me nā palapala hoʻolālā no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono kaomi a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Pono e hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ka valve palekana, hoʻopaʻa ʻia, hoʻopuka i kahi hōʻike hōʻoia. Valve material applicable medium description valve material applicable medium description: 1, valve maʻamau hoʻohana mea hana (1) Hao (1) Grey hao hao: e like me HT200, HT250, etc., kūpono no PN≤16, wela wela ma waena o -10℃ ~ 100 ℃ ka aila, ka wai maʻamau (ka wai, ka mahu, nā huahana petroleum, etc.); PN≤10, ka mahana hana ma waena o -10 ℃ ~ 200 ℃ mahu, ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kinoea, ke kinoea, ka amonia a me nā mea hoʻolaha ʻē aʻe (ammonia, waiʻona, aldehyde, ether, ketone, ester a me nā mea liʻiliʻi corrosive media). ʻAʻole kūpono ia no ka waika hydrochloric, ka waikawa nitric a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka ʻakika sulfuric concentrated, no ka mea hiki i ka sulfuric acid concentrated ke hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni maʻemaʻe ma luna o kona ʻili metala e pale ai i ka corrosion o ka hao e ka sulfuric acid. (2) malleable hoolei hao: e like me KTH350-10, KTH450-06, etc., kūpono no PN≤25, hana wela ma waena o -10 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ ma waena o ka mahu, nā waiwai maʻamau o ke kinoea a me ka wai, ka aila a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Ua like kona kūpale ʻana me ka hao hina hina. ③ Nodular hao hao: e like me QT400-15, QT450-10, etc., kūpono no PN≤25 hana wela ma waena o -10 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ mahu, kinoea a me ka ʻaila a me nā mea hoʻolaha ʻē aʻe. He ikaika kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion, hiki ke hana i kekahi ʻano o ka sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acid paʻakai. Akā ʻaʻole kūʻē i ka waika fluoric, alkali ikaika, waika hydrochloric a me ka ferric chloride wela hopena corrosion. E hoʻohana i mea e pale aku ai i ka wela hikiwawe, ke anuanu, i ʻole e haki. (4) nickel cast iron: alkali kū'ē ma mua o hina hina, nodular hoolei hao valve; ʻO ka nickel cast iron kahi mea kūpono kūpono no ka dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid a me ka soda caustic. (2) ke kila kalapona ʻO ke kila kalapona he WCA, WCB a me WCC, kūpono no ka mahu, kinoea non-corrosive, aila a me nā huahana e pili ana a me nā mea pāhana ʻē aʻe me ka mahana hana ma waena o -29 ~ 425 ℃. (3) kila kila ʻO ka 304 series of stainless steel e pili ana i ka mahana hana ma waena o -196 ℃ ~ 650 ℃ mahu, kinoea non-corrosive, aila a me nā huahana pili a me nā mea hoʻolaha ʻē aʻe; ʻO ka media corrosive me ka mahana hana ma waena o -30 ℃ a me 200 ℃. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa kinoea maikaʻi, ke kū'ē i ka waikawa nitric a me nā media oxidizing ʻē aʻe, akā ʻo ka alkali, ka wai, ka paʻakai, ka waikawa organik a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka corrosion. Akā, ʻaʻole ia e kū i ka sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid a me nā mea ʻino ʻole non-oxidizing acid, ʻaʻole hoʻi e kū i ka maloʻo hydrogen chloride, oxidizing chloride a me ka oxalic acid, lactic acid a me nā mea ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe. ② Ma ke kumu o 304 me 2% ~ 3% molybdenum 316 series stainless steel, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa ʻana ma mua o 304 series stainless steel, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka chromium nickel stainless steel i ka waika non-oxidizing a me ka waika wai wela, chloride corrosion kūpaʻa. ma mua o ka chromium nickel stainless steel, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. ʻO ka 321, 347 series stainless steel i loaʻa ka titanium a i ʻole ka niobium he kūʻē ikaika i ka intergranular corrosion. ④ Loaʻa i ka chromium kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe nickel 904L series stainless steel, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kūpaʻa corrosion ma mua o ke kila kila maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana me ka sulfuric acid, ka waikawa phosphoric, ka waikawa hui, ka sulfite, ka waikawa organik, ka alkali, ka wai paʻakai, hydrogen sulfide, etc., a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi ʻano o nā manawa wela kiʻekiʻe. Akā ʻaʻole kūʻē i ka waika hydrochloric concentrated a wela, fluorine pulu, chlorine, bromine, iodine, aqua regia corrosion. (4) Copper alloy Copper alloy he mea kūpono ia no PN≤25, ka mahana hana ma waena o -40 ℃ ~ 180 ℃ oxygen, nā paipu wai kai, maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wai, ka wai kai, nā ʻano paʻakai like ʻole, nā mea kūlohelohe. Loaʻa iā ia ka pale corrosion maikaʻi i ka sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid a dilute hydrochloric acid me ka ʻole o ka oxygen a i ʻole oxidant, a maikaʻi ke kūʻē i ka alkali. Akā, ʻaʻole ia e kū i ka corrosion o ka waikawa nitric, concentrated sulfuric acid a me nā ʻakika oxidizing ʻē aʻe, a ʻaʻole kū i ka corrosion o ka metala hehee, sulfur a me ka sulfide. E hōʻalo i ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka amonia, hiki ke hōʻeha i ke koʻikoʻi i ka haki ʻana o ke keleawe a me ke keleawe keleawe. Pono e noʻonoʻo i ke koho ʻana i ke keleawe keleawe, ʻokoʻa kona kūpaʻa corrosion. (5) Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum Aluminum kū'ē kū'ē i ka ikaika oxidizing concentrated nitric acid a hiki ke ku ole i ka organik a me ka solvents. Akā i ka ho'ēmi 'ana i waena, ikaika waika, kumu ikaika corrosion kū'ē. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka alumini maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻē i ka corrosion, akā e emi ana kona ikaika a hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia no nā puʻupuʻu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​lining valve. (6) Titanium alloy Titanium alloy he mea kūpono ia no PN≤25, ka mahana hana ma waena o -30 ℃ ~ 316 ℃ wai kai, chloride, oxidizing acid, organic acid, alkali a me nā mea hoʻolaha ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka Titanium he metala ikaika a hiki ke hana i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide me ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi ma ka lumi wela. Hiki i ka wai kai, ka chloride like ʻole a me ka hypochlorite, chlorine, oxidizing acid, organic acid, alkali a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. Akā ʻaʻole ia e kūʻē i ka ʻakika hoʻohaʻahaʻa maʻemaʻe, e like me ka sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid corrosion, akā kūʻē i ka oxidizing acid corrosion. ʻO ka valve Titanium he kūʻē maikaʻi i ka erosion lua. Akā i loko o ka uahi ʻulaʻula nitric acid, chloride, methanol a me nā mea hoʻolaha ʻē aʻe e hoʻopuka i ka corrosion stress. (7) ʻO Zirconium alloy Zirconium kekahi i ka metala ikaika, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuka i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide, maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa corrosion i ka waikawa nitric, chromic acid, alkali, molten alkali, wai paʻakai, urea, wai kai, akā ʻaʻole hydrofluoric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, aqua regia corrosion, ʻaʻole kūʻē i ka chlorine pulu a me ka oxidizing metala chloride corrosion. (8) Ceramics Ceramic valve ua hāʻawi mua ʻia me ka silicon dioxide fusion sintering, e like me zirconia, alumina, silicon nitride, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūpaʻa lole kiʻekiʻe loa, ka pale wela, ka hana insulation, loaʻa nō hoʻi ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe loa. hiki, me ka ole oxygen fluorine acid, fluosilicic acid and alkali resistant, hiki ke wela i ka concentrated nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, aqua regia, salt solution and organic solvents like medium, pili i ka PN ma ka laina 6 a emi mai. ʻO kēia ʻano valve e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ke koho ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo i ke kūpaʻa corrosion o nā mea ʻē aʻe. (9) ʻO ke aniani fiber i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka plastic ʻokoʻa ka pale ʻana o ka corrosion o FRP me kāna mea hoʻopili. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Epoxy resin FRP i loko o ka waika hydrochloric, phosphoric acid, dilute sulfuric acid a me kekahi mau mea kūlohelohe; ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana o ka phenolic fiber reinforced plastics. Loaʻa i ka Furan FRP ke kūpaʻa alkali maikaʻi, ka pale ʻana i ka waikawa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka corrosion, i kūpono no ka pipeline PN≤16. (10) Plastics Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻili palaki e ke kūpaʻa corrosion ikaika, a ʻaʻole hiki i nā kiwi metala ke loaʻa nā pono. Hoʻohana maʻamau i ka pipeline PN≤6, me nā ʻano plastik like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona ʻokoʻa kūʻē corrosion. (1) ʻO Nylon, i kapa ʻia ʻo polyamide, he thermoplastic, maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa corrosion. Hiki iā ia ke pale i ka corrosion o ka dilute acid, ka paʻakai a me ka alkali, a maikaʻi ka corrosion kū'ē i ka hydrocarbon, ketone, ether, ester a me ka aila. Akā ʻaʻole kūʻē i ka waika ikaika, oxidizing acid, phenol a me formic acid corrosion. (2) POLYvinyl chloride: ʻO ka polyvinyl chloride he plastic thermoplastic, maikaʻi loa ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. ʻAkika, alkali, paʻakai, mea ola. ʻAʻole kūʻē i ka waikawa nitric concentrated, fuming sulfuric acid, acetic anhydride, ketone, halogenated, aromatic a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. (3) POLYETHYLENE: He maikaʻi loa ka polyethylene i ka corrosion resistance, maikaʻi ke kū'ē i ka corrosion i ka waika hydrochloric, dilute sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid a me nā meaʻawaʻawa non-oxidizing e like me ka dilute nitric acid, alkali, paʻakai paʻakai a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka lumi wela. Akā ʻaʻole kūʻē i ka waikawa nitric concentrated, sulfuric acid a me nā mea ʻino oxidant ikaika ʻē aʻe. (4) polypropylene: ʻO ka polypropylene he thermoplastic, ua like kona kūpaʻa corrosion me ka polyethylene, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka polyethylene. Hiki iā ia ke kū i ka nui o ka waika organik, ka waika inorganic, ka alkali, ka paʻakai, akā i ka waika nitric concentrated, fuming sulfuric acid, chlorsulfonic acid a me nā mea ikaika ʻē aʻe ke kūʻē i ka corrosion. ⑤ Phenolic plastics: hiki i nā plastic phenolic ke kū i ka ʻino o ka waika hydrochloric, dilute sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid a me nā waika non-oxidizing ʻē aʻe, ka wai paʻakai. Akā ʻaʻole kūʻē i ka waikawa nitric, chromic acid a me nā ʻakika oxidizing ikaika ʻē aʻe, alkali a me kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe. ⑥ ʻO ka polyether chlorinated, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he polychlorinated ether, he laina laina, kiʻekiʻe crystallinity o nā thermoplastics. Loaʻa iā ia ka pale ʻino maikaʻi, * ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā plastic fluorine. Hiki iā ia ke concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid ma waho o nā ʻano waikawa āpau, alkali, paʻakai a me ka nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe, akā ʻaʻole kū i ka wai chlorine, fluorine, bromine corrosion. ⑦ Polytrifluorovinyl chloride: ʻo ia a me nā plastic fluorine ʻē aʻe, maikaʻi loa ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka corrosion ma mua o ptfe. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi i ka waikawa organik, ka waikawa inorganic, ka alkali, ka paʻakai a me nā ʻano mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. ʻO kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe i loaʻa nā halogen a me ka oxygen e pehu ai lākou i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole ia e kū'ē i ka fluorine kiʻekiʻe, ka fluoride, ka alkali hoʻoheheʻe, ka nitric acid concentrated, ka meaʻala, ka fuming nitric acid, ka metala alkali hoʻoheheʻe, a pēlā aku. , chlorine trifluoride, oxygen trifluoride i ke kiʻekiʻe wela, kiʻekiʻe kahe kahe o ka wai fluorine, aneane pau ka corrosion o kemika media, ka hemahema o ia he kahe anu. (11) Lining Ma muli o ka ikaika haʻahaʻa o ka plastic, nui nā kiwi e hoʻohana i nā mea metala no ka hana ʻana i ka pūpū, me ka plastic, ka uhi palaki. ʻO nā kiwi laina i kūpono no nā pipelines PN≤16, me nā mea lining like ʻole, ʻaʻole like ke kūpaʻa wela, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. ʻO ka ʻili palaki: ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino o ka ʻili palaki e like me ka mea e pili ana i nā plastics ma luna. Eia nō naʻe, i ke koho ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka pale ʻana o ka corrosion o nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā ʻili palaki. ʻO ka uhi ʻana i ka lāʻau: palupalu ka lāʻau, no laila nui nā kiwi e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻili lāʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa corrosion a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hana o ka valve. ʻOkoʻa loa ka pale ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole. Ma hope o ka vulcanization o ka ʻakika maoli hiki ke kū i ka waika non-oxidizing, alkali, paʻakai corrosion, akā ʻaʻole kū i ka ikaika oxidants, e like me nitric acid, chromic acid, concentrated sulfuric acid corrosion, ʻaʻole hoʻi i kū i nā huahana petroleum a me kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe kino: no laila , ua hoʻololi mālie ʻia ka lāʻau kūlohelohe e ka lāʻau synthetic. ʻO ka NBR i loko o ka synthetic rubber ka maikaʻi o ka aila kūpaʻa, akā ʻaʻole ia e kū i ka oxidation acid, aromatic hydrocarbon, ester, ketone, ether a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ikaika ʻē aʻe; ʻO ka fluorine rubber ka maikaʻi o ka corrosion resistance, hiki ke kū i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka waikawa, ka alkali, ka paʻakai, nā huahana petroleum, hydrocarbons, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka pale pale e like me ka fluorine plastics; Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka polyether rubber i ka wai, ka aila, ka amonia, ka alkali a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Lead lining: ʻO ke alakaʻi he metala ikaika, akā ma muli o kāna mea palupalu, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e like me ka uhi ʻana o nā kiwi kūikawā. ʻO ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o ke kepau he mea pale ikaika. He mea kaulana ia e kū'ē i ka sulfuric acid. He kiʻekiʻe ka corrosion kū'ē i ka phosphoric acid, chromic acid, carbonic acid a me ka neutral solution, ka wai kai a me nā mea'ē aʻe, akā,ʻaʻole ia e kū i ka alkali a me ka hydrochloric acid corrosion, aʻaʻole kūpono no ka hanaʻana i kā lākou mau meaʻino.