Kev tshuaj xyuas cov teeb meem kev lag luam ntsib los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub valve thiab ntim hloov pauv hauv chaw nres tsheb fais fab

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov teeb meem kev lag luam ntsib los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub valve thiab ntim cov khoom hloov hauv lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab Qhov chaw ntawm lub valve installation yuav tsum yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm; Txawm hais tias lub installation yog ib ntus nyuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa lub valve handwheel thiab hauv siab (feem ntau 1.2 meters deb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm), kom nws yooj yim rau qhib thiab kaw lub valve. Pem teb valve handwheel yuav tsum tau nce, tsis txhob qaij, thiaj li zam kev ua haujlwm txawv txawv. Lub valve ntawm lub tshuab phab ntsa yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tawm hauv chav rau tus neeg teb xov tooj sawv ntsug. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kua qaub thiab alkali, tshuaj lom neeg tawm, txwv tsis pub muaj kev nyab xeeb heev. Lub rooj vag valve yuav tsum tsis txhob thim rov qab (xws li txhais tes lub log), txwv tsis pub lub nruab nrab yuav khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw npog lub valve rau lub sijhawm ntev ... Valve installation Thaum lub valve raug xaiv raug, nws yuav tsum raug ntsia, tswj thiab ua haujlwm kom raug. maximize nws efficiency. Qhov zoo ntawm valve installation ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev siv, yog li ceev faj yuav tsum tau them nyiaj. (1) Kev taw qhia thiab txoj hauj lwm Muaj ntau lub li qub muaj cov kev taw qhia, xws li lub ntiaj teb valve, lub valve throttle, siab txo valve, kos valve, thiab lwm yam, yog tias ntsia rov qab, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau kev siv thiab lub neej (xws li lub valve), lossis tsis ua haujlwm tag nrho (xws li lub siab txo lub valve), lossis ua rau muaj kev phom sij (xws li kos valve). General li qub, cov cim qhia ntawm lub cev valve; Yog tias tsis muaj, nws yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas kom raug raws li txoj cai ua haujlwm ntawm lub valve. Lub valve chamber ntawm lub ntiaj teb valve yog asymmetric, yog li cov kua yuav tsum dhau los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj valve los ntawm hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj, kom cov dej tsis kam yog me me (txiav txim siab los ntawm cov duab), qhib kev txuag hluav taws xob (vim qhov nruab nrab siab. ), tom qab kaw qhov nruab nrab tsis nias lub ntim, yooj yim txij nkawm. Qhov no yog vim li cas lub ntiaj teb valve tsis tuaj yeem ntsia tau. Lwm cov valve muaj lawv tus kheej yam ntxwv. Txoj haujlwm ntawm lub valve installation yuav tsum yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm; Txawm hais tias lub installation yog ib ntus nyuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa lub valve handwheel thiab hauv siab (feem ntau 1.2 meters deb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm), kom nws yooj yim rau qhib thiab kaw lub valve. Pem teb valve handwheel yuav tsum tau nce, tsis txhob qaij, thiaj li zam kev ua haujlwm txawv txawv. Lub valve ntawm lub tshuab phab ntsa yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tawm hauv chav rau tus neeg teb xov tooj sawv ntsug. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kua qaub thiab alkali, tshuaj lom neeg tawm, txwv tsis pub muaj kev nyab xeeb heev. Lub rooj vag valve tsis thim rov qab (uas yog, txhais tes log), txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau qhov nruab nrab khaws cia hauv lub valve npog qhov chaw rau lub sijhawm ntev, yooj yim rau corrosion ntawm qia, thiab rau qee cov txheej txheem yuav tsum taboo. Nws yog qhov tsis yooj yim heev los hloov cov ntim khoom tib lub sijhawm. Qhib qia rooj vag li qub, tsis txhob nruab hauv av, txwv tsis pub damp yuav corrode raug qia. Lift check valve, installation los xyuas kom meej tias lub disc ntsug, thiaj li nqa tau yooj yim. Lub viav vias kos li qub yuav tsum tau nruab nrog kab rov tav tus pin ncej kom yooj yim viav vias. Lub siab nyem valve yuav tsum tau muab ntsia rau hauv txoj hauj lwm upright ntawm txoj kab rov tav, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob tig mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia. (2) Kev tsim kho kev lag luam Kev teeb tsa thiab kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau ceev faj, tsis txhob tsoo cov khoom siv los ntawm lub valve. Ua ntej kev teeb tsa, lub valve yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas los xyuas cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab txheeb xyuas seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qia. Tsis tas li ntawd tig ob peb zaug kom pom tias nws yog skewed, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev thauj mus los, ** yooj yim rau ntaus lub valve qia. Kuj *** valve khib nyiab. Thaum lub valve yog hoisted, txoj hlua yuav tsum tsis txhob muab khi rau ntawm tes los yog qia kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom no, tab sis yuav tsum tau khi rau lub flange. Rau cov kav dej txuas nrog lub valve, nco ntsoov ntxuav. Cov cua compressed tuaj yeem siv los tshuab tawm hlau oxide, xuab zeb, vuam slag thiab lwm yam khib nyiab. Cov sundries, tsis tsuas yog yooj yim mus khawb qhov sealing nto ntawm lub valve, nrog rau cov khoom loj ntawm sundries (xws li vuam slag), tab sis kuj ntsaws lub valve me me, kom nws ua tsis tiav. Nruab cov ntsia hlau valve, yuav tsum yog lub sealing packing (xov thiab txhuas roj los yog ptfe raw khoom siv), pob nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab xov, tsis txhob mus rau lub valve, thiaj li tsis mus rau lub valve nco cov khoom, cuam tshuam cov ndlwg ntawm xov xwm. Thaum txhim kho flanged li qub, nruj bolts symmetrically thiab tusyees. Valve flanges thiab cov yeeb nkab flanges yuav tsum yog tib yam, thiab qhov kev tshem tawm yog tsim nyog kom tsis txhob muaj siab dhau los yog tawg ntawm lub valve. Rau cov ntaub ntawv nkig thiab tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm lub valve, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog saib xyuas. Lub valve yuav tsum tau welded nrog cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau qhov chaw-welded ua ntej, ces qhib tag nrho cov kaw qhov chaw, thiab ces welded mus rau tuag. (3) Cov chaw tiv thaiv Ib txhia li qub kuj xav tau kev tiv thaiv sab nraud, uas yog rwb thaiv tsev thiab cua txias. Thaum tshav kub kub tracing chav piping yog qee zaum ntxiv rau txheej rwb thaiv tsev. Dab tsi ntawm valve yuav tsum tau insulated los yog txias, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, qhov twg lub valve nruab nrab kom txo qhov kub thiab txias ntau dhau, yuav cuam tshuam rau kev tsim khoom los yog khov lub valve, koj yuav tsum khaws cov cua sov, lossis txawm tias cua sov; Qhov twg lub valve nthuav tawm, tsis zoo rau kev tsim khoom lossis ua rau Frost thiab lwm yam tshwm sim tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum tiv thaiv khaub thuas. Cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev yog asbestos, slag wool, iav ntaub plaub, perlite, diatomite, vermiculite thiab lwm yam; Khaws cov khoom txias muaj cork, perlite, ua npuas ncauj, yas tos. Cov dej thiab chav dej uas tsis siv rau lub sijhawm ntev yuav tsum tau tso tawm. (4) By-passes thiab instruments Qee lub li qub muaj bypasses thiab gauges ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog. Ib tug bypass yog ntsia los pab tswj cov cuab yeej. Lwm cov li qub tseem raug ntsia los ntawm kev hla. Bypass installation nyob ntawm valve mob, qhov tseem ceeb thiab ntau lawm yuav tsum tau. (5) Hloov cov khoom ntim khoom Tshuag, qee qhov ntim tsis zoo, thiab qee qhov tsis sib xws nrog kev siv xov xwm, uas yuav tsum tau hloov cov ntim khoom. Valve manufacturers tsis tuaj yeem xav txog kev siv ntau txhiab units ntawm cov xov xwm sib txawv, lub thawv ntim khoom ib txwm muaj cov khoom ntim zoo tib yam, tab sis thaum siv, yuav tsum cia cov muab tub lim thiab qhov nruab nrab hloov. Thaum hloov cov muab tub lim, nias rau hauv ib puag ncig thiab puag ncig. Txhua lub nplhaib sib koom tsim nyog rau 45 degrees, lub nplhaib thiab lub nplhaib sib koom ua ke stagger 180 degrees. Qhov siab ntawm packing yuav tsum xav txog chav tsev rau ntxiv compression ntawm lub caj pas. Tam sim no, qhov qis ntawm lub caj pas yuav tsum tau nias kom haum rau qhov tob ntawm lub ntim chamber, uas feem ntau tuaj yeem yog 10-20% ntawm tag nrho qhov tob ntawm lub packing chamber. Rau qhov xav tau li qub, seam Angle yog 30 degrees. Cov pob qij txha ntawm cov nplhaib yog staggered los ntawm 120 degrees. Ntxiv rau cov khoom ntim saum toj no, tab sis kuj raws li qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, roj hmab O nplhaib (natural roj hmab tsis kam mus rau 60 degrees Celsius tsis muaj zog alkali, butanol roj hmab tsis kam mus rau 80 degrees Celsius roj cov khoom, Fluorine roj hmab resistant rau ntau yam corrosive xov xwm hauv qab no 150 degrees Celsius) peb stacked polytetrafluoroethylene nplhaib (resistant rau muaj zog corrosive xov xwm hauv qab no 200 degrees Celsius) nylon tais nplhaib (resistant to ammonia, alkali hauv qab no 120 degrees Celsius) thiab lwm yam forming muab tub lim. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) raw daim kab xev yog qhwv sab nraum cov asbestos coil zoo tib yam, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv sealing thiab txo cov electrochemical corrosion ntawm qia. Thaum nias lub ntim, tig lub qia tib lub sijhawm kom nws txawm nyob ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv kev tuag ntau dhau. Tighten lub caj pas tusyees thiab tsis qaij. Muaj ntau qhov ntsuas ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm lub valve: sealing kev ntseeg tau, kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm, lub zog, nruj thiab lub neej, thiab lwm yam. Lub valve raug suav tias yog lub hauv paus hauv cov khoom siv thermal tag nrho, thiab muaj cov kua dej sib txuas sib txuas thiab kev co tswj. kev xav tau. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau cov ntsuas no, cov teeb meem loj hauv qab no yuav tsum tau daws ua ntej. 1 Kev tswj hwm (txiav txim siab qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub valve) Qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm lub ntsiab chav valve thiab reheat chav valve yog ib qho ntawm tsib qhov kev sib tsoo loj ntawm lub turbine, uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub valve qhib tsis ua raws li tus qauv tsim, suav nrog qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov tshuab, ua ntej ntawm kev mob stroke thiab lag, uas cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab kev co ntawm lub valve. Valve qhib tswj ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, yog li nws muaj nuj nqis heev thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm valve kev ntseeg tau, ntse valve yog lub ntsiab kev taw qhia ntawm kev tshawb fawb, ntse valve muaj kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kheej-judging tej yam kev mob, thiab real-time kev tswj tus kheej. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntse valve yog digital positioner. Digital positioner siv microprocessor los tso lub valve actuator kom raug, saib xyuas thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam ntawm lub valve. 2 Lub zog (yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li lub neej thiab kev nruj nruj) Kev pib nquag ntawm chav tsev ntawm lub zog ntawm lub valve thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm lub valve yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev tswj valve ntawm chav turbine, tsom rau kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los ntawm qhov teeb meem tswj valve, tam sim no zoo li lub zog ntawm qhov teeb meem tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Carolann Giovando, tus lwm thawj editor ntawm Power Engineering magazine, sau tias cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tsis txhob tsom tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj cov teeb meem, tab sis ntawm lub zog, lub neej thiab kev sib khi, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm valve. (1) Vim yog qhov nquag pib ntawm chav tsev, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub valve yuav tsis ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tshiab. Vim hais tias lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm lub valve yog tsim raws li lub hauv paus load, tus txheej txheem tsim tsuas yog raws li zoo li qub siab, kub, creep kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm nws lub zog, tsis muaj lub voj voog qaug zog lub neej teeb meem. Tam sim no cov kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv, tus qauv tsim yuav tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xav txog lub voj voog qis qis qis lub neej tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim, kom qhov kev tsim qauv zoo ib yam nrog rau kev ua haujlwm, thiaj li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ncua lub neej. (2) Vim yog qhov tsis raug ntawm kev tswj xyuas lub cev muaj zog, lub spool muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ntawm lub rooj zaum. Muaj cov fais fab nroj tsuag lub rooj fragmentation, fragmentation thaiv tau rushed mus rau hauv lub turbine, ua rau ib tug ntse poob nyob rau hauv turbine tso zis, rotor loj kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov txhaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau lub siab siab li qub, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim cavitation, thawj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm lub valve lub cev, lub cev lub cev tom qab tawg lub neej tsom xam thiab kev kwv yees yog tsim nyog kawm ntxiv. 3 vibration Valve qhib kev hloov, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub actuator thiab valve to yog qhov ua rau muaj kev vibration, kev co kev puas tsuaj rau lub valve nws tus kheej me me, tab sis qhov cuam tshuam rau tag nrho chav tsev yog qhov zoo, nyob rau hauv qis zaus oscillation. Qhov qis zaus oscillation ntawm chav tsev tau muab faib ua ob hom: ib qho yog cov roj zaj duab xis oscillation, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov roj zaj duab xis txhawb nqa cov kabmob hauv chav tsev kom ceev lossis tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm; Lwm qhov yog chav oscillation, uas yog ntau dua li cov roj zaj duab xis oscillation. Nws vibrates nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm chav excitation quab yuam thiab feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab lub tsev yog loaded. Valve qhib hloov thiab to yog qhov tseem ceeb ua rau lub zog oscillation. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias Tebchaws Meskas thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm qhov sib tsoo, Tuam Tshoj kuj tau tshwm sim 50 MW thiab 200 MW turbine tsoo raug xwm txheej, vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag, yog li qhov ua rau tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab, tab sis xav tias yuav muaj feem xyuam rau ob zaus oscillations. Yog li, kev tshem tawm thiab txo qis ntawm chav oscillations yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, uas nyob ntawm kev kawm txog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub valve thiab lub zog excitation generated los ntawm to. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm chav oscillation tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm kev tsim kom zoo lub valve qhib thiab kaw stroke. 4 Cov dej xau (sab hauv thiab tawm sab nraud) (1) Cov dej xau tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau kev co, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kuab paug thiab lub zog poob. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem xau, rau qee qhov, lub kaw lus tuaj yeem zam kev vibration, tab sis kuj ua rau lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom siv, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. (2) Lub neej ntawm lub siab-siab valve ntawm chav tsev supercritical yog qee zaum luv heev, thiab cov ntim yuav tsum tau hloov tom qab ob peb zaug ntawm kev pib. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kawm txog kev ntim khoom tshiab los yog tsim daim ntawv sealing zoo tshiab kom ntev lub neej thiab txhim kho kev lag luam kev ntseeg siab ntawm hom kev kub siab valve. - Tam sim no, theem ntawm cov txheej txheem tiav ntawm lub valve txuas ntxiv txhim kho, tsuas yog daws cov teeb meem saum toj no kom zoo, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub valve thiab zoo dua tag nrho.