Corrosion bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-eme ka valvụ mebie pipeline, ọkpọkọ, valvụ na nhọrọ sọftụwia sistemu ndị ọzọ agbakwunyere

Corrosion bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-akpata valvụ mebiri pipeline, ọkpọkọ, valvụ na nhọrọ sọftụwia ndị ọzọ jikọtara ọnụ Corrosion bụ mmebi na ngbanwe dị mma nke akụrụngwa n'okpuru mmetụta nke ọnọdụ dị iche iche. A na-ebute corrosion nke ọla n'ụzọ bụ isi site na corrosion organic chemical corrosion na ntụpọ kemịkalụ corrosion, ebe corrosion nke ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla na-emekarị site na mmetụta kemịkalụ ozugbo na nke anụ ahụ. Nrụrụ aka bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-akpata mmebi valvụ, ya mere, na ngwa valvụ, mmezi corrosion bụ ihe mbụ a ga-atụle. Nke mbụ, ụdị valvụ corrosion metal valve corrosion nwere ụdị abụọ, ya bụ corrosion symmetrical na corrosion akụkụ. Enwere ike nyochaa ọnụọgụ nke corrosion symmetrical site na nha nha corrosion kwa afọ. Metal akụrụngwa, elu ịdị ọcha graphite, laminated iko, poselin na ihe, dị ka size nke corrosion ọnụego nwere ike kewaa 4 akara ule: corrosion ọnụego ala karịa 0.05mm / a maka elu àgwà; Ọnụego corrosion dị n'etiti 0.05 na 0.5mm/a dị mma. Corrosion ọnụego na 0.5 ~ 1.5mm / a nwekwara ike-eji; Corrosion ọnụego nke ihe karịrị 1.5 mm / a adịghị adabara, tu elu nke valvụ, valvụ oche, pulse dampers, obere mmiri ụdị niile nke valvụ n'ozuzu na-eji larịị nke ngwaọrụ, dị ka mmanụ efere, otu valvụ maka secondary ma ọ bụ tertiary. akụrụngwa, dị ka na elu mgbali, nsi, flammable, flammable, redioaktivu ihe valvụ,, ojiji nke obere corrosive ihe. 1, Symmetrical corrosion Uniform corrosion na-apụta n'elu igwe niile. Dị ka igwe anaghị agba nchara efere, aluminum, titanium na na na ikuku ọxịdashọn eke gburugburu ebe obibi kpụrụ a oyi akwa nke na-echebe film, film metal corrosion symmetry. Enwekwara ọnọdụ ebe elu igwe na-emebi emebi, na ụdị corrosion a kacha dị ize ndụ. 2, ele mmadụ anya n'ihu corrosion Mpaghara corrosion emee na akụkụ ụfọdụ nke metal, ọdịdị ya bụ porous corrosion, ọdịiche corrosion, intergranular corrosion, delamination corrosion, esịtidem stress corrosion, ike ọgwụgwụ corrosion, nhọrọ corrosion, mmebi corrosion, cavitation corrosion, vibration corrosion, hydrogen corrosion. , wdg .. Ọkpụkpọ corrosion na-emekarị emee na metal nke passivated film ma ọ bụ na-echebe film, n'ihi na e nwere adịghị ike na metal elu, aqueous ngwọta nwere ike ibibi ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike nti ion nke passivated film, nke mere na passivated film na- partially ebibi, n'ime Ọdịdị dị n'ime nke ígwè ahụ, n'ime oghere corrosion, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụdị mmebi nke mbibi ígwè na ihe ize ndụ nchekwa. Ọpụpụ corrosion na-apụta na gburugburu eke dị ka ịgbado ọkụ, riveting, gasket ma ọ bụ mmiri ozuzo. Ọ bụ ụdị pụrụ iche nke pitting corrosion. Ụzọ isi zere nke a bụ ikpochapụ oghere ahụ. Intergranular corrosion bụ dislocation netwọk corrosion kpatara nke omimi metal Ọdịdị n'akụkụ elu. Isi ihe na-akpata corrosion intergranular bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-enweghị ezi uche na ịbịaru oyi, ma e wezụga ihe fọdụrụ na nkwụsị. Njikọ ịgbado ọkụ nke martensitic igwe anaghị agba nchara dị mfe ime ka chromium ogbenye mpaghara na-ata ahụhụ corrosion. Intergranular corrosion bụ ụdị corrosion a na-ahụkarị na nke dị ize ndụ na nchara alloy dị ala. Iji zere intercrystalline corrosion mere site dị iche iche ala alloy ígwè valves, e nwere: na-ebu okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ na tempering okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ "ihe ngwọta, ya bụ, kpo oku ka 1100 ℃ elu na downstream mmiri quenching, iji ala alloy ígwè na titanium na niobium, na Ihe dị n'ime carbon nke 0.03% dị n'okpuru, belata ihe kpatara chromium carburized bụ lamellar nrụrụ n'ime ụlọ na-eme mgbe corrosion na nrụgide nrụgide na-eme n'otu oge ahụ dị ka usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ si ewepụ ma ọ bụ belata nrụgide dị n'ime ime na ịgbado ọkụ eletrik na ịbịaru oyi, meziwanye valvụ na-enweghị ezi uche. ihe owuwu, gbochie nrụgide, họrọ nlekọta kemịkalụ organic, mkpuchi ụlọ na-eguzogide corrosion, tinye desulfurizer, mụbaa nrụgide n'ime na ihe mgbochi ndị ọzọ. Ike ọgwụgwụ nrụrụ na-apụta n'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ nke nrụrụ nrụrụ dị n'ime nke otu arụmọrụ, na-eme ka igwe gbawaa. Enwere ike ịmecha usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ iji wepụ ma ọ bụ belata nrụgide dị n'ime, ọgwụgwọ elu nke peening peening na ọgwụgwọ phosphating, chromium, nickel, ma ṅaa ntị na mkpuchi ahụ enweghị ike inwe nrụgide nkwụsịtụ na ihe mgbagwoju anya hydrogen. Nhọrọ nke corrosion na-apụta na akụrụngwa nwere ụdị kemịkal dị iche iche na ihe fọdụrụ. N'ebe ụfọdụ e kere eke, ụfọdụ ihe na-emebi emebi ma na-agbaze, na ihe ndị fọdụrụ na-adịghị emezi emezi bụ ụgbụgbọ mmanụ aṅụ. E nwere n'ozuzu ọla kọpa dezincification, alloy ọla kọpa desalinization, ezi ígwè graphitization na na. Mmebi mmebi bụ ụdị nrụrụ aka nke etolite site na mmebi mmiri na-emebi ọla na mmetụta corrosion nnọchi. Ọ bụ ihe na-emekarị corrosion nke valves. Ụdị corrosion a na-eme na protrusion. Ụzọ iji zere: jiri ihe ndị na-eguzogide corrosion na-eguzogide ọgwụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ, na-emeziwanye nhazi n'ozuzu, họrọ pipeline cathodic nchebe, wdg Cavitation corrosion, nke a makwaara dị ka cavitation na cavitation, bụ ụdị pụrụ iche nke mmebi mmebi. Ọ bụ afụ kpụrụ na mmiri mmiri, na mbibi nke ujo ife, na-arụ ọrụ nrụgide nwere ike iru 400 ikuku mgbali, nke mere na metal echebe film mebiri, na ọbụna akwa metal ahụ. Mgbe ahụ, ihe nkiri corrosion, usoro a dum na-aga n'ihu, nke mere na nchara ígwè. Iji zere cavitation corrosion, ihe na-eguzogide ọgwụ cavitation corrosion nwere ike ji mee ihe, mmepụta elu na elu ire ụtọ, ductility nchebe oyi akwa na pipeline cathodic nchebe, wdg Esemokwu corrosion bụ ibe nghọta nke abụọ components n'otu oge na-ebu ibu, kọntaktị ebe ruru ka vibration na mpịakọta mmebi. Corrosion na-eme mkpọtụ na-eme na njikọ skru, oche valvụ na akụkụ nso nke njikọ ahụ, ntụgharị na-atụgharị na ogwe n'etiti ọnọdụ ahụ. Ị nwere ike họrọ griiz, belata esemokwu, n'elu phosphating ọgwụgwọ, ojiji nke carbide ngwá ọrụ, na ojiji nke ịgba tile ngwọta ma ọ bụ oyi ịdọrọ na-eme ka elu ike nke ụzọ nchekwa nchekwa. Nrụrụ aka bụ mmebi nke mgbasa nke atom hydrogen na kemịl organic na-ebute n'ime nhazi nke metal, na ụdị ya bụ hydrogen bulges, hydrogen embrittlement na hydrogen corrosion. Nchara siri ike na nchara nwere ihe na-abụghị metal na-adịkarị mfe ikuku hydrogen. Mmanụ crude nwere sulfates na hydrides na-enwekarị ikuku hydrogen. Họrọ nchara nwere oghere kama carbon ígwè nkịtị nwere oghere, were plastik na ndozi plastik, tinye desulfurizer nwere ike ịzenarị mgbawa. Ngwunye lattice mgbe niile nke ígwè siri ike dị elu na ntụgharị. Mgbe atom hydrogen batara, lattice na-adịgide adịgide nke 4 kwesịrị ịgbanwe nke ukwuu, na-ebute mgbawa ego na-agbaji. Ekwesịrị iji ígwè carbon nwere nickel na lead mee ihe iji gbochie iji efere ígwè dị elu nke nwere nnukwu ikuku hydrogen. Ekwesịrị igbochi ma ọ bụ ibelata ikuku hydrogen na ịgbado ọkụ eletrik, usoro electroplating na ngafe pickling. Hydrogen na-abanye na igwe ahụ na oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide mgbe niile, a na-ebibikwa ya site na mmeghachi omume exothermic nke nwere ihe mejupụtara nke a na-akpọ hydrogen corrosion. Obere alloy ígwè na-eguzogide nke ọma na hydrogen corrosion. 3, na-abụghị metal corrosion Non-ọla corrosion nwere otu size dị ka metal corrosion. Ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla bụ ndị na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik, nke na-adịghị adị mfe ime ka corrosion kemịkal kemịkalụ, mana oke kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ corrosion anụ ahụ, nke bụkwa isi ihe dị iche na corrosion metal. Nzuzo na-abụghị ọla abụghịcha nke enweghị ike ndọda mana ọ na-abụkarị ibu ibu. Maka corrosion ọla, enweghị ike ndọda bụ kpọmkwem. A na-ebutekarị corrosion na-abụghị ọla bụ site na mmetụta anụ ahụ, nke dị oke ụkọ. Ihe owuwu ime ụlọ na-abụghị ọla bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, ebe corrosion igwe na-adị n'elu corrosion. Mgbe ígwè akụrụngwa na mgbasa ozi kọntaktị, aqueous ngwọta ma ọ bụ ikuku ga-eji nwayọọ na-agbasa na esịtidem Ọdịdị nke data, nke mere na a usoro nke corrosion mgbanwe nke na-abụghị metal, dị ka edemede na ụdị nke na-abụghị metal ngwaọrụ, ha corrosion. ụdị dị iche. Ọdịdị nke corrosion na-agbaze, ọzịza, afụ, dị nro, a ga-enwe mgbasa, na-ada mbà, mgbanwe àgwà, ịka nká, ala siri ike, mgbawa na ihe ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, site n'echiche mgbanwe mgbanwe, ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla nwere mma corrosion mma karịa ihe ígwè, ma ọ bụghị ike mkpakọ nke metal ihe, ma obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide karịa ígwè ihe.