Kusanthula kwachidule kwa zolakwika zomwe wamba komanso miyezo yowunikira pakuwunika mawonekedwe a valve

Kuwunikira mwachidule za zolakwika zomwe wamba komanso miyezo yowunikira mawonekedwe a valve Torque ndiye mphamvu yomwe imapangitsa kuti chinthu chitembenuke. Ma torque a injini ndiye mphamvu yotulutsa injini kuchokera kumapeto kwa crankshaft. Pansi pa mphamvu yokhazikika, ndi yosiyana molingana ndi liwiro la injini. Kuthamanga kwachangu, torque yaying'ono, komanso torque yayikulu, yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwagalimoto mumtundu wina. Kufotokozera kwa dzina: torque Torque ndi mphamvu yomwe imapangitsa kuti chinthu chitembenuke. Ma torque a injini ndiye mphamvu yotulutsa injini kuchokera kumapeto kwa crankshaft. Pansi pa mphamvu yokhazikika, ndi yosiyana molingana ndi liwiro la injini. Kuthamanga kwachangu, torque yaying'ono, komanso torque yayikulu, yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwagalimoto mumtundu wina. Kodi njira yowerengera torque ya valve ndi iti? Valve torque ndi gawo lofunikira la valavu, abwenzi ambiri amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwerengera kwa torque ya valve. Pansipa, netiweki yapa fakitale yapadziko lonse lapansi kuti mufotokozere mwatsatanetsatane mawerengedwe a torque ya ma valve. Kuwerengera kwa torque ya vavu ndi motere: Theka la valavu m'mimba mwake x 3.14 lalikulu ndi gawo la mbale ya valve, yochulukidwa ndi kukakamiza kwa valve (ndiko kuti, ntchito ya valve yothamanga) jambulani shaft pa static pressure, kuchulukitsa ndi coefficient of friction. (onani tebulo la 0.1 chitsulo chowombera mphira, 0.15), kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa nkhwangwa yogawanika ndi 1000 pamagetsi othamanga, ng'ombe, mamita, chitetezo cha chitetezo cha zipangizo zamagetsi ndi pneumatic ma actuators ndi nthawi 1.5 za torque ya valve. Vavu ikapangidwa, kusankha kwa actuator kumayerekezedwa, komwe kumagawidwa m'magawo atatu: 1. Torque ya Friction of seals (sphere ndi valve seat) 2. Friction torque yonyamula pa tsinde la valve 3. Friction torque of bear on tsinde la valve Choncho, kuthamanga kowerengetsera nthawi zambiri kumakhala 0,6 nthawi zambiri (zokhudza kupanikizika kwa ntchito), ndipo kugunda kwachitsulo kumatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi zinthuzo. Makokedwe owerengeka amachulukitsidwa ndi 1.3 ~ 1.5 nthawi kuti asankhe actuator. Kuwerengera kwa torque ya vavu kuyenera kuganizira za kukangana pakati pa mbale ya valve ndi mpando, kukangana pakati pa shaft ya valve ndi kulongedza, ndi kukankhira kwa mbale ya valve pansi pa kusiyana kosiyana. Chifukwa pali MITUNDU yambiri ya disc, mpando ndi kulongedza, iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu yotsutsana yosiyana, kukula kwa malo okhudzana, kuchuluka kwa kuponderezana, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amayezedwa ndi chida m'malo mowerengera. Mtengo wowerengedwa wa torque ya valve ndi wamtengo wapatali, koma sungathe kukopera kwathunthu. Chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri, kuwerengera kwa torque ya valve sikulondola kuposa zotsatira zoyesera. Zowonongeka Zodziwika ndi Zowunika Zowunika Kuwunika kwa mawonekedwe a ma valve Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa kupanga zinthu, kuyang'anira khalidwe ndi kuvomereza pa malo, mulingo uliwonse uli ndi ziweruzo zosiyana za zolakwika, ndipo nthawi zina padzakhala zosiyana zoyendera. Mwachitsanzo, valavu yonyezimira mankhwala muyezo GB/T 1228-2006 amalola zilema mkati malire kukula kwa 5% kapena 1.5mm, ndi kuponyera vavu mankhwala muyezo JB/T 7927-2014 amalola zitsanzo ziwiri za zolakwika mu A ndi B. Malinga kumunda wovomerezeka wa SY/T 4102-2013, kunja kwa valavu sikukhala ndi ming'alu, ma trachholes, khungu lolemera, mawanga, kuwonongeka kwamakina, dzimbiri, magawo osowa ndi ma nameplates Miyezo yovomerezeka pamalowo, mfundo zotsimikizira za zolakwika mulingo uliwonse ndizosiyana, ndipo nthawi zina zowunikira zosiyanasiyana zimawonekera. Mwachitsanzo, valavu yopangira zida za GB/T 1228-2006 imalola zolakwika mkati mwa kukula kwake kwa 5% kapena 1.5mm, ndipo muyezo wa JB/T 7927-2014 umalola zitsanzo ziwiri za zolakwika mu A ndi B. Muyezo wovomerezeka wa valavu SY/T 4102-2013 umanena kuti kunja kwa valavu sikukhala ndi ming'alu, mabala, khungu lolemera, mawanga, kuwonongeka kwa makina, dzimbiri, ziwalo zosowa, ma nameplates ndi kupukuta utoto, ndi zina zotero. SH 3515-2013 imanena kuti thupi la valve likaponyedwa, pamwamba pake liyenera kukhala losalala, lopanda ming'alu, mabowo ophwanyika, ma tracholes, pores, burrs ndi zolakwika zina; pamene thupi la valve limapangidwira, pamwamba pake sayenera kukhala ndi ming'alu, interlayers, zikopa zolemera, mawanga, kusowa kwa mapewa ndi zolakwika zina. Mafuta ndi gasi amatha kuyaka, kuphulika, komanso kuwononga. Kuphatikiza pakutsatira mosamalitsa muyezo wa SH3518-2013 womwe wapatsidwa, kuyang'anira mtundu wa valavu kuyeneranso kutanthauza momwe ma valve amavomerezera komanso momwe ma valve amapangidwira. Pamene akulangiza ndi kusankha opanga ogulitsa, kulimbikitsa kuyang'ana kwa fakitale, kuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe la valve kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa malo a chilema, kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Ndipo valavu yogwira ntchito, sing'anga yogwira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe kuti iwunikenso mokwanira, osati kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino, komanso kuchita chilungamo, chilungamo. Kuwunika kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe Mu 2014, ma valve 170284 amitundu yosiyanasiyana adayesedwa ndi Changqing Oilfield Technology Monitoring Center, ndipo ma valve 5622 anali osayenera, ndi mlingo wosayenerera wa 3.30%, pakati pawo ma valve 2817 anali osayenerera pakuwunika khalidwe, kuwerengera. 50.11% ya chiwerengero chonse cha mavavu osayenerera. Waukulu trachoma, pores, ming'alu, makina kuwonongeka, shrinkage, zizindikiro ndi thupi khoma makulidwe osayenera dongosolo ndi kukula. 1. Mawonekedwe a maonekedwe Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti mapeto a tsinde sakukonzedwa, tsinde ndi gudumu lamanja sizingagwirizane kwambiri, valavu siisinthika kuti itseguke ndi kutseka, kapena makulidwe a khoma la valve, m'mimba mwake. tsinde ndi kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake sizimakwaniritsa zofunikira. Kutalika kwa Z41H-25 DN50 valve valve ndi 230mm molingana ndi muyezo, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 178mm. 2. Njira yoyendera Mapangidwe a valve akhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuyang'anitsitsa. Makulidwe a khoma la thupi la valve nthawi zambiri amayezedwa ndi akupanga makulidwe mita, ndipo kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake kumayesedwa ndi ma vernier calipers, miyeso ya tepi, olamulira akuya ndi zida zina ndi zida. Gawo loyezedwa liyenera kupukutidwa bwino pamene makulidwe a khoma ayesedwa, kuti asakhudze kulondola kwa mayeso. Thupi laling'ono khoma makulidwe nthawi zambiri limawonekera mbali zonse za ndime yoyenda kapena pansi pa thupi. 3. Mavavu owunikira zolakwika ALI NDI ZOSAVUTA ZA VALVE, makulidwe a khoma la thupi, kutalika KWA kapangidwe, NDI m'mimba mwake amaonedwa kuti NONconforming. Trachoma ndi stoma Kutsika ndi porosity 1. Mawonekedwe a maonekedwe Kutsika ndi porosity nthawi zambiri zimakhala mu gawo lolimba la valve yoponya (yotentha) kapena gawo la kusintha kwapangidwe. Shrinkage ndi lotayirira pamwamba pamwamba popanda makutidwe ndi okosijeni mtundu, osasamba mawonekedwe, akhakula pore khoma limodzi ndi zosafunika zambiri ndi pores yaing'ono. 2. Njira yoyendera Kutsika ndi mawonekedwe otayirira sikophweka kupeza, ndipo kutayikira kumachitika nthawi zambiri pakuyesa kuthamanga. Pakuyezetsa, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa ku zigawo za shrinkage za pakamwa, chokwera ndi valavu ya valve. Pambuyo pa kuyesedwa, zigawo zomwe zili pamwambazi ziyenera kukhudzidwa ndi dzanja kuti zisawonongeke chifukwa cha kuphimba utoto. 3. Kuwunika kwachilema Kutsika kumakhala kosavuta kuchititsa kuti ma valve asamapitirire, kuchepa kapena kutayika kuyenera kuganiziridwa ngati awiri osayenera. Mng'alu 1. Mawonekedwe ake Mng'alu nthawi zambiri amawonekera pagawo lotentha la makoma awiri a valavu yopangira valavu ndi gawo losinthika, monga muzu wa flange ndi pamwamba pa khoma lakunja la valavu. Kuzama kwa mng'aluyo ndi wosazama, nthawi zambiri kumadalira mizere yatsitsi. Maonekedwe a mng'alu otentha ndi opweteka komanso osakhazikika, kusiyana kwake ndi kwakukulu, gawo la mtanda ndilokhazikika kwambiri, ndipo ming'alu sizitsulo zachitsulo, ndipo mng'alu umapezeka ndikukula m'malire a tirigu. Mng'alu wozizira nthawi zambiri umakhala wowongoka, chitsulo pamwamba pake sichikhala ndi okosijeni, ndipo ming'aluyo nthawi zambiri imadutsa njere mpaka gawo lonse. 2. Njira yoyendera Kuwonjezera pa kuyang'anitsitsa kowoneka, maginito ufa kapena kufufuza kwa osmotic kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ming'alu pamtunda wa valve. 3. Kuwunika kwachilema Kukhalapo kwa ming'alu kumachepetsa kunyamula gawo la valve, ndipo mapeto a ming'alu amapanga nsonga zakuthwa, ndipo kupanikizika kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kosavuta kukulitsa ndi kuchititsa kulephera. Kawirikawiri mwachiwonekere ming'alu yowonekera sikuloledwa, mosasamala kanthu za malo awo ndi kukula kwawo akuweruzidwa ngati osayenera. Mng'aluwo ukapezeka, ukhoza kupukutidwa ndi gudumu lopera. Ngati zatsimikiziridwa kuti ming'aluyo yathetsedwa kwathunthu, pamwamba pa valve sichikuwonongeka, ndipo makulidwe ake ndi ochepa komanso osaonekera, akhoza kuweruzidwa kuti ndi oyenerera, mwinamwake adzatengedwa ngati kubwerera. Kuwonongeka kwamakina 1. Mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe Kuwonongeka kwa makina ndi valavu yomwe imayendetsa, kunyamula, kukweza, kukweza ndi zina zotero, kugogoda, kudula, kudula ndi kuwonongeka kwina, monga convex kapena ndege kusindikiza flange kusindikiza pamwamba, indentation, kuponyera chokwera mpweya kudula pamwamba ndi kupanga m'mphepete kudula zolakwika zopangidwa ndi kusakonza. Zowonongeka izi zimafika pakuya kwina, zidzakhudzanso ubwino ndi moyo wa valve. 2. Njira yoyendera Kuwonongeka Kwamakina KUKHALA KWA VALVU KUTHA KUDZIWIKA NDI KUPWIRITSA NTCHITO, NDIPO KUYA KWA CHILEMERO KUTHA KUYESA NDI WOLEMBEDWA WOSANGALALA WOSANGALALA KAPENA KUYA KWAMBIRI. 3. Kuwunika kwachilema Zowonongeka zamakina, kuwonongeka kwamakina ndi zolakwika pamakina osindikizira a convex kapena ndege zomata flanges, komanso zokopa ndi tokhala pa mbali ziwiri za mphete yolumikizana ndi kusindikiza kwapamwamba, zidzakhudza kusindikiza katundu wa ma valve flanges ndi nthawi zambiri saloledwa kukhalapo. Flange sichimasindikizidwa, thupi ndi kuphimba pamwamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina malinga ngati kuya kuli mkati mwa malipiro, sizimakhudza khalidwe lonse la valve, zikhoza kuvomerezedwa ngati mankhwala oyenerera. Komabe, zipsera zakuthwa ziyenera kupukutidwa kuti zipewe kupsinjika. Chizindikiritso cha thupi la vavu ndi ena Kukula kwakukulu kwa khoma la thupi, kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake sikuli koyenerera kapena kukakamiza mwadzina kwa thupi pakufa, chizindikirocho chilipo chodabwitsa chakusintha, njira yoyendera iyenera kuteteza mbale kapena valavu yotsika kwambiri m'malo mwake. valavu yothamanga kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwadzina "25" kuponyedwa pa valve ya Z41H-25 DN50 ya valavu yasinthidwa, ndipo makulidwe a valavu amayesedwa kuti ndi 7.8mm, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi 8.8mm. kwa ma valve omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani a petrochemical. Ndi valavu ya 1.6mpa m'malo mwa valavu ya 2.5mpa mutapukuta chizindikirocho. mapeto Kuyesa kupanikizika kungatheke kokha pambuyo poti mawonekedwe a valve adutsa kuyang'ana. Ngati mawonekedwe ake sali oyenerera, valavu idzatuluka panthawi yoyesera, ndipo ngozi yowonongeka idzachitika kwambiri. Ngati cholakwikacho sichinadziwike, chimayambitsa zinyalala zosafunikira komanso mikangano yabwino. Choncho, ntchito zosiyanasiyana za valve ndi zodalirika sizili zofanana, zolakwika zovomerezeka sizifanana, kutsimikiza kwa zolakwika za valve pamwamba ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito valavu, mtundu wa zolakwika, malo, kukula ndi kusanthula kwina kulikonse, mu kuti afufuze zasayansi, chilungamo, chilungamo, kuti akwaniritse zosowa za zomangamanga zamafuta ndi gasi.