Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mavavu osiyanasiyana Mavavu akulu awiri chifukwa chovuta kusintha? Kodi kuthetsa izo?
Gulu pogwiritsira ntchito ndi ntchito
The truncation valve makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kapena kulumikiza kuyenda kwapakati. Kuphatikizira valavu yachipata, valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi, valavu ya diaphragm, valavu ya mpira, valavu ya pulagi, valavu ya disc, valavu ya plunger, valavu ya pulagi ya mpira, valavu ya chida cha singano, ndi zina zotero.
Valavu yoyendetsera ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza kayendedwe ka sing'anga, kupanikizika, etc. Kuphatikizira valve yoyendetsa, valve throttle, kuchepetsa valve ndi zina zotero.
Ma valve owunikira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza media backflow. Ma valve owunika amitundu yosiyanasiyana amaphatikizidwa.
Ma valve diverter amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatukana, kugawa kapena kusakaniza media. Kuphatikizirapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya valavu yogawa ndi msampha, etc.
Vavu yachitetezo chapakatikati mopitilira muyeso pomwe chitetezo chachitetezo. Mitundu yonse ya ma valve otetezera ikuphatikizidwa.
Amasankhidwa ndi magawo akuluakulu
(a) molingana ndi magulu amphamvu
Kuthamanga kwa valve ya vacuum pansi pa valve yokhazikika ya mumlengalenga.
Valve yotsika ya valve yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwadzina PN yochepera 1.6MPa.
Kuthamanga kwapakati valavu mwadzina kuthamanga PN2.5 ~ 6.4MPa valavu.
Kuthamanga kwambiri valavu mwadzina kuthamanga PN10.0 ~ 80.0MPa valavu.
Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa vavu mwadzina PN wamkulu kuposa 100MPa valavu.
(2) molingana ndi kutentha kwapakati
Kutentha kwa ma valve T mavavu akulu kuposa 450C.
Sing'anga kutentha valavu 120C zosakwana T 450C valavu.
Vavu yotentha yachibadwa -40C
Vavu ya kutentha T zosakwana -100C valavu.
(3) malinga ndi gulu la zinthu za valavu
Vavu yazinthu zopanda zitsulo: monga valavu ya ceramic, valavu ya FRP, vavu yapulasitiki.
Vavu yachitsulo: monga valavu yamkuwa, valavu ya aluminiyamu, valavu yotsogolera, titaniyamu alloy valve, Monel alloy valve
Vavu yachitsulo chotayira, valavu yachitsulo cha kaboni, valavu yachitsulo, valavu yachitsulo yotsika, valavu yachitsulo yachitsulo.
Vavu yokhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo: monga valavu yotsogolera, valavu yapulasitiki yokhala ndi mizere, valavu ya enamel.
General classification system
Njira yogawayi siili molingana ndi mfundo, ntchito ndi kapangidwe kake, ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunyumba ndi kunja. Nthawi zambiri, pali mavavu a zipata, ma valve padziko lonse lapansi, ma throttle ma valve, ma valavu a zida, mavavu a plunger, ma diaphragm mavavu, ma valve a pulagi, ma valve agulugufe, ma valve owunika, ma valve ochepetsa kuthamanga, ma valve otetezera, misampha, ma valve owongolera, ma valve pansi, zosefera. , ma valve opunthira, etc.
Chifukwa chiyani kumakhala kovuta kusintha ma valve akulu akulu? Kodi kuthetsa izo?
Kusanthula zifukwa zovuta kutsegula ndi kutseka lalikulu mavavu awiri
Avereji yopingasa malire a munthu wamkulu ndi 60-90kg, kutengera mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
Mayendedwe ambiri a valve yapadziko lonse lapansi amapangidwa kuti akhale otsika komanso okwera. Vavu ikatsekedwa, thupi la munthu limakankhira gudumu lamanja mozungulira kuti lizungulire, kotero kuti valavu ya valve imasunthira pansi ndikutseka. Panthawiyi, kuphatikiza kwa mbali zitatu za mphamvu ziyenera kugonjetsedwa, zomwe ndi:
1) axial jacking mphamvu Fa;
2) Mphamvu yolimbana pakati pa kulongedza ndi tsinde la valve Fb;
3) Tsinde limalumikizana ndi chimbale chapakati ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi Fc
Torque yonse ndi M=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R
Zitha kuwoneka kuti kukula kwake kumakhala kokulirapo, mphamvu ya axial jacking ndi yayikulu. Pamene ili pafupi ndi dziko lotsekedwa, mphamvu ya axial jacking ili pafupi ndi kupanikizika kwenikweni kwa network ya chitoliro (chifukwa P1-P2P1, P2 = 0 ikatsekedwa).
Mwachitsanzo, valavu ya DN200 caliber globe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chitoliro cha nthunzi cha 10bar, ndipo mawu ake * amatseka axial thrust Fa= 10R2 =3140kg. Mphamvu yozungulira yopingasa yofunika kutseka ili pafupi ndi malire a mphamvu yopingasa yozungulira yomwe thupi labwinobwino limatha kutulutsa. Choncho, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti munthu atseke valve pansi pa ntchitoyi.
Inde, mafakitale ena akuganiza kuti akhazikitse valavu yamtunduwu mmbuyo, yomwe imathetsa vuto lazovuta kutseka, koma pali vuto lovuta kutsegula mutatseka.
Kuwunika koyambitsa ma valve akulu akulu padziko lonse lapansi omwe amakonda kutayikira mkati
Valavu yayikulu yoyimitsa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera boiler, silinda yayikulu, wowongolera nthunzi ndi malo ena, malowa ali ndi mavuto awa:
1) Kusiyana kwapanikiza komwe kumachokera ku boiler nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokulirapo, motero kuchuluka kwa nthunzi kumakhalanso kokulirapo, komanso kukokoloka ndi chiwonongeko pamalo osindikizira nawonso ndi akulu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyaka kwa kotentha sikungakhale 100%, zomwe zingapangitse kuti kobowola kotulutsa madzi kukhale kokulirapo, kosavuta kupanga cavitation ndi kuwonongeka kwa cavitation pamadzi osindikizira a valve.
2) Pakutulutsa kwa boiler ndi valavu yodulidwa pafupi ndi silinda, chifukwa nthunzi yongotuluka mu boiler, pamakhala chodabwitsa chapakatikati, pakukhutitsidwa, ngati chithandizo chofewetsa madzi sichili chabwino kwambiri, Nthawi zambiri amatsitsa gawo la zinthu za asidi ndi zamchere, pamtunda wosindikiza umayambitsa dzimbiri ndi kukokoloka; Zinthu zina zowoneka bwino zimathanso kumangirizidwa ku kristalo wosindikiza ma valve, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu isatsekedwe mwamphamvu.
3) Valavu yolowera ndi kutulutsa kwa silinda yaying'ono, chifukwa kutentha kwa nthunzi pambuyo pa valavu kumayambitsidwa ndi zofunikira zopangira ndi zifukwa zina, kugwiritsira ntchito nthunzi kumakhala kwakukulu ndi kochepa, ngati kusintha kwakukulu kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake, ndiko. zosavuta kupanga kung'anima, cavitation ndi zochitika zina, motero kuchititsa kukokoloka, cavitation ndi kuwonongeka kwina kwa kusindikiza pamwamba pa valve.
4) Nthawi zambiri, pamene mapaipi akuluakulu a chitoliro amatsegulidwa, m'pofunika kuti payipi iyambe kutentha, ndipo ndondomeko yowotchera imafuna kuti mpweya udutse pang'ono, kotero kuti payipi imatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono komanso mofanana mpaka kufika pamlingo wina. valavu yodulidwa imatha kutsegulidwa kwathunthu, kuti mupewe kukula kwakukulu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwapaipi komanso kuwonongeka kwa mbali ina yolumikizira. Koma pochita izi, kutsegula kwa valve nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukokoloka kwa nthaka kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito nthawi zonse, kuchepetsa kwambiri moyo wautumiki wa valavu yosindikiza pamwamba.
Chophimba chachikulu choyimitsa valavu chovuta
1) Choyamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mavuvu osindikiza valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi kuti mupewe kukangana ndi valavu ya plunger ndi valavu yonyamula ndikusintha mosavuta.
2) mpando wa spool uyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zokhala ndi kukana kukokoloka kwabwino komanso kuvala, monga Siteli carbide;
3) Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mawonekedwe a disk awiri, osati chifukwa cha kutsegula pang'ono chifukwa cha kukokoloka kwakukulu, kumakhudza moyo wautumiki ndi kusindikiza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2022
