Kodi zaka za zana la 21 zidzakhala zotani? Ngati mutandifunsa zaka 20 zapitazo, nenani September 10, 2001, ndikanakhala ndi yankho lomveka bwino: kulimbikitsa ufulu. Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Khoma la Berlin, kutha kwa tsankho, ndi kusintha kwa Deng Xiaoping ku China, makhalidwe abwino akuwoneka kuti akusuntha-demokalase, capitalism, egalitarianism, ufulu waumwini.
Kenako m’zaka makumi angapo zotsatira, kufalikira kwa demokalase kunaletsedwa kenako n’kusinthidwa. Olamulira mwankhanza ku China, Central ndi Eastern Europe ndi zigawo zina ali ndi mphamvu. Talowa mu mpikisano wodziwika bwino pakati pa ufulu wa demokalase ndi authoritarianism.
Koma m’zaka zingapo zapitazi chinachake chochititsa chidwi chachitika: olamulira olamulira apeza Mulungu. Amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zachipembedzo monga zizindikiritso zautundu ndi mawu olimbikitsa. Anagwirizanitsa unyinji kumbuyo kwawo mwa kuyambitsa nkhondo zachikhalidwe zosatha. Amafotokozeranso mkangano wapadziko lonse lapansi: sulinso mkangano pakati pa demokalase ndi ulamuliro wankhanza; zili pakati pa kunyonyotsoka kwa makhalidwe a anthu osankhika a Kumadzulo ndi makhalidwe abwino ndi uzimu wapamwamba wa anthu wamba abwino a m’tauni yakwawo.
Panthaŵi imene kukopa kwa zipembedzo zenizeni kukucheperachepera, zaka za zana la 21 zikusanduka nyengo ya Jihad imene yafalikira padziko lonse lapansi.
Xi Jinping ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa utsogoleri wamtunduwu. Mao Zedong adanyoza China chisanachitike. Koma boma la Xi Jinping lachita khama kuvomereza miyambo yakale ndi miyambo yakale. Katswiri wina wa ku China, Max Oidtmann, ananena kuti pamene akukhazikitsa “makhalidwe abwino a chikhalidwe cha anthu”, amaletsa zipembedzo zodziimira paokha, zomwe ndi chikhulupiriro chomwe chimaphatikiza malingaliro a Confucianism, Taoism, Marxism, ndi Mao Zedong.
Sabata yatha, boma la China lidalamula kuti anthu otchuka "achikazi". Awa ndi nyenyezi zowoneka bwino zachimuna zokhala ndi umunthu wofatsa ndipo akuimbidwa mlandu wochitira akazi achimuna achi China. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zoyesayesa zowonetsera momwe boma limatetezera dziko la China ku nkhondo za chikhalidwe cha katangale wamakhalidwe akumadzulo.
Ulamuliro wopita pamwamba pa makhalidwe abwino uli ndi chikoka. Masiku ano, miyambo ikuchulukirachulukira kwambiri pakati pa anthu wamba achi China komanso anzeru komanso andale, Xuetong Yan wa ku yunivesite ya Tsinghua analemba mchaka cha 2018. Intaneti ya ku China tsopano yadzaza ndi zigawenga za anthu ophunzira aku America ndi ku Europe omwe amamenya nawo nkhondo. feminism, LGBTQ ufulu, etc.
Vladimir Putin ndi olamulira ena achigawo adasewera masewera omwewo. Putin wakhala akudzigwirizanitsa ndi afilosofi achipembedzo monga Ivan Ilin ndi Nikolai Berdyaev. M'nkhani ya Berkeley Center pa yunivesite ya Georgetown, Dmitry Uzlaner inanena kuti boma akudziumba yokha monga plast bastion wa valuesq Chikhristu kuteteza dziko kugwera mu liberalism. Kusokonezeka kwa makhalidwe.
Kumeneko kunalinso nkhondo zachikhalidwe. Boma lidaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kuyesa kuletsa kuchotsa mimba, kuchepetsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi nkhanza zapakhomo, kukhazikitsa malamulo onyoza Mulungu, komanso kuletsa kupereka chidziwitso chothandizira "kugonana kosagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe" kwa ana.
Ngakhale aulamuliro ku United States ndi Western Europe anayamba kutenga nawo mbali. Katswiri wodziŵa za nkhani zapadziko lonse, Tobias Cremer, wasonyeza kuti ambiri odzitcha okonda dziko lachikristu m’mayendedwe olondola monyanyira mbali zonse za nyanja ya Atlantic kwenikweni sali achipembedzo chotero.
Amayendetsedwa ndi nativism ndi maganizo odana ndi anthu othawa kwawo, ndiyeno akugwira chizindikiro cha Chikhristu kuti asiyanitse "iwo" ndi "ife". Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany, magulu a anthu a kumanja amene amadzitama mwaukali kuti ndi Akristu sachita bwino pakati pa ovota omwe ali ndi zikhulupiriro zenizeni zachipembedzo.
M'nkhani ina ku Berkeley Center, Kramer adalemba kuti zigawenga zaku America zakumanja zimagawa mitanda yachikhristu pamisonkhano, kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zankhondo m'ma memes awo, ndipo amathanso kufunafuna mgwirizano ndi magulu achikhristu osamala. Koma izi Sizikunena za chikhulupiriro chamoyo, champhamvu, chapadziko lonse, komanso chosiyana kwambiri ndi Yesu Khristu chochitidwa ndi mipingo yambiri yaku America masiku ano. M’malo mwake, Chikristu chandale mokulira chakhala mtundu wa chizindikiritso cha oyera. Secularized 'Christianity': chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe ndi chizindikiro choyera chomwe chingasinthidwe ndi ma Viking veneers, mbendera za Confederate, kapena zizindikiro zachikunja."
Maulamuliro awa ovala chovala chachipembedzo mwachibadwa adzadzutsa mkangano wotsutsana ndi chipembedzo pakati pa omwe tsopano akugwirizanitsa chipembedzo ndi ulamuliro wa authoritarianism, nativism, ndi hooliganism wamba. M’zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa anthu osapembedza ku Ulaya ndi ku United States sikunachepetse nkhondo zoopsa zachikhalidwe ndi zauzimu.
Olamulira achipembedzo chonyenga amawonjezera ngozi zamakhalidwe. Amakhala ngati kudzikonda, ufulu wachibadwidwe, kusiyanasiyana, kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, ufulu wa LGBTQ ndi ufulu wachipembedzo ndi mawonekedwe aposachedwa kwambiri a imperialism yamakhalidwe aku Western komanso chizindikiro cha chipwirikiti pamakhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe.
Ife omwe ali kumbali ya Western liberalism alibe chochita koma kulimbana ndi uzimu ndi chikhalidwe, kusonyeza kuti zambiri ndi zotsutsana ndi decadence, olemera mwauzimu, zothandiza ndi njira yothandiza kupititsa patsogolo ulemu waumunthu ndi kuthamanga. . Anthu ogwirizana.
The Times yadzipereka kufalitsa makalata osiyanasiyana kwa mkonzi. Tikufuna kumva malingaliro anu pa izi kapena zina mwazolemba zathu. Nawa malangizo. Iyi ndi imelo yathu: letters@nytimes.com.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-16-2021
