Ukadaulo unsembe: kukatentha chitoliro valavu unsembe chitoliro valavu unsembe ayenera kulabadira mfundo zitatu zotsatirazi

Ukadaulo woyika: Kuyika valavu yowotchera chitoliro valavu kuyenera kulabadira mfundo zitatu zotsatirazi (1) Musanakhazikitse mitundu yonse ya mavavu, yang'anani izi: ngati zida zolongedza zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe komanso ngati njira yolongedza ndiyolondola. Tsinde la valavu pa chisindikizo chonyamulira lachita dzimbiri. Kaya chosinthiracho chimakhala chosinthika komanso chizindikirocho ndicholondola. 1. Yang'anani valavu musanayike Pambuyo pake valve itasankhidwa bwino, iyenera kuikidwa bwino kuti iwonjezere mphamvu yake. Koma valavu iyenera kuikidwa musanayambe kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kuyang'anitsitsa. (1) Yang'anani zotsatirazi musanayike mitundu yonse ya mavavu: Ngati zodzaza zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe, komanso ngati njira yodzaza ndi yolondola. Tsinde la valavu pa chisindikizo chonyamulira lachita dzimbiri. Kaya chosinthiracho chimakhala chosinthika komanso chizindikirocho ndicholondola. Mawonekedwe a valve oponyera popanda zowoneka bwino zopanga. (2) Kutsekedwa kuyenera kufufuzidwa musanakhazikitsidwe Monga chigawo chotsekedwa cha valve (yomwe imagwira ntchito yodzipatula), iyenera kuikidwa musanayambe kuyesedwa kolimba, kuyang'ana mpando ndi pakati pa valve, chivundikiro ndi chipinda chonyamula chophatikizira. kukanika. Kuyesa kolimba kwa valve kudzachitika nthawi 1.25 kukakamiza kwa nameplate. Kwa chitseko chachitetezo kapena kupanikizika mwadzina ndikochepera kapena kofanana ndi 0.6Mpa ndipo m'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana ndi 800mm ya valavu, kusindikiza kwamtundu kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyang'ana kulimba kwa ma valve pachimake chosindikizira. Kwa mavavu akulu okhala ndi mainchesi okhala ndi m'mimba mwake wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana ndi 600mm, mafuta kapena madzi otuluka angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo moyesa kukanika kwamadzi. Asanayambe kuyesa kulimba kwa valve, ndizoletsedwa kukhala ndi mafuta ndi zokutira zina pamtunda womangira. Valve tightness hydraulic test iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi malamulo a wopanga, kuyesa kwa valve yapadziko lonse lapansi, madzi ayenera kuyambitsidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa diski ya valve; Pakuyesa kwa valve yachipata, valavu iyenera kutsekedwa ndipo malo osindikizira ayenera kufufuzidwa. Pambuyo poyesa kulimba kwa valve ndikuyenerera, valve iyenera kutsekedwa ndipo malo osindikizira ayenera kufufuzidwa. (3) Kufufuza kwa malo kuyenera kuchitidwa musanakhazikitsidwe Valve yotsika kwambiri iyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti iyesedwe mwamphamvu ndi osachepera 10% (osachepera) mu batch iliyonse (wopanga yemweyo, zizindikiro zofanana, chitsanzo chomwecho). Ngati ili yosayenerera, idzawunikiridwa imodzi ndi imodzi ngati idakali yosayenerera pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa mwachisawawa ndi 20%. Mavavu a mapaipi othamanga kwambiri amayenera kuyang'aniridwa ngati akulimba imodzi ndi imodzi. (4) Kuyang'ana kwa ma valve musanayambe kuyika Ma valve otsatirawa ayenera kupatulidwa ndikuwunikiridwa musanayike: a. Mavavu opangidwa kuti azitentha kuposa kapena ofanana ndi 450 ℃. b. Chitetezo ndi ma throttle valves. c. Mavavu okhala ndi mayeso olimba osayenerera. Pamaso pa valve disassembly, dothi lodetsedwa liyenera kutsukidwa, mwinamwake, kutsegula ndi kutseka ntchito ndi disassembly sayenera kuchitidwa. Pamene valavu yapangidwe yapadera imaphwanyidwa ndikuyang'aniridwa, disassembly iyenera kuchitidwa motsatira ndondomeko ya disassembly yotchulidwa ndi wopanga kuti ateteze kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo kapena kukhudza chitetezo chaumwini. Macheke otsatirawa apangidwe pa valve yowonongeka: a. Zigawo zamkati zazitsulo zazitsulo za alloy zidzawunikidwa ndi spectra (palibe zizindikiro zomwe zidzapangidwe pazigawozo, koma zotsatira zowunikira zidzalembedwa). b. Kaya mpando wa valve umagwirizanitsidwa mwamphamvu ndi chipolopolo cha valve, komanso ngati pali chodabwitsa chomasula. c. Kaya malo ophatikizana apakati pa valavu ndi mpando wa valve ndi wogwirizana, komanso ngati malo olowa nawo ali ndi vuto. d. Kaya tsinde limalumikizidwa mosavuta ndi spool. e. Kaya tsinde la valavu ndi lopindika, lachita dzimbiri, ngati tsinde la valavu ndi zonyamula katundu zikugwirizana bwino, komanso ngati ulusi wa valavu wathyoka kapena ayi. f. Kulumikizana kwa nkhope ya flange ya chivundikiro cha valve. g. Yang'anani potsegulira ndi kutseka kukwapula ndi malo otsiriza a valve throttle, ndipo lembani momwe mungathere. (5) Valavu idzakwaniritsa zofunikira zotsatirazi pambuyo poyang'ana zowonongeka ndikuchotsa zolakwika Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zitsulo zazitsulo zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe. Sonkhanitsani moyenera, yendani mosinthasintha, ndipo chizindikiro chotsegulira chikuwonetsa bwino. Mafotokozedwe ndi mtundu wa gasket ndi kulongedza zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo. Dzazani zida zolongedza moyenera ndikudula zolumikizanazo kukhala mabowo a diagonal. Zolumikizira pagawo lililonse ziyenera kugwedezeka. Kulongedza kuyenera kupanikizidwa kuti zitsimikizire kulimba, ndipo musalepheretse kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa tsinde. (6) Mavavu a dongosolo la mafuta. Mavavu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina amafuta amayenera kutsukidwa pakuyenda kwawo kupyola magawo, mchenga ndi utoto ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo mizu ya poto yosamva mafuta ndi ma gaskets ziyenera kusinthidwa. (7) Kuyendera ndi kuyang'anitsitsa kwa valve pamene valve ya chipata ndi valavu ya globe imasonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pophwanyidwa ndi kuyenerera, diskiyo iyenera kukhala pamalo otseguka chisanakhale cholimba. Valavu iyenera kuyesedwa kuti ikhale yolimba pambuyo pa disassembly ndi ressembly. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi chipangizo chotumizira cha valve chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe kuti akwaniritse zochitika zosinthika ndi malangizo olondola. (8) Mitundu yonse ya ma valve, pamene wopanga akutsimikizira kuti mankhwala ali ndi khalidwe labwino ndipo amapereka khalidwe la mankhwala ndi chitsimikizo chogwiritsira ntchito, musachite zosokoneza ndi kuyang'anitsitsa zolimba, mwinamwake ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuyesedwa. Awiri, njira yoyika ma valve Ubwino wa kukhazikitsa ma valve kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito, kotero kusamala kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa izo. (1) Mayendedwe ndi malo Mayendedwe a valve. Ma valve ambiri amakhala ndi ma Directivity, monga globe valve, valve throttle valve, valve kuchepetsa kuthamanga, valve valve, etc. monga valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga), komanso kuyambitsa ngozi (monga valavu yoyang'ana). Ma valve ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro pa thupi la valve; Ngati sichoncho, chiyenera kudziwika bwino molingana ndi mfundo yogwira ntchito ya valve. Chipinda cha valve cha valavu ya globe sichiri chofanana, madzi amadzimadzi ayenera kusiya kuchokera pansi kupita ku doko la valve, kuti kukana kwamadzimadzi kumakhala kochepa (kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe), tsegulani mphamvu yopulumutsa (chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwapakati) , kutsekedwa pambuyo sing'anga sikukakamiza kulongedza, zosavuta kukonza, iyi ndi valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi siyingayikidwe chowonadi. Ma valve ena amakhalanso ndi makhalidwe awo. Malo oyika valavu Malo oyika mavavu, ayenera kukhala osavuta kugwira ntchito; Kuyika kwanthawi yake kumakhala kovuta kwakanthawi, komanso chifukwa cha ntchito yayitali ya wogwiritsa ntchito. Vavu handwheel handwheel ndi bwino ndi chifuwa (nthawi zambiri 1.2m kutali ndi pansi opaleshoni), kotero. Ndikosavuta kutsegula ndi kutseka valavu. Vavu yolowera m'manja iyenera kukhala yokwera, osapendekeka, kuti mupewe kugwira ntchito movutikira. Pakhoma ndi valavu ya zida, payeneranso kukhala malo oti woyendetsa ayime. Kupewa ntchito thambo, makamaka asidi ndi maziko, poizoni TV, apo ayi si otetezeka. A. Chipata valavu sayenera inverted (ndiko, handwheel pansi), apo ayi sing'anga adzakhala anakhalabe mu danga valavu chivundikirocho kwa nthawi yaitali, zosavuta dzimbiri tsinde, ndi zina zofunika ndondomeko taboo, nthawi yomweyo izo. zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti m'malo mwazolongedza. b. Tsegulani valavu yachipata, musayike mobisa, apo ayi chifukwa cha dzimbiri lonyowa poyera. c. Kwezani valavu cheke, pamene khazikitsa kuonetsetsa kuti chimbale ofukula, kuti kusintha kukweza. d. Swing cheke valavu, pamene anaika kuonetsetsa kuti pini mlingo, kuti kusintha kugwedezeka. e. Valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika pa chitoliro chopingasa, ndipo sichimapendekera mbali iliyonse. (2) Njira yoyikapo Chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa panthawi yoika ndi kumanga kuti musamenye ma valve opangidwa ndi zinthu zowonongeka. Musanayambe kukhazikitsa, valavu iyenera kufufuzidwa, fufuzani ndondomeko, dziwani ngati pali kuwonongeka, makamaka kwa tsinde la valve, komanso kuzungulira kangapo kuti muwone ngati akugwedezeka, chifukwa poyenda, n'zosavuta kugunda. tsinde la valve yokhota, komanso zinyalala mu valavu. Pokweza valavu, chingwe sichiyenera kumangiriridwa pamanja kapena tsinde kuti zisawonongeke kumadera awa, ziyenera kumangirizidwa ku flange. Pakuti valavu olumikizidwa kwa payipi, onetsetsani kuyeretsa, akhoza wothinikizidwa mpweya kuwomba zitsulo okusayidi zitsulo, mchenga, kuwotcherera slag ndi zinyalala zina. Ma sundries awa siwosavuta kukanda kusindikiza pamwamba pa valavu, yomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono (monga kuwotcherera slag) imathanso kutsekereza valavu yaying'ono ndikulephera. Mukayika valavu ya screw, kusindikiza kusindikiza (ulusi ndi mafuta otsogolera kapena lamba wa polytetrafluoroethylene yaiwisi yaiwisi) kuyenera kukulungidwa pa ulusi wa chitoliro, osalowa mu valavu, kuti valavu yokumbukira valavu isasokoneze kayendedwe kake. Mukayika ma valve a flange, samalani kuti muzimitsa ma bolts molingana komanso mofanana. Vavu flange ndi chitoliro flange ayenera kufanana, wololera chilolezo, kuti kupewa kupanikizika kwambiri, kapena ngakhale akulimbana valavu, pakuti Chimaona zipangizo ndi mphamvu si mkulu, makamaka kulabadira valavu. Mavavu omwe amafunika kuwotcherera ndi mapaipi ayenera kukhala owotcherera poyambira, kenako mbali zotsekera ziyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu, kenako zowotcherera zakufa. (3) Malo osungira ma valve Ma valve ena amafunikanso chitetezo chakunja, ndiko kuti, kutsekemera ndi kuzizira. Nthawi zina mizere yotenthetsera imawonjezedwa pagawo lotsekera. Kaya valavu iyenera kutsekedwa kapena kusungidwa kuzizira iyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi zofunikira zopangira. Mfundo yachitetezo: pomwe sing'anga mu valavu imachepetsa kutentha kwambiri, imakhudza magwiridwe antchito kapena kuzizira valavu, imafunikira kutetezedwa kwa kutentha kapena ngakhale kutentha; Kumene valavu ikuwonekera, yosagwirizana ndi kupanga kapena kuyambitsa chisanu ndi zochitika zina zoipa, m'pofunika kusunga kuzizira. Pachitetezo chaumwini ndi kupanga bwino, kutentha kwa ma valve pamalo opangira magetsi kupitilira 50 ℃, kuyenera kukhala ndi zida zotchinjiriza. Ngati madzi sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, valavu ya nthunzi iyenera kutulutsa madziwo. (4) Bypass ndi chida Mavavu ena kuwonjezera pa zofunikira zotetezera, komanso amakhala ndi bypass ndi zida, kuyika kodutsa kuti athandizire kukonza msampha. Ma valve ena, alinso ndi kukhazikitsa bypass. Kaya kukhazikitsa bypass kumadalira momwe ma valve alili, kufunikira ndi zofunikira zopanga. (5) Kusintha kwa kulongedza Zifukwa zolongedza m'malo a. Mavavu Inventory, kulongedza ena si zabwino, ena ndi ntchito TV sizikufanana, m`malo kulongedza katundu. b. Wopanga valavu sangathe kulingalira kugwiritsa ntchito sing'anga yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi unit, bokosi lonyamula katundu nthawi zonse limadzazidwa ndi mizu wamba, koma ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, kulongedza kuyenera kusinthidwa kukhala sing'anga. Kulongedza m'malo njira a. Mukasintha filler, kanikizani mozungulira mozungulira. b. Ndikoyenera kuti msoko uliwonse wozungulira ukhale 45 °, ndipo msoko wozungulira uyenera kugwedezeka 180 °. c. Kutalika kwapang'onopang'ono kuyenera kuganizira za chipinda chopitilira kukanikiza kwa gland. Pakalipano, kuya kwa chipinda chonyamulira pansi pa chithokomiro chiyenera kukhala choyenera, chomwe chingakhale 10% ~ 20% yakuya kwathunthu kwa chipinda cholongedza. d. Kwa mavavu ofunikira kwambiri, Angle yolumikizana ndi 30 °. Zolumikizana pakati pa mphetezo zimagwedezeka ndi 120 °. E. pokonza kulongedza pamwamba, angathenso malinga ndi mmene zinthu zilili, AMAGWIRITSA NTCHITO mphira o-mphete (raba zachilengedwe kugonjetsedwa ndi ofooka m'munsi pansi 60 ℃, nitrile butadiene mphira mafuta kugonjetsedwa pansi pa 80 ℃, fluorine mphira kukana zosiyanasiyana zikuwononga sing'anga. pansi pa 150 ℃) mphete zitatu za ptfe (pansi pa 200 ℃) mphete yamphamvu yowononga yapakatikati ya nayiloni (ammonia pansi pa 120 ℃, alkali resistant) kupanga chodzaza. Wosanjikiza wa polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yaiwisi yaiwisi ya tepi imakulungidwa mozungulira chimbale cha asbestos wamba, chomwe chingathe kusintha kusindikiza ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa electrochemical kwa tsinde la valve. f. Mukakanikiza kulongedza, tembenuzani tsinde la valve nthawi imodzi kuti musunge yunifolomu yozungulira ndikupewa kufa kwambiri. Mangitsani chithokomiro ndi mphamvu yofanana ndipo musapendeke. Kuyika valavu ya chitoliro kuyenera kulabadira mfundo zitatu zotsatirazi Kuyika valavu ya chitoliro kuyenera kulabadira mfundo zitatu zotsatirazi Choyamba, tiyenera kutchera khutu kuti tiyang'ane tisanakhazikitse 1. Onetsetsani mosamala ngati chitsanzo cha valve ndi ndondomeko ikukwaniritsa zofunikira za kujambula. 2. Yang'anani ngati tsinde ndi diski zatsegulidwa mosasinthasintha, komanso ngati zamamatira kapena zokhota. 3. Yang'anani ngati valavu yawonongeka komanso ngati ulusi wa valavu uli wolondola komanso wosasunthika. 4. Onetsetsani ngati kuphatikiza kwa mpando ndi thupi la valve kuli kolimba, diski ndi mpando, chivundikiro ndi thupi la valve, tsinde ndi kugwirizana kwa disc. 5. Yang'anani ngati ma valve padding, kulongedza ndi zomangira (maboliti) ali oyenerera zofunikira za chikhalidwe cha sing'anga yogwirira ntchito. 6. Valavu yochepetsera mphamvu yachikale kapena yayitali iyenera kuchotsedwa, fumbi, mchenga ndi zinyalala zina ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi. 7. Kupyolera mu chivundikirocho, yang'anani digiri yosindikiza, diski ya valve iyenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu. 4. Ulusi wowononga uyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti ulibe bwino ndipo wokutidwa ndi hemp, mafuta otsogolera kapena tepi ya polytetrafluoroethylene pa ulusi. Mukakokera, wrench iyenera kumangika mu thupi la valve ya hexagonal kumapeto kwa chitoliro. 5. Mukayika valavu ya flange, tcherani khutu kulimbitsa bolt yolumikizira pamodzi ndi njira ya diagonal, ndipo mphamvu iyenera kukhala yofanana pamene ikugwedeza kuti iteteze gasket kuti isapatuke kapena kuchititsa kuti mapindikidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa thupi la valve. 6. Vavu iyenera kutsekedwa panthawi yoika. Kwa ma valve opangidwa ndi ulusi pafupi ndi khoma, kukhazikitsa nthawi zambiri kumafunika kuchotsa tsinde, disc ndi gudumu lamanja, kuti atembenuke. Disassembly iyenera kuchitika mutapotoza gudumu lamanja kuti valavu ikhale yotseguka.