Kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali ndi kusonkhana kwa ma valve
The valve resistance coefficient ¦Æ imatengera kukula, kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a valavu. Chigawo chilichonse m'thupi la valve chikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati dongosolo la zigawo zomwe zimapanga kukana (kutembenuka kwamadzimadzi, kufalikira, mgwirizano, kutembenuka kachiwiri, etc.). Choncho, kutayika kwa mphamvu mu valve kumakhala pafupifupi kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwa chigawo chilichonse cha valve. Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kusintha kwa kukana kwa chigawo chimodzi mu dongosolo kudzachititsa kusintha kapena kugawiranso kukana mu dongosolo lonse, ndiko kuti, kuyenda kwapakati kumakhudza mbali iliyonse ya chitoliro.
Madziwo akamadutsa mu valve, kutaya kwake kwamadzimadzi kumayimiridwa ndi kutsika kwamadzimadzi ¡÷P isanayambe komanso itatha valve.
Kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa:
Kumene ¡÷P - kutayika kwa valve pansi pa mayeso (MPa)
¦Æ - kukana kokwanira kwa valve;
P - Kuchuluka kwa madzi (kg/mm)
U - Kuthamanga kwapakati kwa madzi mu chitoliro (mm/s)
Kukana kwamadzimadzi kwa zigawo za valve
The valve resistance coefficient ¦Æ imatengera kukula, kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a valavu. Chigawo chilichonse m'thupi la valve chikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati dongosolo la zigawo zomwe zimapanga kukana (kutembenuka kwamadzimadzi, kufalikira, mgwirizano, kutembenuka kachiwiri, etc.). Chifukwa chake kutayika kwamphamvu mu valavu kumakhala pafupifupi kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutayika kwa chigawo chilichonse cha valve, ndiko kuti:
Mu chilinganizo, kukana kokwanira kwa zigawo za vavu zomwe zili ndi kuchuluka kwapakatikati komweko mupaipi.
Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kusintha kwa kukana kwa chinthu chimodzi mu dongosolo kumayambitsa kusintha kapena kugawidwa kwa kukana mu dongosolo lonse, ndiko kuti, kuyenda kwapakati kumakhudza gawo lililonse la chitoliro. Pofuna kuyesa mphamvu ya zigawo zosiyanasiyana pa kukana kwa valve, deta yotsutsa ya zigawo zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Deta iyi ikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa zigawo za valve ndi kukana kwamadzimadzi.
(1) Kuwonjeza mwadzidzidzi
Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1-12, kuwonjezereka kwadzidzidzi kumayambitsa kutaya kwakukulu. Panthawiyi, gawo lina la liwiro lamadzimadzi limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga eddy, chipwirikiti chamadzimadzi ndi kutentha. Chiyanjano chapafupi pakati pa coefficient yotsutsa m'deralo ndi chiŵerengero cha gawo la A1 musanayambe kufalikira ndi A2 pambuyo pa kufalikira kungasonyezedwe ndi ma equation (1-9) ndi (1-10). Kukoka kokwana kukuwonetsedwa patebulo
Chithunzi 1-12 Kukula kwadzidzidzi
(1-9)
( 1-10 )
Lembani %
¦Æ - kukana kokwanira pa liwiro lapakati pamapaipi owonjezera;
¦Æ - Kokani kokwana pa liwiro lapakati mu chubu musanakulitsidwe.
Tebulo 1-32 ¦Æ milingo yakukokera komweko pakukulitsa mwadzidzidzi
(2) Kukula pang'onopang'ono Monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 1-13, pamene ¦È 40¡ã, kukana kokwanira kwa chubu yowonjezera pang'onopang'ono ndi yaying'ono kusiyana ndi chubu chowonjezera mwadzidzidzi, koma pamene ¦È=50¡ã -90 ¡ã , kukana kokwanira kumawonjezera 15% -20%. Pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa bwino Kongono ¦È: chubu chozungulira ¦È=5¡ã ~6¡ã30′; Square chubu ¦È =7¡ã~8¡ã; Chigawo cha kukana kwachubu cha rectangular chubu ¦È= 10¡ã -12 ¡ã chingathe kuwerengedwa motere:
( 1-11 )
¦Æ - coefficient, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Table 1-33;
¦Ëm - pafupifupi coefficient kukana panjira,
¦Ë1¦Ë2 - ndi ma coefficients amakoka ofanana ndi machubu ang'onoang'ono ndi akulu motsatana.
Chithunzi 1-13 chimakula pang'onopang'ono
Table 1-33 ¦Æ mfundo
(3) Kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kukuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1-14. Chigawo chokana chapafupi cha kuchepa kwadzidzidzi chikuwonetsedwa mu Table 1-34. ¦Æ itha kuwerengedwanso motsatira njira zotsatirazi:
( 1-12 )
Chithunzi 1-14 makulitsira kunja
(4) Kuchepa pang'onopang'ono Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1-15, kutaya kwa mphamvu komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kochepa, ndipo chigawo chotsutsa chapafupi chimawerengedwa motere:
( 1-13 )
¦Î C - coefficient, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Table 11-35;
¦Å — kokwanira, onani Gulu 1-36
¦Æ mfundo zitha kupezekanso mwachindunji pa Chithunzi 1-16.
Chithunzi 1-15 chimachepetsa pang'onopang'ono
Tebulo 11-34 ¦Æ mikhalidwe yocheperako mwadzidzidzi yafupika
Kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali ndi kusonkhana kwa ma valve
Valve ndi gawo lowongolera la kayendedwe ka madzimadzi, ndikudula, kusintha, kupatutsidwa, kuletsa kubwereza, kuwongolera kuthamanga, shunt kapena kusefukira kwamphamvu ndi ntchito zina. Mavavu a makina owongolera madzimadzi, kuchokera ku mavavu osavuta kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kupita kumakina ovuta kwambiri owongolera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve ndi mafotokozedwe. Mavavu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulamulira otaya mpweya, madzi, nthunzi, zosiyanasiyana zikuwononga TV, matope, mafuta, madzi zitsulo ndi wailesi radioactive ndi mitundu ina ya madzimadzi. Choncho, mu ntchito yaitali valavu ndondomeko ayenera kukhala mmene kusunga?
1. Musagwiritse ntchito zingwe zazitali kapena mawilo opindika potseka kapena kutsegula valavu.
2. Ulusi wa tsinde nthawi zambiri umakangana ndi tsinde nati, uyenera kukhala mu wononga kuti ukhale ndi mafuta ambiri, mafuta, kuonetsetsa kuti tsinde ikuyenda mwaulere, yosinthika komanso yabwino. Kutumiza kwamakina a valve, kupita ku nthawi yake pazowonjezera za gearbox, kuti mupewe kuluma.
3. Tsegulani valavu kwa nthawi yayitali, malo osindikizira angakhale omata ndi dothi; Potseka, valavu ikhoza kutsekedwa pang'onopang'ono poyamba, kenaka mutsegule pang'ono, kuti dothi litsukidwe ndi kuthamanga kwapakati pa sing'anga, ndikutsekanso.
4. Vavu yoyikidwa panja iyenera kutetezedwa ndi manja oteteza pa tsinde la valve kuti mvula, matalala, fumbi ndi dzimbiri zitetezedwe.
5. Vavu iyenera kutsukidwa ndikufufuzidwa pafupipafupi kuti mbali za valve zizikhala zoyera komanso zodzaza. Osayika zinthu zolemera pa valavu ndipo musayime pa valve.
6. Musanatsegule valavu ya nthunzi, chotsani madzi oundana mu dongosolo, ndiyeno mutsegule pang'onopang'ono valavu kuti mupewe zotsatira za madzi a soda; Vavu ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu, tembenuzani gudumu kumbuyo pang'ono.
7. Vavu yopuma iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo ouma m'nyumba, ndipo mawonekedwewo atsekedwe ndi bolodi la sera kapena pulagi kuti dothi lingalowe.
Zofunikira pakumanga ma valve
Zigawo zoyeretsedwa ziyenera kusindikizidwa kuti zikhazikitsidwe. Zofunikira pakukhazikitsa ndi izi:
1. Malo ochitirako unsembe ayenera kukhala aukhondo, kapena kukhazikitsa malo aukhondo kwakanthawi, monga nsalu zongogulidwa kumene kapena filimu ya pulasitiki, kuti fumbi lisalowe panthawi yoyika.
2, ogwira ntchito pamsonkhano ayenera kuvala zovala zoyera za thonje, kuvala chipewa choyera cha thonje, tsitsi silingadutse, mapazi amavala nsapato zoyera, manja amavala magolovesi apulasitiki, degreasing.
3. Zida zochitira msonkhano ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutsukidwa musanasonkhene kuti zitsimikizire zaukhondo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-30-2022
