Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za ntchito ya standpipe: osayiwala kuwotcha!

Wailesiyo inalira pamene moto unabuka mu hotelo ina yapafupi pansanjika yachisanu. Mphindi zochepa pambuyo pake, mukugwiritsa ntchito chikwama chanu chokwera kuti mulumikize—ndiko kuti, “valani mapaipi”—pamalo otera pansanjika yachinayi, ndipo pansanjika pamwamba panu, zikuwoneka kuti makina owaza madzi ndi olakwika. Hotelo. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri zomwe mungakumane nazo kapena simunakumanepo nazo; kuchita zinthu zing’onozing’ono moyenera kudzathandiza kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo, ndipo kupambana kwazing’ono kudzasanduka kupambana kwakukulu. Anthu ena angaganize kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zazing'ono kwambiri ndikuti, "Osayiwala kutsuka!" Kuwotcha chokwera chisanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dipatimenti yamoto si ntchito yaing'ono, koma ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zambiri ndipo imakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za ntchito zozimitsa moto. Flushing imatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa chokwera, madzi ake ndi ntchito ya valve; amachotsa zinyalala mu payipi; ndipo zimakupatsani nthawi yothetsa mavuto pasadakhale. Madzi otuluka kuchokera kumtunda amatsimikizira kuti chitolirocho chili ndi gwero la madzi. Pali njira zingapo zoperekera madzi pamakina okwera; tiyenera kudziwa njira zina wamba. Mapaipi atha kuperekedwa ndi mapampu ozimitsa moto, magwero amadzi am'tauni kapena opanda mphamvu yokwanira, kapena kulumikizana ndi Fire Department (FDC) kokha. Ndikukhulupirira kuti mwakonzekeratu nyumbayi ndikumvetsetsa dongosolo lomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. M'makina ambiri opopera moto, pamene mutsegula valavu kuti muwotche, kupanikizika kwa dongosolo kumatsika, ndipo pampu yamoto idzamva kutsika kwapansi, ndiyeno yambani ndikupereka madzi opanikizika ku dongosolo. Izi ndizo zomwe mukufuna kuti zichitike ku dongosolo loperekedwa ndi pompu yozimitsa moto. Mofananamo, pamene FDC ndi injini zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikuponyedwa mokwanira, madzi amatuluka pamene valavu yatulutsidwa, ndipo zonse ziri bwino. Komabe, ngati mutsegula valavu ndipo palibe madzi akutuluka, zingatanthauze kuti valavu pansi pa chipinda chopopera kapena chokwera masitepe sichitsegulidwa, injini imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwirizana kolakwika, kapena chifukwa china chilichonse. Mwina mpope wozimitsa moto ndi wolumala kapena chokwera chokha chawonongeka, Komabe, palibe madzi otuluka mu chitoliro chomwe chingakhale chotsatira chachibadwa cha zowuma zowuma zamanja kapena machitidwe onyowa omwe amadalira FDC kuti apereke madzi ndipo sakulumikizidwa. Valavu yokwerayi mwina sinagwiritsidwe ntchito mnyumbayi kwa zaka zambiri, kapena mwina idawonongeka chifukwa cha zigawenga kapena kuwonongeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi nyumbayi m'masiku angapo apitawa. Kuyambira kukhazikitsa koyamba kapena kugwiritsa ntchito komaliza mpaka tsiku lomwe mukufuna kuti ligwire ntchito, zinthu zambiri zitha kuchitika. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikuyenda bwino, chotsani chivundikirocho ndikuyika valve yachipata cha dipatimenti yozimitsa moto (chithunzi 1) musanatsegule valavu yomanga. Mumanyamula valavu iyi, mukudziwa kuti ikhoza kugwira ntchito, ndipo mwalandira maphunziro ake tsikulo lisanafike. Mukayika valavu ya dipatimenti yozimitsa moto, tsegulani valavu yomanga kamodzi kuti muthamangitse dongosolo, ndiyeno mutsegule. Kutsegula valavu yomanga kungafune ntchito; zimayembekezeredwa kukhala zovuta kutsegula. Chitani chilichonse chomwe muyenera kuchita kuti mutsegule - kumenya, kupukuta, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito wrench ya chitoliro. Mukatsegula ndipo mwatsuka makinawo, sungani valavu yomanga yotsegula ndikugwiritsa ntchito valve yachipata cha dipatimenti yozimitsa moto kuti mutseke madzi. Wogwira ntchitoyo akhoza kupitiriza kudula chitoliro ndikuwonjezera zigongono, mamita ophatikizidwa, ma hoses, ndi zina zotero, kuti chitoliro chikhale chokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito (chithunzi 2-3). Vavu yachipata cha dipatimenti yozimitsa moto imalola ozimitsa moto okwera masitepe kuti akhazikitse kupanikizika koyenera pamene payipi ikuyenda kudutsa masitepe musanayambe kuzimitsa moto; muzochitika zosadziwika, kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yachipata kutseka madzi oyenda nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito valve yomanga. Moto ukazimitsidwa ndipo ntchitoyo itatha, ogwira ntchito amatha kuthana ndi kutseka ma valve omanga kuti abwezeretse ntchito zawo za zipangizo. Kufunika kotsuka zinyalala kuchokera ku riser system ndikosavuta kumvetsetsa. Madipoziti amadzi olimba, sikelo, zoseweretsa, zinyalala, ndi zinthu zingapo zilizonse zitha kulowa mumayendedwe a standpipe. Thirani madzi okwanira kuti mutulutse zinthu izi m'dongosolo ndikupita papulatifomu. Ndikosavuta kutulutsa zinthu zakunja kudzera pa valavu ya 2½-inch kusiyana ndi nsonga ya 11⁄8-inch nozzle. Kutsuka ndi kuumitsa dongosolo sikudzangochotsa zinyalala, komanso kutulutsa mpweya womwe waunjikana m'dongosolo kuti ukonzekere zozimitsa moto. Kutenga nthawi pang'ono kuti mutulutse zinthu zomwe zingatseke milomoyo kumatha kulipidwa m'njira zambiri pozimitsa moto. Pamapeto pake, ogwira ntchitowo sanafune kuiwala kutsuka, chifukwa adawapatsa nthawi kuti athetse vutoli. Ozimitsa moto m'masitepewo ayenera kukhetsa madzi ochulukirapo kuchokera mmwamba mwamsanga, pamene antchito ena akuwonjezera mapaipi ndikukonzekera ntchito zozimitsa moto. Mwachitsanzo, ngati nyumbayo ili ndi valavu yowuma yamanja ndipo ogwira ntchito pa injini kunja akunena kuti akugwirizana ndi nyumbayo ndikupereka madzi, koma chowotcha moto chimatsegula valavu ya stairwell koma palibe chomwe chimatuluka. Vuto ndi chiyani? Kodi dongosolo lawonongeka, valavu yapampu yapampu yatsekedwa, kapena injini yolumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira cholakwika chokwera? Woyang'anira zochitikazo akadziwa za vutoli mwachangu, zimakhala zosavuta kukonza popanda kuwonjezera nthawi yoyankha (nthawi yochokera pa kutumiza mpaka kuzimitsa moto). Zithunzi 4 ndi 5 zikuwonetsa ozimitsa moto opezeka m'nyumba yomwe anthu amakhala ku Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Malowa adakonzedweratu ndipo kugwirizana kwa riser kunakambidwa ndi mamembala atsopano. Chitsanzo china choyimitsa ozimitsa moto ndi njira yonyowa yamanja yolumikizidwa ndi pansi, ndi malo ambiri pamwamba pa malo amoto. Dongosolo lonyowa limadzazidwa ndi madzi koma silimalumikizidwa ndi njira yopatsira madzi yopanikizidwa. Pamphambano ya nsanjika yachisanu ya nyumba ya nsanjika 10 mpaka 15, pali njira yokwera madzi yodzaza madzi ya mamita 120 mpaka 150 pamwamba pa mphambanoyo. Izi zipanga kukakamiza kwamutu kwa mapaundi 60 mpaka 70 pa inchi imodzi (psi) kuchokera m'madzi pamwamba pa valavu mupaipi. Kumbukirani kuti phazi lililonse lokwera mu chokwera lidzagwiritsa ntchito 0.434 psi yamphamvu. Mu chitsanzo pamwambapa, 120 mapazi × 0.434 = 52 psi, ndi 150 mapazi × 0.434 = 65 psi. Ngati mungolola kuti valve ipite kwa mphindi imodzi, dongosololi likuwoneka kuti liri ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi. Komabe, zoona zake, chitolirocho chimangotulutsa madzi kuchokera ku chitoliro pamwamba pake, chifukwa standpipe yapangidwa kuti ithandize ozimitsa moto kuti apereke madzi kumenyana ndi moto weniweni. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kutsuka madzi okwanira kuti muwone ngati chitolirocho chatsanulidwa kapena kuperekedwa kuchokera ku gwero la madzi. Momwemonso mumtundu wamtunduwu ndikuti nthawi zina kampopu kakang'ono koyendetsedwa kamapereka madzi m'dongosolo. Mukatsegula valavu ndipo madzi ochepa okha amatuluka, pampu yowonjezera imayamba ndipo pang'onopang'ono yesetsani kudzaza dongosolo. Ngati ogwira ntchito sakuyenda mokwanira, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo angaganize molakwika kuti pali gwero la madzi. Ogwira ntchito mwachangu amaphunzira za mayankho a mafunsowa, amatha kuthana nawo mwachangu ndikuthana nawo. Ngati mutenga nthawi yokonzekera, ntchito yokwera pamwambayi ikhoza kukhala mwadongosolo komanso yopanda nkhawa. Phunzirani zinthu zazing'ono izi, sakanizani maphunziro mwachisawawa, ndikuyesera kuthetsa zovuta zomwe zingachitike. Kumbukirani, tikamachita zinthu zing'onozing'ono moyenera, zimawonjezera kupambana kwakukulu, zomwe zingapangitse kuti ntchito yozimitsa moto ipite bwino. JOSH PEARCY anayamba ntchito yake yozimitsa moto mu 2001 monga lieutenant mu Dipatimenti ya Moto ya Oklahoma City (OK) ndipo adatumizidwa kumalo apadera opulumutsira anthu. Iye ndi mlangizi wapadziko lonse wolembetsa zachipatala ndi ozimitsa moto, EMS, mlangizi wa diving ndi luso lopulumutsa. Iye ndi mphunzitsi wa FDIC International ndi woyang'anira gulu lofufuzira ndi kupulumutsa / katswiri wopulumutsa ndege ku gulu la OK-TF1 lofufuza ndi kupulumutsa anthu mumzinda.