Kuyesa kwamphamvu ndi njira yoyesera yosindikiza ya mavavu mwatsatanetsatane tsatanetsatane waukadaulo wama valve

Kuyesa kwamphamvu ndi kusindikiza njira yoyesera ya mavavu mwatsatanetsatane tsatanetsatane waukadaulo wa mavavu Valve imatha kuonedwa ngati chotengera chopondereza, chifukwa chake imayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakunyamula kupanikizika kwapakatikati popanda kutayikira, chifukwa chake thupi la valavu, chivundikiro cha valve ndi mbali zina za opanda kanthu sayenera kukhalapo kuti akhudze mphamvu ya ming'alu, pores lotayirira, slag ndi zolakwika zina. Kuphatikiza pa kuyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe ndi khalidwe lamkati la chopanda kanthu, wopanga ma valve ayeneranso kuyesa mphamvu imodzi ndi imodzi kuti atsimikizire kuti valve ikugwira ntchito. Kuyesa kwamphamvu kumachitika pakatha msonkhano womaliza. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amachitika pa kutentha kwanthawi zonse ndi kuthamanga mwadzina PN, valavu ya siu nthawi zambiri imachitika pa 1.1 nthawi PN. Vavu mumsonkhano womaliza pambuyo pomaliza kuyesa ntchito, kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawo akukwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe komanso ngati akukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yoperekedwa ndi boma. Zowonongeka mu zida za valve, zopanda kanthu, chithandizo cha kutentha, makina opangira makina ndi kusonkhanitsa nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwululidwa poyesa. Mayesero ochiritsira ali ndi chiyeso cha mphamvu ya chipolopolo, kuyesa kusindikiza, kuyesa kusindikiza kochepa, kuyesa kuchitapo kanthu, ndipo malinga ndi kufunikira, mayeso otsatirawa atapambana mayeso motsatizana. Njira yoyesera valavu 1.1 Kuyesa kwamphamvu Vavu imatha kuwonedwa ngati chotengera chokakamiza, chifukwa chake imayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonyamula kupanikizika kwapakatikati popanda kutayikira, kotero kuti thupi la valavu, chivundikiro cha valve ndi mbali zina zopanda kanthu sayenera kukhalapo kuti zikhudze mphamvu ya ming'alu, pores lotayirira, slag ndi zolakwika zina. Kuphatikiza pa kuyang'anitsitsa maonekedwe ndi khalidwe lamkati la chopanda kanthu, wopanga ma valve ayeneranso kuyesa mphamvu imodzi ndi imodzi kuti atsimikizire kuti valve ikugwira ntchito. Kuyesa kwamphamvu kumachitika pakatha msonkhano womaliza. Pofuna kupewa ndi kuchepetsa zinyalala zamitundu yonse chifukwa cha mayeso osayenera, kuyesa kwamphamvu kwapakatikati (komwe nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa pampu ya ubweya) kumatha kuchitika pambuyo pakukonza movutikira kwa magawo. Pambuyo pa msonkhano womaliza wa zigawo zapakati zoyesera mphamvu, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito sakufuna, valavu singakhalenso kuyesa mphamvu. Kuti mutsimikizire mtundu wa su valve, pambuyo poyesa mphamvu yapakati, valavu yonse ndi *** ndiyeno kuyesa mphamvu. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amachitika kutentha. Pofuna kuonetsetsa chitetezo, kuthamanga kwa mayeso P ndi 1.25 ~ 1.5 nthawi za kukakamiza mwadzina PN. Pakuyesedwa, valavu ili pamalo otseguka, mapeto amodzi amatsekedwa, ndipo sing'anga imalowetsedwa kuchokera kumbali ina ndikukakamiza. Yang'anani chipolopolo (thupi, chivundikiro) chowonekera, zomwe zimafunikira munthawi yoyeserera (nthawi zambiri zosachepera mphindi 10) palibe kutayikira, zitha kuganiziridwa kuti kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa vavu ndikoyenera. Pofuna kutsimikizira kudalirika kwa mayesero, kuyesa mphamvu kuyenera kuchitidwa musanayambe kujambula valavu, ndipo mpweya wamkati wamkati uyenera kutsekedwa pamene madzi akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sing'anga. The kutayikira valavu, ngati zinthu luso kulola kukonza kuwotcherera akhoza kukonzedwa malinga ndi specifications luso, koma pambuyo kuwotcherera kukonza ayenera kukonzedwanso mphamvu mayeso, ndi kutambasuka koyenera kwa nthawi mayeso. 1.2 Mayeso osindikizira Kuwonjezera pa valavu yowonongeka, kaya kudula valavu kapena valavu yoyendetsa, iyenera kukhala ndi chisindikizo chotsekedwa, kotero valavu isanayambe kuchoka ku fakitale kukayesa kusindikiza, ndi mayeso osindikizidwa osindikizidwa. Mayeso nthawi zambiri amachitika pa kutentha kwanthawi zonse ndi kuthamanga mwadzina PN, valavu ya siu nthawi zambiri imachitika pa 1.1 nthawi PN. Ndi madzi monga sing'anga yoyesera, zosavuta kupanga valavu dzimbiri, kawirikawiri malinga ndi luso luso kulamulira khalidwe madzi, ndipo pambuyo mayeso adzakhala zouma kapena zouma otsala madzi. Ma valve a zipata ndi ma valve a mpira ali ndi awiriawiri osindikizira, kotero kuyesa kwa njira ziwiri kumafunika. Mu mayeso, valavu imatsegulidwa poyamba, njirayo imasindikizidwa kumapeto kwina, kupanikizika kumayambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwina, ndipo pamene kupanikizika kumakwera kufika pamtengo wotchulidwa, valavu imatsekedwa, ndiyeno kupanikizika pamapeto osindikizira. imachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndikufufuzidwa. Bwerezani kuyesera kumapeto ena. Njira ina yoyesera ya ma valve a zipata ndikusunga kupanikizika kwa mayeso m'kati mwa thupi ndikuyang'ana valavu kuti isindikize kawiri kuchokera kumapeto kwa ndimeyi. Poyesa ma valve owunika, kuthamanga kuyenera kuyambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto ndikuwunika kumapeto. Kuyesa kusindikiza, torque yotseka ma valve iyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi kukakamiza mwadzina ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina. Valve yamanja nthawi zambiri imaloledwa kutsekedwa ndi mphamvu yanthawi zonse, popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zida zina zothandizira, pomwe m'mimba mwake ≥320mm imaloledwa kutsekedwa ndi anthu awiri. Ma valve okhala ndi zida zoyendetsa ayenera kuyesedwa ndi zida zoyendetsera zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati pakufunika kutseka torque yomwe yafotokozedwa muzofunikira zaukadaulo, wrench yoyezera mphamvu ndiyofunika kuyeza torque yotseka. Kuyesa kusindikiza kuyenera kuchitidwa pambuyo poyesa mphamvu ya msonkhano wa valve, chifukwa osati kusindikiza kokha kwa valve kuyenera kufufuzidwa, komanso kusindikiza kusindikiza ndi flange gasket. Kuyesa kwapamwamba kwa chisindikizo nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamodzi ndi kuyesa mphamvu. Panthawi yoyesedwa, tsinde limakwezedwa kumalo ocheperako, kotero kuti tsinde liri pafupi ndi malo osindikizira a chivundikiro cha valve, ndipo gland yonyamula imamasulidwa kuti iwonetsetse kusindikizidwa kwake. Mavavu a sing'anga gasi kapena zojambula zofunikira zaukadaulo wamagetsi otsika otsika mpweya woyezera mavavu, ayenera kukhala molingana ndi muyezo woyeserera, sing'anga ya nayitrogeni yoyesera kapena mpweya wouma. Kuthamanga kwa mayeso kunali 0.6mpa. Zofunikira zazikulu zogwirira ntchito mwamphamvu kwa mavavu Kugwira ntchito kwamphamvu kwa valavu kumatanthawuza kuthekera kwa valavu kunyamula kuthamanga kwapakati. Valavu ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi makina omwe amanyamula kupanikizika kwa mkati, choncho ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso zowuma kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kuphulika kapena kusinthika. Kusindikiza kusindikiza kwa ma valve kumatanthawuza magawo osindikizira a valve kuti ateteze kutha kwa media, ndiye chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chaukadaulo cha valve. Pali magawo atatu osindikizira a valve: kukhudzana pakati pa magawo otsegulira ndi kutseka ndi mpando wa valve awiri osindikizira pamwamba; Kunyamula ndi tsinde la valve ndi kutengera bokosi lofananira; Kulumikizana kwa thupi kupita ku bonati. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimatuluka kale zimatchedwa kutayikira kwamkati, komwe nthawi zambiri kumanenedwa kukhala kosalala, kumakhudza kuthekera kwa valavu kudula sing'anga. Kwa gulu la block valve, kutulutsa kwamkati sikuloledwa. Kutulutsa kuwiri komalizaku kumatchedwa kutuluka kwakunja, ndiko kuti, kutuluka kwa media kuchokera ku valavu kupita ku valavu kunja. Kutayikira kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zinthu, kuwononga chilengedwe, kungayambitsenso ngozi. Kwa media yoyaka, yophulika, yapoizoni kapena yotulutsa ma radio, kutayikira sikuloledwa, kotero valavu iyenera kukhala ndi ntchito yosindikiza yodalirika. Kuthamanga kwapakati Pakatikati kudzera mu valavu kumatulutsa kuthamanga kwapakati (kusiyana kwapakati pasanayambe ndi pambuyo pa valve), ndiko kuti, valavu imakhala ndi kukana kwina kwa kayendedwe ka sing'anga, sing'anga kuti igonjetse kukana kwa valavu idzadya ndalama zina. za mphamvu. Kuchokera pakuganizira za kupulumutsa mphamvu, kupanga ndi kupanga ma valve kuti achepetse kukana kwa valve kumalo othamanga momwe mungathere. Kutsegula ndi kutseka mphamvu ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka mphindi Kutsegula ndi kutseka mphamvu ndi torque ndi mphamvu kapena torque zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula kapena kutseka valve. Tsekani valavu, kufunikira kopanga gawo lotseguka-lotseka ndikutumiza mawonekedwe osindikizira pakati pa kukakamiza kosindikiza kozungulira, komanso kugonjetsa pakati pa tsinde ndi kulongedza, tsinde la valavu ndi pakati pa ulusi wa mtedza, valavu ndodo yomaliza yonyamula mikangano ndi mbali zina za mphamvu yolimbana, choncho ayenera kuyesetsa kutseka ndi mphindi yotseka, potsegula ndi kutseka, valavu ikufunika kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka mphamvu ndi kusintha kwa torque yotseguka, Kufunika kwake kwakukulu kuli kumapeto kwa mphindi yotsekedwa kapena kumayambiriro kwa mphindi yotseguka. Mavavu ayenera kupangidwa ndi kupangidwa kuti achepetse mphamvu yotseka ndi torque yotseka. Kutsegula ndi kutseka liwiro Kutsegula ndi kutseka kumasonyezedwa ngati nthawi yofunikira kuti mutsirize ntchito yotsegula kapena yotseka ya valve. Kuthamanga kwa valve kutsegulira ndi kutseka sikuli zofunikira kwambiri, koma zinthu zina zimakhala ndi zofunikira zapadera kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka liwiro, monga zina zofunika kuti mutsegule kapena kutseka mwamsanga, pakakhala ngozi, zina zofunika kuti mutseke pang'onopang'ono, pakagwa madzi, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha mtundu wa valve. Kukhudzidwa kwa kayendedwe ndi kudalirika Izi zimatanthawuza valavu yosinthira magawo apakati, pangani kuyankha kofananira ndi kuchuluka kwa chidwi. Kwa valavu yamagetsi, valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga, valavu yoyendetsa ndi ma valve ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza magawo apakati komanso chitetezo, valve ya msampha ndi ma valve ena omwe ali ndi ntchito zinazake, mphamvu zake zogwira ntchito komanso kudalirika ndizofunikira kwambiri zizindikiro za luso lamakono. Moyo wautumiki wa Imayimira kulimba kwa valavu, ndilofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa valve, ndipo ili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu lazachuma. Kawirikawiri pofuna kutsimikizira zofunikira zosindikizira za chiwerengero cha nthawi zowonetsera, zikhoza kuwonetsedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi.