Didier Vassal, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Victaulic OEM ndi Marine Services, adayerekeza njira zolumikizira mapaipi opindika komanso opindika ndipo adafotokoza zabwino zomwe zitoliro zopindika zimapatsa ma flanges. Njira zopangira mapaipi oyenerera ndizofunikira pazantchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafunikira pazombo, kuphatikiza machitidwe othandizira monga ma bilge ndi ballast, kuziziritsa kwamadzi am'nyanja ndi mwatsopano, mafuta opaka mafuta, kuteteza moto ndi kuyeretsa sitima. Kwa machitidwewa omwe amaloledwa ndi kalasi ya mapaipi, njira ina yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito mawotchi opangidwa ndi welded ndikugwiritsira ntchito mawotchi opangidwa ndi slotted, omwe amapereka ubwino wambiri, zachuma komanso zothandiza. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupititsa patsogolo ntchito; unsembe ndi kukonza mofulumira ndi zosavuta, ndi kuchepetsa airborne kulemera. Nkhani zamagwiridwe M'malo olumikizirana mapaipi opindika, ma flanges awiri okwerera amamangidwa palimodzi ndipo gasket amapanikizidwa kuti apange chisindikizo. Monga mabawuti ndi mtedza wa olowa flange amayamwa ndi kubweza mphamvu ya dongosolo, pakapita nthawi, chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito, kugwedezeka, komanso kufutukuka ndi kutsika kwamafuta, mabawuti ndi mtedza zimatha kutambasula ndikutaya kulimba kwawo koyambirira . Maboti awa akamapumula, gasket imataya chisindikizo chake, zomwe zingayambitse kutayikira kosiyanasiyana. Malingana ndi malo ndi ntchito ya makina opangira mapaipi, kutayikira kungayambitse ndalama zambiri komanso zoopsa, zomwe zimabweretsa kukonzanso / kukonza nthawi ndi chiopsezo. Pambuyo pochotsa chophatikizika, gasket iyenera kusinthidwa chifukwa gasket imamatira pamwamba pa flange kwa nthawi yayitali. Pochotsa cholumikizira, ma gaskets ayenera kuchotsedwa pagawo ziwiri za flange, ndipo malowa amayenera kutsukidwa asanalowe m'malo mwa ma gaskets, zomwe zimawonjezera nthawi yokonza. Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya bawuti ndi kukulitsa ndi kutsika kwa dongosolo, gasket ya flange idzatulutsanso "deformation" yopondereza pakapita nthawi, chomwe ndi chifukwa china chotayikira. Mapangidwe a chitoliro cha grooved makina olowa amathetsa mavutowa. Choyamba, groove imapangidwa kumapeto kwa chitoliro, ndipo kugwirizana kwa chitoliro kumakhazikitsidwa ndi kugwirizana komwe kumakhala ndi zotanuka, zogwira mtima za elastomer gasket. Nyumba yolumikizirana imazungulira kwathunthu gasket, kulimbitsa chisindikizo ndikuchikonza m'malo mwake, chifukwa cholumikizira chimagwira ndikupanga cholumikizira chodalirika mumsewu wa chitoliro. Ukadaulo waposachedwa kwambiri wolumikizira umathandizira mapaipi mpaka mainchesi 24 (600 mm) m'mimba mwake kuti asonkhanitsidwe ndi mtedza ndi mabawuti awiri okha kuti ateteze mafupa odziletsa. Chifukwa cha mgwirizano wamapangidwe pakati pa chubu, gasket, ndi nyumba, cholumikizira chomakina chimapanga chisindikizo chapatatu, chomwe chimakulitsidwa pamene dongosolo likukakamizidwa. Zolumikizana Zolimba ndi Zosinthika Zolumikizana zamapaipi zamakina zimapezeka m'njira zokhazikika komanso zosinthika, zonse zomwe zavomerezedwa ndi gulu lamagulu, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa njira yowotcherera / flange pamakina a 30, koma kuyenera kutsata miyezo iliyonse yoyika. okhazikitsidwa ndi bungwe la certification. Zogwirizanitsa zolimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuzungulira madera monga ma manifolds ndi ma valve, ndipo ndizosavuta kupeza ndikusintha kusiyana ndi flanges. Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, zolumikizira zolimba zimaperekanso kuuma kwa axial ndi ma radial ofanana ndi ma flanges kapena ma welded. Kulumikizana kosinthika kumakhala ndi zabwino pazogwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa kayendetsedwe ka chitoliro chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha kapena kugwedezeka, kuyenda kwapakati pakati pa chitoliro ndi dongosolo lothandizira kumayembekezeredwanso. Kukula ndi kutsika kumapangitsa kuti ma flanges ndi mapaipi azipanikizika, zomwe zimatha kuwononga gasket pakapita nthawi. Izi zikachitika, mafupawo amakhala pachiwopsezo cha kutha. Kulumikizana kosinthika kosinthika kumatha kutengera kusamutsidwa kwa chitoliro mwanjira ya axial movement kapena kupatuka kwa angular. Chifukwa chake, ndi abwino kuyika mapaipi aatali, makamaka pakati pa midadada ikuluikulu pomwe mpweya wa m'nyanja ungapangitse kuti ma flanges asungunuke pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutayikira komanso chiopsezo cha kupatukana kwa mapaipi. Kuphatikizika kolimba ndi zomangira zosinthika kumakhalanso ndi mwayi wochepetsera phokoso ndi kugwedezeka, potero amachotsa kufunikira kwa zida zapadera zochepetsera phokoso ndi mavuvu a rabara owonongeka kapena zinthu zofananira. Kugwiritsa ntchito makina opopera mapaipi amatha kufulumizitsa ndikuchepetsa kuyika ndi kukonza, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a mapaipi apabodi. Zosavuta kukhazikitsa Mukayika kwa nthawi yoyamba, mabowo a bawuti a flange ayenera kulumikizidwa molondola, kenako amangirizidwa kukonza olowa. Zolozera za bolt pazitsulo zolowera ndi zotuluka ziyeneranso kulumikizidwa bwino ndi ma flanges pamapaipi olumikizidwa ndi zida. Pankhani ya malo amodzi okhazikika omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mabowo pa flange, kokha koyenera kapena valavu ikhoza kuzunguliridwa kuti ifanane ndi mabowo a bolt. Kuonjezera apo, mbali ina ya chitoliro cha flange iyeneranso kugwirizana ndi mating flange, zomwe zimawonjezera kuvutika kwa msonkhano komanso chiopsezo cha kusamvana. Dongosolo la mipope ya grooved ilibe vuto ili, ndipo imatha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta, ndipo chitoliro ndi zida zokwerera zimatha kuzunguliridwa ndi madigiri a 360. Palibe chifukwa chokonzekera dongosolo la bolt la bolt, ndipo kulumikizana kumatha kulunjika pamalo aliwonse ozungulira. Kuphatikizikako kumatha kuzungulira chitoliro kuti mufikire ma bolts mosavuta komanso kusavuta kupeza zida. Kuphatikiza pakuchotsa kusalongosoka panthawi yoyika, mawonekedwe a 360-degree of coupling ndi mbiri yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi flange imapangitsa kuyika kwa groove system kukhala chisankho choyenera pamipata yopapatiza. Kuphatikiza apo, woyikirayo amatha kugwirizanitsa mabawuti onse ophatikizana pagulu lililonse kuti akhale pamalo omwewo kuti achepetse kuyang'anira ndi kukonza dongosolo. Flange ndi pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kunja kwa chitoliro chomwe chimalumikizidwa. Pa avareji, zomangira grooved ndi theka la kukula uku. Ubwino wa kukula kwa mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono umapangitsa kukhala chisankho choyenera kwa machitidwe opangira ufa, oyenera kugwira ntchito ndi malo ochepa, monga kulowa kwa ma decks ndi makoma. Izi zitha kuyambika m'zaka za m'ma 1930, pomwe ma Victaulic couplings adagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba m'mabwalo apamadzi aku Britain. Kuthamanga kwa msonkhano Chifukwa chophatikiziracho chimakhala ndi mabawuti ochepa ndipo kufunikira kwa torque sikudutsa mainchesi 12 (300 mm), kuyika mapaipi olowera kumathamanga kwambiri kuposa kuyika kwa flange. Mosiyana ndi ma flanges omwe amayenera kuwotcherera kumapeto kwa chitoliro, zigawo za valve za grooved sizifuna kuwotcherera, zomwe zimachepetsanso nthawi yoyika, zimachotsa kuwonongeka kwa matenthedwe a valve, ndi kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa chitetezo pochotsa ntchito zotentha kwambiri. Kuyerekeza kwa mizere ya DIN 150 ya ballast yoyikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida za Victaulic grooved ndi njira zolumikizirana zachikhalidwe zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi yonse yoyika yofunikira yachepetsedwa ndi 66% (maola 150.47 amunthu ndi maola 443.16). Poyerekeza ndi kukhazikitsa 60 olimba couplings, nthawi yofunikira kukhazikitsa 52 slide-mu flanges, kuwotcherera zigongono ndi tee ndi kusiyana kwakukulu. Kulumikizana kumafuna mabawuti awiri okha kuti afikire kukula kwa chitoliro cha mainchesi 24 (600 mm). Poyerekeza, mu kukula kwakukulu, flange imafuna ma seti 20 a mtedza ndi ma bolts. Kuonjezera apo, flange imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito wrench ya nyenyezi yowononga nthawi kuti imangiridwe ndi wrench yapadera kuti muyese ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndondomeko yoyenera ya torque ikufika. Ukadaulo wamachubu opangidwa ndi grooved umalola kugwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazikika zamanja kuti asonkhanitse cholumikiziracho, ndipo cholumikizira cholumikizira nyumbayo chikakhudza chitsulo kupita kuchitsulo, cholumikiziracho chimatha kukhazikitsidwa bwino. Kuyang'ana kosavuta kowoneka kungatsimikizire kusonkhana koyenera. Kumbali inayi, ma flanges samapereka chitsimikiziro chowonekera: njira yokhayo yotsimikizira kusonkhana koyenera ndikudzaza ndi kukakamiza dongosolo, fufuzani zotulukapo ndi kulimbitsanso zolumikizira ngati pakufunika. Kusungika Mapaipi a grooved ali ndi mawonekedwe omwewo akufulumira kuyika-mabawuti ochepa komanso osafunikira ma torque - komanso amapangitsa kukonza dongosolo kapena kusintha ntchito yachangu komanso yosavuta. Kuti mupeze mpope kapena valavu, mwachitsanzo, masulani mabotolo awiri a coupling ndikuchotsa nyumba ndi gasket kuchokera pamgwirizano. Mu dongosolo la flange, ma bolt angapo amafunika kuchotsedwa. Mukakhazikitsanso flange, njira yolumikizira bolt yomwe imatenga nthawi iyenera kuchitidwa pakukhazikitsa koyamba. Chifukwa palibe chifukwa cholimbitsiranso, kugwirizanitsa kumapulumutsa ntchito yokonza nthawi zonse yokhudzana ndi flanges. Mosiyana ndi ma flanges omwe kupsinjika kosinthika kumayikidwa pa ma washers, mtedza ndi ma bolts, zolumikizira zimagwira ma washer kuchokera kunja kwa chitoliro cholumikizira ndi mphamvu zophatikizira zenizeni. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza gasket yolumikizana siyikhala ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, sikoyenera kuyisintha molingana ndi dongosolo lokonzekera nthawi zonse, ndipo gasket ya flange iyenera kusinthidwa pomwe dongosolo limaphwanyidwa kuti likonzedwe. Pofuna kuchepetsa phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kwa dongosolo, dongosolo la flange liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mavuvu a mphira kapena ma hoses oluka. Zinthuzi zitha kulephera chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira, ndipo pakuwonongeka kwanthawi zonse, ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi zaka 10 zilizonse, zomwe zitha kubweretsa ndalama komanso kutsika kwadongosolo. Komabe, zolumikizira mapaipi okhala ndi ma grooves amakina amatha kukulitsa moyo wadongosolo. Amakhala ndi mphamvu yosinthira kugwedezeka kwadongosolo ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera kwamagulu popanda kufunikira kwazinthu zapadera zomwe zimafunikira kukonza nthawi zonse kapena kusinthidwa. Makina ochapira masika omwe ali muzolumikizana zosinthika komanso zolimba ndi zolimba kwambiri ndipo zimatha kupirira zovuta zazikulu zogwirira ntchito komanso katundu wanthawi ndi nthawi. Dongosololi limatha kukakamizidwa ndikuphwanyidwa mobwerezabwereza popanda kutopa kwa gasket ya elastomer. Ma valve opepuka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo za flange. Komabe, njira yolumikizira iyi imawonjezera kulemera kosafunikira pamapaipi. Gulu la valavu ya 6-inch (150 mm) imakhala ndi valavu ya butterfly. Vavu yagulugufe imalumikizidwa ndi khosi lopindika la khosi, ndipo mabawuti asanu ndi atatu ndi mtedza amalumikizidwa mbali iliyonse ya valve, yolemera pafupifupi mapaundi 85. Gulu la vavu la mainchesi 6 (150 mm) limagwiritsa ntchito valavu yagulugufe yokhala ndi malekezero opindika, chitoliro chokhala ndi poyambira, ndi zolumikizira ziwiri zolimba kuti zilumikizane ndi zigawozi. Kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi mapaundi 35, omwe ndi 58% opepuka kuposa msonkhano wa flanged. . Choncho, msonkhano wa valve grooved ndi chisankho chabwino kwa makampani omanga zombo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Victaulic grooved m'malo mwa njira yolumikizira yachikhalidwe, kuyerekeza kwapamwamba kwa mzere wa DIN 150 ballast kukuwonetsa kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 30% (2,164 pounds vs. 3,115 mapaundi). Ma flange 52 otsetsereka, mabawuti ndi ma wacha, pomwe zolumikizira zolimba 60 zimalemera kwambiri pamakina owotcherera / flange. Pa mapaipi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kulemera kumatha kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zopindika m'malo mwa flanges. Kukula kwa kuchepetsa kumadalira m'mimba mwake ya chitoliro ndi mtundu wa ziwalo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Poyesera pogwiritsa ntchito Victaulic Style 77 coupling (kuphatikiza kolemera kwambiri mumtundu) kulumikiza chitoliro, kuyika kwathunthu kwa msonkhano wa grooved poyerekeza ndi ma flanges awiri opepuka PN10 slide-in Kulemera kwake kumakhala kotsika kwambiri. Kutaya kulemera kumalembedwa motere: 4 mainchesi (100 mm) -67%; mainchesi 12 (300 mm) -54%; 20 mainchesi (500 mm) -60.5%. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mtundu wopepuka wa 75 kapena wokhazikika wamtundu wa 07 ndi / kapena ma flange olemera amatha kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa 70%. Mwachitsanzo, zida za 24-inch (600 mm) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu TG2 zimalemera mapaundi 507, pomwe zida zofananira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira za Victaulic zimalemera mapaundi 88 okha. Pa dongosolo losankhidwa, bwalo la ngalawa, lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ma grooved malumikizidwe m'malo mwa flanges, limachepetsa kulemera kwa zombo zothandizira kumtunda ndi matani 12 ndi matani 44 pa sitima zapamadzi. Phindu lazachuma la luso lolowetsa zombo kwa eni zombo ndi lodziwikiratu: kuchepetsa kulemera kumatanthauza kuonjezera chiwerengero cha katundu kapena okwera ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta. Izi zimathandizanso kuwongolera mapaipi a sitima zapamadzi kukhala kosavuta. Kachitidwe kakusinthika Mapaipi a Grooved ali ndi maubwino ochulukirapo kuposa ma mapaipi opindika chifukwa chakuthamanga kwawo, kusamalidwa komanso kuchepa kwa kulemera. Zinthuzi, kuphatikiza ndi zabwino zina monga kudalirika, kuwongolera kosavuta komanso kutsika kwachitetezo chachitetezo, zapangitsa eni zombo, mainjiniya ndi malo oyendetsa zombo kuti asankhe makina otsekeka m'malo mwa ma flanges. Zomwe zikukula pakugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa groove zimathandizidwa ndi ogulitsa zida (monga zotenthetsera kutentha, zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi) komanso opanga ma valve ndi compressor, ambiri omwe tsopano akupereka mankhwala awo Perekani kugwirizana kwa mapeto a grooved. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mautumiki omwe angagwiritse ntchito zitoliro za grooved zikuchulukirachulukira. Ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino pamakina amadzi, Victaulic ipitiliza mbiri yake yayitali yopanga ma gaskets osayaka moto ndikupeza ziphaso zamtundu kuti azigwiritsa ntchito pamafuta akunyanja.
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Nthawi yotumiza: May-13-2021
