Ibisabwa byihariye byo gupima radiografi ya compression yogusunika ibyuma bya valve ibyuma byerekana ubuziranenge bwibisabwa

Ibisabwa byihariye kugirango bipimishe radiografi yogusunika ibyuma bya valve ibyuma byerekana ibyuma byerekana ubuziranenge Ibyifuzo bya casting kuri firime bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitanu: umwobo wo mu kirere, umucanga na slag birimo, kugabanuka umwobo hamwe nubushake, chiller y'imbere idakoreshwa kandi iracika. Ibinure by'inenge mu gice cyo gusudira cyo gusana ku bibi bishobora gufatwa nk'isuzuma ry'inenge zatewe, mu gihe icyapa kiri mu gice cyo gusudira kitarangiritse kandi ntikizengurutswe gishobora gufatwa nk'ibishishwa birimo inenge. . Ingano yinenge ipimwa ukurikije ubunini bwishusho yinenge kuri firime. Yego. Kugabanuka kavuyo, gusa ubunini bwigice kigaragara cya buri nenge burapimwa, ntabwo bingana nigicucu gikikije igicucu. Iyo inenge ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi zuzuzanya igice kuri firime, ibipimo byazo bigomba gupimwa ukundi. Kwihuza: Ibisabwa byihariye mugupima amaradiyo yerekana ibyuma bya compression ibyuma (II) 5. Gutondeka neza no gusuzuma uburyo bwa firime ya radiografiya 5.1 Gutondekanya neza no gupima ingano 5.1.1 Gutera inenge kuri firime birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitanu: umwobo wikirere, umucanga no gushiramo slag, kugabanya umwobo no gutitira, chiller y'imbere idakoreshwa kandi iracika. Ibinure by'inenge mu gice cyo gusudira cyo gusana ku bibi bishobora gufatwa nk'isuzuma ry'inenge zatewe, mu gihe icyapa kiri mu gice cyo gusudira kitarangiritse kandi ntikizengurutswe gishobora gufatwa nk'ibishishwa birimo inenge. . 5.1.2 Ingano yinenge ipimwa ukurikije ubunini bwishusho ifite inenge kuri firime. Yego. Kugabanuka kavuyo, gusa ubunini bwigice kigaragara cya buri nenge burapimwa, ntabwo bingana nigicucu gikikije igicucu. Iyo inenge ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi zuzuzanya igice kuri firime, ibipimo byazo bigomba gupimwa ukundi. 5.1.3. 5 Ingano y’ahantu ho gusuzumirwa hamwe n’umubare munini ugereranije ushobora kwemererwa kugaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 6 na 7. Imbonerahamwe ya 6 Ingano y’ahantu hasuzumirwa hamwe n’ingingo nini zemewe za pore Imbonerahamwe 7. Ingano y’ahantu hasuzumwa hamwe n’ibintu byemewe by’umucanga no gushyiramo icyapa 5.2.2 Umubare w'amanota ku nenge imwe ugomba kugaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 8 kandi ukurikije ubunini bw'inenge. Nyamara, inenge ntoya kuruta izisobanuwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 9 Gicurasi ntishobora kubarwa. Imbonerahamwe 8 Umubare w'amanota ku nenge ku giti cye Imbonerahamwe 9 ntabwo ibara umubare w'inenge ugereranije n'ubunini bunini bwemewe 5.2.3. Irashobora gusuzumwa ukurikije imbonerahamwe ya 6 nimbonerahamwe ya 7, ariko ubunini bwibinini binini ugereranije, umusenyi hamwe nudusuku twemerewe kurwego rwa 1 ntibishobora kurenza ibivugwa mumeza io na Imbonerahamwe 11. Imbonerahamwe 10 Ugereranije ingano nini ya pore yemerewe kubusembwa bwibanze Imbonerahamwe 11 Kugereranya umusenyi munini ugereranya hamwe nubunini bwisuku byemewe kubusembwa bwibanze 5.3 Urwego rutagira ingano rwo kugabanuka 5.3.1. Hitamo igice kinini cyuburebure cyangwa ubuso bwinenge kubibi byo gusuzuma. Ingano y’ahantu hasuzumwa nubunini bunini bwemewe bwinenge bugaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 12 cyangwa 13. Imbonerahamwe ya 12 Uburebure bunini bwemewe bwa satine ku nenge y’imyenge yo mu mwobo Imbonerahamwe 13 Ahantu hanini hashobora kwemerwa n’ahantu hafite uburibwe bwa dendritic 5.3.2 Kugabanuka. inenge ya cavity irashobora kugabanwa muri strip shrinkage cavity, dendritic shrinkage cavity hamwe nubunini bunini bwo kugabanuka ukurikije imiterere yabyo. 5.3. Ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi byo kugabanya imyobo nigiteranyo cyuburebure bwa buri mwobo ugabanuka nkuburebure bwinenge. Iyo umwobo wo kugabanuka uri kumupaka wahantu hasuzumwa, igice cyo hanze yumurongo gifite inenge nacyo kigomba kubamo. 5.3. Imyanya ibiri cyangwa myinshi ya dendritic shrinkage cavites nigiteranyo cyibice bya buri cyuho kigabanuka nkahantu hafite inenge. Iyo umwobo wo kugabanuka uri kumupaka wahantu hasuzumwa, igice cyo hanze yumurongo gifite inenge nacyo kigomba kubamo. 5.3.5. Uburebure bwa cavite imeze nk'igitambambuga kigomba kuba uburebure bw'imigozi imeze nk'imigozi, naho ubugari bukaba kimwe cya gatatu cy'uburebure. 5.3.6. Ubuso bunini bugabanuka kubarwa kubicuruzwa byuburebure buringaniye bwubusembwa bwikubye nubugari bunini bugereranije na orthogonal kuri yo. 5.3. Ariko, kugabanuka kwimyanya ntoya kurenza ibivugwa mumeza 14 Gicurasi ntibishobora kubarwa nkinenge. 5.3. Indwara ya dendritic shrinkage cavit yasuzumwe hakurikijwe imbonerahamwe ya 13 ukurikije igiteranyo cy’ahantu hafite inenge mu gice cy’isuzuma. Agace kanini kagabanutse gusuzumwa ukurikije igiteranyo cy’ahantu hafite inenge mu gice cy’isuzuma ukurikije indangagaciro ziri mu mbonerahamwe ya 13. Imbonerahamwe 14 , chiller y'imbere idahujwe hamwe ninkunga yibyondo idashyizwe hamwe muri firime nzashyirwa mubyiciro 6. 6.4 Urutonde rwuzuye rwinenge 5.4.1 Mubice byo gusuzuma, niba hari ubwoko bubiri cyangwa bwinshi bwinenge icyarimwe, ibyiciro bizakorwa ukurikije ubwoko bw'inenge, hanyuma igipimo cyuzuye kizakorwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwatanzwe muri 5.42 ~ 5.4.4. 5.4.2 Mu gice cy’isuzuma, niba hari inenge zubutaka bumwe cyangwa bubiri bwubutaka kandi urwego ntirworoshye, icyiciro cyo hasi kizafatwa nkurwego rwuzuye. 5.4.3 Mu gice cyo gusuzuma, niba hari ubwoko bubiri cyangwa bwinshi bwinenge zifite icyiciro kimwe, igipimo cyuzuye kizagabanywa nurwego rumwe. Mugihe cyubwoko bubiri cyangwa bwinshi bwurwego rwa I inenge, 'inenge igomba gushyirwa mubyiciro 2 mugihe umubare, uburebure cyangwa ubuso bwinenge birenze 1/2 cyagaciro kemewe. Nyamara, inenge yashyizwe mu rwego rwa 2 ukurikije imbonerahamwe ya 10 cyangwa Imbonerahamwe ya 11, cyangwa inenge yashyizwe mu rwego rwa 2 ukurikije imbonerahamwe ya 9 na Imbonerahamwe 14, ikaba itarenze urugero rwo gushyira mu bikorwa urwego rwa I nta bunini bugereranije bw’inenge, izabikora shyirwa mu rwego rwa 2 niyo yaba ivanze nizindi nzego zimwe. 5.4.4 Niba uwasuzumye atekereza ko inenge ifite ingaruka z’umutekano, irashobora gufatwa nkaho itujuje ibisabwa. Ibyuma bikozwe mu byuma bigomba gusuzumwa isegonda nyuma yo kwambara no gutunganywa, kandi bizasuzumwa ku nenge zitandukanye ziri hejuru ukurikije amafoto agaragara muri iki gipimo (reba Umutwe wa 4). Ibipimo byakusanyirijwe hamwe ubwoko 12 bwimyaka yubusembwa (reba 4.1--4.12, buri bwoko bwinenge burimo imanza 5 zihagarariwe na A, B, C, D na E. Ubwoko bwose bwinenge [andika} urumuri c}} mumagambo yerekana amanota ni byasobanuwe gusa kubusembwa bwubuso Ubwoko nibiranga inenge zitandukanye zasobanuwe kuburyo bukurikira: 1 Urwego Uru rwego rugaragaza ubwoko nibiranga inenge zubuso mumibande, flanges, imiyoboro ya pompe nibindi bikoresho byo guhunika ibyuma kugenzura no kwemerera ubwiza bwubuso bwa valve, flanges, fitingi nibindi bikoresho byo guhunika ibyuma 2. Gusuzuma ubuziranenge bwubutaka Ibyuma bigomba kugenzurwa kumasegonda nyuma yo gusanwa no gutunganywa, kandi inenge ziri hejuru yubutaka gusuzumwa ukurikije amafoto yasobanuwe muriki gipimo (reba Umutwe wa 4) 3. Gutondekanya ibisobanuro byifoto 3.1 Iki gipimo gikusanya ubwoko 12 bwubusembwa bwimyaka (reba 4.1--4.12), buri bwoko bwinenge burimo imanza 5 zihagarariwe na A. , B, C, D na E, imanza ebyiri zerekanwe na A na B ziremewe (zujuje ibisabwa), naho imanza eshatu za C, D na E ntizemewe (zujuje ibyangombwa). Urebye ibibazo byatewe n'ibishashara ukoresheje igipimo kimwe kugirango umenye ingano yubukonje bwubuso bwa casting, amafoto 60 yatanzwe muriki gipimo ni ingero zishusho yubunini nyabwo bwa 4 X 100 mm X 125 mm yubuso bwihariye. hejuru. 3. 2 Ubwoko bwose bufite inenge kumafoto yerekana amanota [Andika amagambo} urumuri c}} ibisobanuro bisobanurwa gukoreshwa gusa kubitagenda neza. Ubwoko nibiranga buri nenge yubuso byasobanuwe kuburyo bukurikira: a} gucamo: gutondekanya umurongo hejuru yicyuma bitewe nigikorwa cyo guhangayika imbere no hanze. Mubisanzwe bigaragara hejuru yubutaka ntibujuje ibyangombwa. b) Kugabanya akavuyo: Bitewe nicyuma}} L-1}}, mugusuka no gutema ibyago byo gukata ibyuma, imiterere ntisanzwe cyane, urukuta rurakomeye kandi hariho dendri isa na dendri. C) Umwobo wumucanga (slag): umwobo ufite umucanga (slag) wakozwe hejuru yicyuma kubera uruhare rwumucanga mubyuma bishongeshejwe. d) Ibinogo: kubera kuvanga gaze mubyuma bishongeshejwe, no gushiraho ubunini butandukanye hejuru ya skim l ", urukuta rw'umwobo ruroroshye kandi rufite amapera, ruzengurutse, ova cyangwa urushinge rufite ishusho. e (Ridged projection): Igiti (umusozi) gikozwe mubyuma byerekana hejuru yicyuma hamwe nu mfuruka zikaze zakozwe hejuru yubusumbane bitewe nubusembwa cyangwa guhindura ubuso bwumusenyi g) Gutandukanya ubukonje no gukonjesha: imyobo yinjira cyangwa idashobora kwinjizwa hejuru yubuso bwibyuma muburyo bwo guhuza impande zose. ubwoko bw'imbyino. Muri epidermis muri rusange hamwe numuyoboro wimbitse wibiti byitwa crease h) Gukata inkovu: inkovu yasizwe no kwambara bidakwiye mugikorwa cyo gukora isuku, gukata, gusuka no kuzamuka kwicyuma i) Inkovu ubuso bw'ibyuma bikozwe ni inkovu. Ubuso burakomeye, inkombe irakaze, hariho icyuma gito cyizere cyicyuma kandi umubiri wicyuma wambitswe amaboko uhujwe, kandi hariho umusenyi hagati yinkovu na casting. j scar Inkovu zometseho: Inkovu isigaye hejuru yicyuma kuko igitereko cyimbere cyangwa chiller y'imbere yananiwe gushonga burundu. k) Inkovu yo gusudira: inkovu yasigaye ku gusudira gusana ibyuma kubera gusana nabi nyuma yo gusudira. l) Ubuso bubi: ubuso bwibyuma ntibworoshye kandi ntiburinganiye. 4 Kuringaniza Amafoto 4. 1 Andika a): Crack