Ongororo yemabasa mana epaipi mavharuvhu Kugovera uye kudhiraivha pombi vharuvhu sarudzo

Kuongororwa kwemabasa mana evhavhavha yepombi Kugovera uye kusarudzwa kwevhavha yepombi yemvura Kutanga, kugurwa uye kusunungura svikiro iyi ndiyo inonyanya kushanda yevhavha, kazhinji inosarudza nzira yekuyerera yevhavha yakatwasuka, kuyerera kwekudzivirira kuduku. Kudzika vharafu yakavharwa (globe valve, plunger valve) nekuda kweiyo tortuous kuyerera nzira, kuyerera kwekudzivirira kwakakwira kupfuura mamwe mavharuvhu, saka mashoma akasarudzwa. Mavharuvhu akavharwa anogona kushandiswa uko kuyerera kwakanyanya kunobvumidzwa. Chechipiri, kudzora Kutanga, kugurwa uye kusunungura svikiro Iri ndiro basa guru revhavha, kazhinji sarudza yakananga nzira yevhavha, kuyerera kwayo kuderera kuduku. Kudzika vharafu yakavharwa (globe valve, plunger valve) nekuda kweiyo tortuous kuyerera nzira, kuyerera kwekudzivirira kwakakwira kupfuura mamwe mavharuvhu, saka mashoma akasarudzwa. Mavharuvhu akavharwa anogona kushandiswa uko kuyerera kwakanyanya kunobvumidzwa. Vaviri, kudzora kuyerera A valve iri nyore kugadzirisa inowanzosarudzwa kudzora kuyerera. Mavharuvhu ekudzika achivhara (akadai SEGLOBE) ANOKOdzera CHINANGWA ICHI NOKUTI UYE HWECHIGARO HWAKAENDEANA NEKUSVIRWA KWEZVINHU. Rotary VALVES (PLUG, butterfly, BALL mavharuvhu) uye FLEXURE BODY VALVES (PINCH, DIAPHRAGM) ANOWANIKWAWO KUTI HUNOGONESA, asi ZVINOGARA CHETE muchikamu chidiki chevharuvhu DIAMETERS. Gedhi VALVE IS Idhisiki rakaumbwa gedhi kune denderedzwa chigaro chiteshi kuita transverse kufamba, iyo chete iri padyo nenzvimbo yakavharwa, inogona kudzora zvirinani kuyerera, saka kazhinji haishandiswe kuyerera kuyerera. Tatu, commutation shunt Ivhavha inogona kuva nematanho matatu kana anopfuura, zvichienderana nekudiwa kwekudzokera shure uye kutsauka. Plug nebhora mavharuvhu akanyatsokodzera chinangwa ichi, uye saka, mavharuvhu mazhinji anoshandiswa kudzosera kumashure uye kutsausa anosarudzwa seimwe yeaya mavharuvhu. Nekudaro, MUZVIMWE ZVIMWE ZVINHU, mamwe MATINJI EMAVIVE ZVINOGONA KUSHANDISWA SEZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINOTSAUSA, ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVIMWE kana ZVIMWE ZVIMWE ZVINOGONA Akanyatsobatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe. 4. Pakati nepakati nezvikamu zvakaturikwa Kana iyo yepakati ine zvidimbu zvakamiswa, ** yakakodzera kushandiswa kwezvikamu zvekuvhara pamwe chete nekuvhara pamusoro pevhavha inotsvedza nekupukuta chiito. Kana KUSVIRWA KWAKANYORA KUSVIRWA NEKUFAMBIRA KWECHIGARO, ZVINHU ZVINOGONA KUTEPIWA, SAKA VALVITI IYI INONYANYA KUNYANYA KUNYANYA KUCHENA MEDIA KUSENGA KUTI KUSIMWA KWEZVINHU ZVINOGONA KUTI ZVINHU ZVINENGE ZVICHIDZIDZWA. Mavharuvhu ebhora uye mavharuvhu epuragi anopukuta nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso panguva yekuvhura nekuvhara, saka akakodzera kushandiswa mune midhiya ine yakaturikwa zvimedu. Kuongororwa kwemvura uye kusarudzwa kwepombi yepipeline kusarudzwa, kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu nekuisa zvikamu (a) pombi yemvura inoshandiswa pavharuvhu, kazhinji zvichienderana nemitemo inotevera yekusarudza 1. Kana iyo dhayamita yepombi isingapfuuri 50mm, zvinokurudzirwa shandisa globe vharafu, kana pombi dhayamita yakakura kupfuura 50mm, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa gedhi vharafu uye butterfly vharafu. 2 inoda kugadzirisa kuyerera, kudzvanywa kwemvura kana kushandiswa kwevhavha yekudzora, vharafu yakatemwa. Chekutanga, kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu nekuisa zvikamu (a) vharafu rinoshandiswa papombi yekupa mvura, kazhinji zvinoenderana nemisimboti inotevera. yakakura kupfuura 50mm, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa vharafu yegedhi uye butterfly valve. 2 inoda kugadzirisa kuyerera, kudzvanywa kwemvura kana kushandiswa kwevhavha yekudzora, vharafu yakatemwa. 3. Apo mvura inoyerera inopikisa iduku (yakadai sepombi yekusveta pombi yemvura), valve yegedhi inofanira kushandiswa. 4. Vhuru yegedhi nevhavhavhavhavhavha ichashandiswa pachikamu chepombi apo kuyerera kwemvura kunoda kuva bidirectional, uye vharafu yekumisa haifaniri kushandiswa. 5. Butterfly valve uye valve valve inofanira kushandiswa muzvikamu nediki yekuisa nzvimbo. 6. Stop valve inofanira kushandiswa muchikamu chepombi chinowanzovhurwa uye chakavharwa. 7. Multi-function valve inofanira kushandiswa papombi yemvura inobuda pombi ine dhayamita yakakura. (2) Nzvimbo dzinotevera dzepombi yemvura dzinofanirwa kupihwa mavharuvhu. 2. Node dzemhete pombi network kunze kwenzvimbo yekugara ichaiswa maererano nekuparadzanisa zvinodiwa. Apo chikamu chepombi chemhete chakareba, zvakakodzera kuisa chikamu chevhavha. 3. Mhedziso yekutanga yepombi yebazi yakabatanidzwa kune pombi huru yemvura munzvimbo yekugara kana kutanga kwepombi yeimba. 4. Pombi yemumba, mita yemvura uye zvekusimuka kwebazi (pasi pechikwiriso, chepamusoro nechepazasi pemigumo ye vertical ring pipe riser). 5. Iyo pombi huru yemhete pombi network uye pombi yekubatanidza kuburikidza nebazi pombi network. 6. Pombi yemvura yemukati yakabatana nepanotangira pombi yekugovera mvura yakabatana neimba uye chimbuzi cheveruzhinji, nezvimwewo, uye nzvimbo yekugovera mvura papombi yebazi rekugovera mvura inofanira kuiswa kana paine 3 kana kupfuura mvura. nzvimbo dzekugovera. 7. Pombi yekuburitsa pombi yemvura uye pombi yekukweva yepombi yekudiridzira yega yega. 8. Mapombi ekupinza uye ekubuditsa mvura uye pombi dzemvura dzetangi remvura. 9. Mvura inopinza uye kuzadzazve mapaipi emidziyo (senge hita neshongwe yekutonhora). 10. Mapombi emidziyo yehutsanana (semuhombe, weti, mabheseni, mashawa, nezvimwewo). 11. Zvimwe zvishongedzo, zvakadai sevharuvhu yekupedza otomatiki, vharafu yekudzivirira, nyundo yemvura inobvisa, gauge yemagetsi, sprinkler plug, kudzvinyirira kuderedza valve uye chigadziro chekudzivirira shure shure uye shure. 12. Mavharuvhu emvura anofanirwa kuiswa pazasi pemvura network. (3) Chivharo chekuvhara chinofanira kusarudzwa kazhinji maererano nechinzvimbo chayo chekuisa, kumanikidzwa kwemvura pamberi pevhavha, zvinodiwa zvekuvhara chisimbiso mushure mekuvhara uye ukuru hwenyundo yemvura yakakonzerwa pakuvhara 1. Kana kudzvinyirira pamberi pevhavha kuduku, swing, bhora uye shuttle cheki mavharuvhu anofanira kusarudzwa. 2. Kana zvisimbiso zvekuita zvisimbiso zvakasimba mushure mekuvhara, cheki yevhavha ine chitubu chekuvhara inofanira kusarudzwa. 3. Apo nyundo yemvura inoda kuti ive isina simba, zvakakodzera kusarudza kukurumidza-kuvhara kusina ruzha chekivhavha kana kuti inononoka yekuvhara yevhavha ine damping device. 4. Kuputika kwevhavha kana spool yevhavha yecheki inofanira kukwanisa kuvhara pachayo pasi pechiito chegiravhiti kana simba remvura. Cheka mavhavha ACHANGE AKAISWA PAZVIKAMU ZVINOTEVERA ZVEPIPELINE YEKUPA MVURA Inotungamirira muchubhu; Papombi inopinza yemvura yakavharwa inopisa kana midziyo yekushandisa mvura; Pombi yekubuda kwepombi yemvura; Mapombi emvura ekupinda nekubuda anosanganisirwa netangi remvura, shongwe yemvura, uye chikamu chekubuda chepombi chedziva repombi. Cherechedza: Hazvidikanwi kuisa cheki mavharuvhu ezvikamu zvepombi akashongedzerwa ne backflow preventers. 5 2. Kune chikamu chetiweki yemvura ine kushanduka kuri pachena uye kuunganidzwa kwemhepo, otomatiki exhaust valve kana manual valve exhaust yakaiswa panzvimbo yepamusoro yechikamu ichi. 3. Pneumatic mvura yekupa mudziyo, kana otomatiki mhepo yekuzadza mhando pneumatic mvura tangi inoshandiswa, iyo yakakwira nzvimbo yetiweki yekugovera mvura inofanirwa kuve yakashongedzerwa neatomatiki epositi valve. Chechipiri, mabhenefiti neakaipa eakasiyana mavharuvhu 1, gedhi mavharuvhu, gedhi vharuvhu inoreva nzvimbo dzekuvhara (gedhi) padivi peyakamira yakamira yeakisi yechiteshi chekufambisa vharafu, mupombi inonyanya kushandiswa seyakagurwa svikiro. , ndiko kuti, kushandiswa kuvhurika kana kuvharwa zvakazara. Kazhinji, mavharuvhu emagedhi haagoni kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuyerera. Inogona kuiswa kune yakaderera tembiricha yekumanikidza inogona zvakare kuiswa kune yakakwira tembiricha uye yakanyanya kudzvanywa, uye zvinoenderana neyakasiyana zvinhu zvevhavha. Asi vharuvhu yegedhi haiwanzo shandiswa kuendesa madhaka uye mamwe midhiya mupombi. Zvakanakira: (1) kusamira kwemvura kudiki; ② torque inodiwa pakuvhura nekuvhara idiki; ③ inogona kushandiswa mukuyerera kwepakati kuenda kune mbiri nzira yemhete network manejimendi nzira, kureva kuti, kuyerera kwepakati hakudzivirirwe; (4) Kana yakanyatsozaruka, nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso inonyungudutswa nesvikiro rekushanda kupfuura vharafu yekumisa; ⑤ Chimiro chemuviri chiri nyore, uye teknolojia yekugadzira yakanaka; ⑥ Kureba kwechimiro kupfupi. Zvakaipa: (1) ukuru uye kureba kwekuvhura kwakakura, nzvimbo inodiwa kuisa yakakurawo; ② Mukuita kwekuvhura nekuvhara, nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso inopesana, kurasikirwa kwekukwevera kwakakura, uye kunyange nyore kukonzera abrasion chiitiko pakupisa kwepamusoro; ③ Ivhavhavha yegedhi ine mbiri yekuisa chisimbiso, kune kugadzirisa, kukuya uye kugadzirisa kwakawedzera mamwe matambudziko; (4) Nguva refu yekuvhura nekuvhara. 2, butterfly Butterfly vharafu idhisiki remhando yekuvhura nekuvhara zvikamu zvinodzokerana zvakatenderedza 90 madhigirii kuvhura, kuvhara uye kugadzirisa chiteshi chemvura chevharuvhu. Zvakanakira: ① chimiro chakareruka, vhoriyamu diki, huremu huremu, zvinoshandiswa, zvisingashandiswe muvharupu yakakura; ② kukurumidza kuvhura nekuvhara, kushoma kuyerera kwekudzivirira; (3) inogona kushandiswa yepakati neyakaturikwa yakasimba zvimedu, zvinoenderana nesimba rekuisa chisimbiso chepamusoro chinogona zvakare kushandiswa kune hupfu uye granular media. Inogona kuiswa kune nzira mbiri dzekuvhura, kuvhara uye kugadzirisa kwemhepo uye kubvisa guruva pombi, uye inoshandiswa mumapombi egasi uye nzira dzemvura dzesimbi, indasitiri yemwenje, magetsi emagetsi uye petrochemical masisitimu, nezvimwe. yekuyerera kwemutemo haisi yakakura, kana yakavhurwa kusvika 30%, kuyerera kuchapinda kupfuura 95%. ② Nekuda kwechimiro uye chisimbiso chevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavha. General kushanda tembiricha pazasi 300 ℃, PN40 pazasi. ③ Kuiswa chisimbiso kwakashata kana kuchienzaniswa nevharuvhu yebhora neglobe valve, saka inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinodiwa zvekuisa chisimbiso zvisiri zvakanyanya. 3, bhora revhavha Yakashandurwa kubva pavhavhavhavha, kuvhura kwayo nekuvhara chikamu ibhora, kushandiswa kwebhora kutenderedza axis yevhavha stem rotation 90 ° kuti iwane chinangwa chekuvhura nekuvhara. Mavharuvhu ebhora anonyanya kushandiswa kucheka, kugovera uye kushandura nzira yekuyerera kwepakati papombi. Mavharuvhu ebhora akagadzirwa seV-shaped kuvhurwa anewo zvakanaka kuyerera kwekutonga basa. Zvakanakira: ① Iyo ine yakaderera kuyerera kuramba (chaizvoizvo 0); ② Nekuti haizobatike pabasa (isina lubricant), inogona kushandiswa zvakavimbika mumidhiya inoora uye yakaderera kubikira mvura; (3) Muhuwandu hwakakura hwekumanikidza uye tembiricha, inogona kuwana chisimbiso chakakwana; ④ Kukurumidza kuvhura nekuvhara kunogona kuitika. Nguva yekuvhura uye yekuvhara yezvimwe zvimiro ndeye 0.05-0.1s, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inogona kushandiswa mune otomatiki system yebhenji rekuyedza. Paunenge uchivhura nekuvhara valve nekukurumidza, kushanda hakuna kukanganisa. ⑤ Spherical kuvhara zvikamu zvinogona kuiswa otomatiki pachinzvimbo chemuganho; ⑥ svikiro rekushanda rakavharwa zvakavimbika kumativi ese; ⑦ munzvimbo yakazaruka uye yakavharwa zvakazara, bhora uye chigaro chevharuvhu chisimbiso chepamusoro uye kuparadzaniswa kwepakati, saka kumhanya kwakanyanya kuburikidza nepakati pevharuvhu hakuzokonzerese kukukurwa kwenzvimbo yekuvharira; ⑧ Compact dhizaini, huremu huremu, inogona kutariswa kuti ndiyo inonzwisisika vharafu chimiro cheyakadzika tembiricha yepakati system; ⑨ Symmetrical valve body, kunyanya welded valve body structure, inogona kumira kushushikana kubva pombi zvakanaka; ⑩ Zvikamu zvekuvhara zvinogona kumira musiyano wepamusoro kana uchivhara. (11) zvizere welded vharafu muviri, anogona kuvigwa zvakananga muvhu, kuitira kuti vharafu mukati ngura, yakati wandei sevhisi upenyu anosvika 30 makore, oiri, chaiwo gasi pombi ndiyo yakakodzera vharafu. Zvakaipa: ① nekuti iyo hombe yevharuvhu yekuisa chisimbiso mhete ndeye PTFE, inert kune angangoita ese makemikari, uye ine diki coefficient yekukwesha, kuita kwakadzikama, kusiri nyore kuchembera, kuwanda kwekushisa kwekushandisa uye yakanakisa yekuisa chisimbiso maitiro akazara. . Zvisineyi, ZVINHU ZVAKAITIKA TEFLON, KUSIKIRA IYE YAKATAURWA YEKUKUDZWA, KUNYANYA KUTI KUNENGE KUFIRIRA, UYE KUNYANYA KUNYANYA KUITA KUNYANYA, KUNODA KUTI KUGADZIRWA KWECHIGARO KUTENGA ZVINHU ZVINO. Nokudaro, kana chinhu chekuvhara chikava chakaoma, kuvimbika kwechisimbiso kunokanganiswa. Uyezve, Teflon ine yakaderera tembiricha kuramba giredhi uye inogona chete kushandiswa pasi pemamiriro isingasviki 180 ℃. Pamusoro pe tembiricha iyi, chisimbiso chinozochembera. Panyaya yekushandiswa kwenguva refu, kazhinji haishandiswe pa120 ℃. (2) kushanda kwayo kwekutonga kwakaipa kudarika vheji yepasi, kunyanya iyo pneumatic valve (kana yemagetsi valve). 4, vharavhavhavhavhavha umo nhengo yekuvhara (disc) inofamba ichitevedza mutsetse wepakati pechigaro. Maererano nekufamba uku kwe disc, kuchinja kwechigaro chevhavha kuburikidza nevhavha inofananidzwa ne disc stroke. Nekuda kwerudzi urwu rwevharuvhu dzinde rakavhurika kana rakavharika sitiroko ipfupi, uye ine yakavimbika kwazvo yekucheka basa, uye nekuda kwekushandurwa kwechigaro chevharuvhu kuburikidza nekurova kwe disc inoenderana nehukama, yakakodzera kwazvo kuyerera kwemutemo. . Nokudaro, rudzi urwu rwevhavha runonyatsokodzera kucheka kana kugadzirisa uye throttling. Zvakanakira: ① mukuita kwekuvhura nekuvhara, nekuti iko kupokana pakati pe disc nevharuvha yekuvharisa pamusoro idiki pane yegedhi vharafu, saka inopfeka-inomira. Iyo yekuvhura kureba inowanzove * 1/4 yechigaro chiteshi, idiki zvakanyanya pane gedhi vharafu; ③ Pane kazhinji pane imwe chete yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro pemuviri wevhavha uye disc, saka tekinoroji yekugadzira iri nani uye iri nyore kuchengetedza. ④ Nekuti iyo filler inowanzo musanganiswa weasbestos uye graphite, ine yakanyanya tembiricha kuramba. Steam mavharuvhu anowanzo shandiswa nemavharuvhu ekumisa. Zvakaipa: ① nekuda kwekuyerera kwepakati kuburikidza nevharuvhu yachinja, saka kuyerera kudiki kwevharuvhu yeglobe kwakakwira kupfuura mamwe marudzi mazhinji emavharuvhu; ② Nekuda kwekufamba kwenguva refu, kumhanya kwekuvhura kunononoka kupfuura vheji yebhora. 5. Plug valve Inoreva chikamu chekuvhara muvharuvha yeplunger yakaita rotary, kuburikidza ne90 madhigirii ekutenderera kuitira kuti plug yevharuvhu pachiteshi chechiteshi uye muviri wevharuvhu pachiteshi chechiteshi zvinotaurirwa kana kuparadzaniswa, kuvhura kana kuvhara vharafu. Iyo plug inogona kuve cylindrical kana conical muchimiro. Nheyo yayo inonyanya kufanana nevhavha yebhora, bhora revhavha rinogadzirwa pahwaro hwevhavhavhavha, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwemafuta munda, asi inoshandiswawo muindasitiri yepetrochemical.