II Makumi maviri neshanu taboo yekumisikidza midziyo yakaoma valve, yakawanda sei yaunoziva?

Taboo 11 Yakashata yekuisa vharafu nzira. Semuenzaniso, mvura (steam) inoyerera nzira yevhavha yekumisa kana cheki vharafu yakatarisana nechiratidzo, tsinde yevharuvhu yakaiswa pasi, vharafu yekutarisa yakaiswa yakatwasuka, mubato wekusimuka wegedhi vharafu kana butterfly valve haina. nzvimbo yekuvhura nekuvhara, uye tsinde yevharuvhu yevharuvhu yakavanzwa haina kutarisana nevhavha yekuongorora. Mhedzisiro: kutadza kwevharuvhu, kushandura kugadzirisa matambudziko, kudzikira pasi kazhinji kunokonzera kubuda kwemvura. Zviyero: isa zvakanyatsoenderana nemirairo yekuisa valve. Iri hunde regedhi revhavha rine hurefu hwakakwana hwekuvhura hurefu. Nzvimbo yekutenderedza mubato ichatariswa zvizere nezvevharuvhu yeshavishavi. Dzinde remavharuvhu akasiyana harifanire kudzika pane rakachinjika kana kudzika. Ivhavha yakavanzwa haingopiwi chete nevhavha yekuongorora inosangana nekuvhura nekuvhara zvinodiwa zvevhavha, asiwo tsinde yevhavha ichatarisana nevhavha yekuongorora. Taboo 12 Tsanangudzo uye muenzaniso wevhavha yakasimwa haisati yasangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, kudzvinyirirwa kwezita revhavha ishoma pane system test pressure; apo dhayamita yepombi yepombi yebazi rekupa mvura isingasviki kana yakaenzana ne50 mm, gedhi revhavha rinoshandiswa; iyo yekumisa valve inoshandiswa kune yakaoma uye yakatwasuka mapaipi ekupisa kwemvura inopisa; vharafu rinoshandiswa pakusveta mvura pombi yepombi yemoto. Mhedzisiro: inobata kuvhurika kwakajairika uye kuvhara kwevhavha uye gadzirisa kuramba, kumanikidza uye mamwe mabasa. Kunyange kukonzera kushanda kwehurongwa, kukuvara kwevharuvhu kunomanikidzwa kugadzirisa. Matanho: kujairana nechiyero chekushandiswa kwemavharuvhu akasiyana, uye sarudza iyo yakatarwa uye mhando dzemavharuvhu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Iyo yekumanikidza yezita revhavha ichasangana nezvinodiwa zve system test pressure. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekuvakwa kwekuvaka: vharafu yekumisa ichashandiswa kana iyo dhayamita yemvura yebazi pombi isingasviki kana yakaenzana ne50mm; vharafu yegedhi ichashandiswa kana dhayamita yakakura kupfuura 50mm. Vhuru yegedhi ichashandiswa pakudziisa mvura inopisa yakaoma uye yakatwasuka vharuvhu yekudzora, uye vharuvhu yeshavishavi haifanirwe kushandiswa pakusveta pombi yemoto. Taboo 13 Pamberi pekuiswa kwevhavha, kuongororwa kwehutano hunodiwa hakuitike sezvinodiwa. Mhedzisiro: panguva yekushanda kwegadziriro, vheji yevhavha haina kushanduka, kuvhara hakusi kwakasimba uye chiitiko chemvura (steam) kubuda kunoitika, zvichikonzera kushanda zvakare nekugadzirisa, kunyange kukanganisa mvura yakajairika (steam). Matanho: kusimba kwesimba uye tightness bvunzo ichaitwa pamberi pekuisa valve. 10% yebatch yega yega (yemhando imwechete, yakatarwa uye modhi) ichasarudzirwa bvunzo, uye isingasviki imwe. Kune mavharuvhu akavharwa akaiswa papombi huru kuti agure, simba uye kusimba bvunzo kunoitwa imwe neimwe. Simba revharuvhu uye kusimba kwekuyedza kumanikidza kunoenderana nezvinopihwa kodhi yekugamuchirwa kwemhando yekuvaka yekuvaka kwemvura yekuvaka uye yekudhonza uye yekudziya engineering (GB 50242-2002). Taboo 14 Zvishandiso zvikuru, zvishandiso uye zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mukuvaka kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi magwaro ekuzivikanwa kana zvitupa zvechigadzirwa zvinosangana nezviyero zvazvino zvakapihwa nehurumende kana Ministry. Mhedzisiro: iyo purojekiti yemhando haina kukodzera, kune njodzi dzinogona kuitika, uye haigone kuendeswa uye kushandiswa nenguva, saka inofanirwa kugadziriswa uye kugadziriswa; nguva yekuvaka inononoka, uye kuiswa kwebasa uye zvinhu zvinowedzera. Matanho: izvo zvikuru zvekushandisa, zvishandiso uye zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mukugezesa mvura uye kudhiraivha uye kupisa uye hutsanana engineering zvichapihwa magwaro ehunyanzvi ehunyanzvi hwekuongorora kana zvitupa zvechigadzirwa zvinosangana nezviyero zvazvino zvakapihwa nehurumende kana Ministry; zita rechigadzirwa, modhi, yakatarwa, yenyika mhando chiyero kodhi, zuva rekutumira, zita remugadziri nenzvimbo, chitupa chekuongorora chigadzirwa kana kodhi icharatidzwa. Taboo 15 Valve inversion Mhedzisiro: iyo cheki vharafu, throttle vharafu, kumanikidza kuderedza valve, cheki vharafu uye mamwe mavharuvhu anotungamira. Kana vakaiswa reversely, iyo throttle valve inokanganisa kushanda kwebasa uye hupenyu; iyo yekumanikidza yekudzikisa valve haishande zvachose, uye cheki vharafu inotokonzera njodzi. Zviyero: kune mavharuvhu akajairwa, pane chiratidzo chekutungamira pamutumbi wevharuvhu; kana zvisina kudaro, inofanira kunyatsozivikanwa maererano nemitemo yekushanda yevhavha. Ivhavhavhavha yevhavha yekumira haina symmetrical. Mvura inofanira kubvumirwa kupfuura nepakati pevhavhavha kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro, kuitira kuti kupikisa kwemvura kuve kuduku (kunotemerwa nechimiro), kuvhura ndeyekuchengetedza-basa (nekuda kwekumanikidza kwepamusoro kwepakati), uye yepakati. haina kudzvinyirirwa mushure mekuvhara, iyo iri nyore pakugadzirisa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei valve yekumisa isingakwanise kudzoserwa kumashure. Usaisa gedhi vharafu wakatsikitsira pasi (kureva ruoko vhiri iri pasi), zvikasadaro, svikiro acharamba ari vharafu vharafu nzvimbo kwenguva yakareba, zviri nyore corrode vharafu hunde, uye inorambidzwa zvimwe muitiro zvinodiwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, hazvibatsiri kushandura kurongedza. Vhura stem gedhi vharuvhu haifaniri kuiswa pasi pevhu, zvikasadaro dzinde rakavhurika rinoita ngura nekuda kwekunyorova. Paunenge uchiisa cheki cheki cheki, ita shuwa kuti dhisiki yevhavha yakamira, kuitira kuti kusimudza kuchinjike. Iyo swing cheki vharuvhu ichaiswa nepini yayo shaft yakachinjika kuitira kuti ikwanise kuzungunuka. Ivharuvhu yekuyamura ichaiswa yakatwasuka papombi yakatwasuka uye haizorerekera kumativi ese.