Kune akawanda akasiyana mafomu emasikisi uye ekufukidza. Asi ese akafanana here mukudzivirira kupararira kweCovid-19 coronavirus? [+] Pamufananidzo, Ashley Haas (kuruboshwe), Ashley Haas naHeather Aboff vanoonekwa muSoHo, New York City vakapfeka zvipfeko zvavo. (Mufananidzo naGotham/GC)
Kunyangwe nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana, vanhu vanogona kupedzisira vapfeka pazviso zvavo panguva imwe chete. Zvose zvinogona kuva nemhando dzakawanda uye magadzirirwo. Havasi vanhu vese vakasikwa vakaenzana. Mamwe (masiki, kwete pizza) ari nani pakuvhara madonhwe anogona kuyerera kubva mumhino nemumuromo mako kupfuura mamwe. Muchokwadi, maererano neongororo ichangobva kubudiswa mumagazini yeScience Advances, mune zvimwe zviitiko, mamwe masiki anotoita kuti mamiriro acho anyanye, zvichiita kuti madonhwe akawanda abudiswe mumhepo.
Hongu, wazvinzwa zvakanaka. Kupfeka mamwe masiki kungave kwakaipisisa kupfuura chinhu. Thatos hazvisi izvo nenziyo dzakanyorwa naAlison Krauss, saka mask inogona sei kuipa kupfuura kusapfeka chinhu kunze kwekunyemwerera pachiso? Paunokosora, kuhotsira, kutaura, kuimba, kufemereka uye uchiti “Oh Pizza”, mask yacho haifanire kuvharira zvese zvinoyerera zvichibuda mumuromo nemumhino here? Iyo mask haifanire kubatsira kumisa mhino yako yakasviba nemuromo kubva pakuparadzira Covid-19 coronavirus kune vamwe?
Muchidzidzo ichi, boka kubva kuDuke University (Emma P. Fischer, Martin C. Fischer, David Grass, Isaac Henrion, Warren S. Warren, naEric Westman) vakagadzira "kupfira pasi" apo vamwe vanhu vanotaura nebhokisi. . "mufananidzo. Chidzidzo chacho chakashandisa danda relaser rinotyisa kuita izvi. Laser beam yakagadzira chidimbu chechiedza pamberi pegomba mubhokisi dema. Nokudaro, muchidimbu, kuedza hakusi bhokisi dema chete.
Zvadaro, boka rekutsvakurudza rakakumbira munhu kuti aise muromo wake mugomba uye adzokorore mutsara wekuti "ramba uine hutano, vanhu" kashanu. Naizvozvo, chinhu chipi nechipi chinobuda mumuromo memunhu, chingava kadonhwe kaduku kana kuti chidimbu chembwa inopisa, zvinozorovera pepa rechiedza, zvichiita kuti chiedza chipararire. Mune mamwe mazwi, chero madonhwe kana zvimedu zvinoparadzira pepa kubva mairi. Kamera yefoni yakatora chati iyi, iyo inobvumira muongorori kuti aone zvakasvipirwa kubva mumuromo wemunhu.
Munhu akadzokorora maitiro aya kakawanda, kutanga asina chero mask, uye obva apfeka gumi nemana emhando dzakasiyana dzemasiki. Munhu uyu akanga asina kupfeka masiki gumi nemana panguva imwe chete, zvaiita sezvisina musoro. Pane kudaro, munhu uyu anoedza imwe panguva. Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakagadzira tafura yekudonha yemamita tafura, uko 1.0 inomiririra huwandu hwemadonhwe anorova bepa remubhedha kana munhu asina kupfeka mask, uye 0.0 inomiririra zvinoitika kana yakanakisa mask yakashandiswa. Zvakare, yeuka kuti iyi ingori vhezheni yeimwe neimwe yemhando gumi neina dzakasiyana dzemasiki dzakaedza munhu mumwe.
N95 masks kunze kweNew York University Langone Health Hospital panguva yedenda re coronavirus. … [+] (Mufananidzo naNoam Calais/Getty Images)
Hapana mubvunzo kuti iyo yakanakisa mask iri pachena iyo N95 mask isina vharafu yekufemesa. Mushure mezvose, urwu ndirwo rudzi rwezvipfeko izvo vashandi vekurapa vanofanirwa kupfeka, vachifunga kuti nzvimbo dzavo dzehutano dzinopa dziviriro yakakwana. Aya masiki akagadzirirwa kudzivirira madonhwe uye mavhairasi kuyerera kana kuyerera kubva chero nzira, uye kudzivirira anopfeka uye nevamwe vese. Maedzo akaitwa neiyi mask anobata bepa pamwechete, aine mashoma akapararira mapoinzi akarekodhwa. Kutaura zvazviri, mask yakadaro haina kukwana. Nekudaro, ivo vanoshanda seyero yekuyedza uku, uye hukama hwemadonhwe kuverenga ndeye zero.
Masks ekuvhiya, semasiki anopfekwa nevashandi vekurapa muHong Kong, China, akapedzwa muyedzo… [+] Nzvimbo yechipiri. (Qin Louyue/Mufananidzo neChina News Service, Getty Images)
Wechipiri mutambi hazvishamisi. Kuenzaniswa neN95 mask, iyo yehukama inodonha kuverenga kwematatu-layer yekuvhiya mask ine shanduko yakakura, kubva pa0 kusvika 0.1. Aya masiki zvakare giredhi rekurapa uye anogona kuita sebhokisi (yemukati pachinzvimbo chaMike Tyson). Vanogona kuvanza zvinhu zvakawanda mukati, asi nguva nenguva vanorega zvimwe zvinhu zvichitsvedza kunze.
Nzvimbo yechitatu neyechina ndeye polypropylene masks: masiki ekotoni-polypropylene-cotton uye 2-layer polypropylene apron masks. Huwandu hwavo hwemadonhwe hunosvika 0.1, hwakakwira zvishoma pane hwemasiki ekuvhiya.
Wechishanu kusvika kune wegumi nerimwe aipedza aisanganisira mana akasiyana maviri-layer machira edonje masiki uye imwe chete-layer donje pleated mask. Izvi zvinowira mukati meiyo hukama inodonha kuverenga huwandu hwe zero kusvika 0.4. Saka vakaita kuti mamwe machira afambe.
Rudzi rwechinomwe ndechimwe N95 mask: mask ine vharafu yekufemesa. Izvi zvinorekodha kudonha kwehama kuverengeka kubva pa0.1 kusvika 0.2. Paunenge uchishandisa N95 mask, tanga watarisa kana iine vharafu yekufemesa inodarika sefa. Iyo N95 mask ine vharuvhu iyi yakada kufanana neaya-imwe nzira yekuona mahwindo. Inongopa dziviriro yakazara mune imwe nzira. Kunyange zvazvo chifukidziro chichigona kukudzivirira, ungapedzisira wazvifumura kune vamwe. Rega nditaure zvakare. Unogona kurega vamwe vanhu vachibata chero chinhu chingabuda mumuromo nemumhino dzako.
Iyi vharuvhu inoita kuti mweya upfuure nepamask kubva mumuromo nemumhino zveaipfeka pasina kupfuura nepasefa huru. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvingaita kuti zvive nyore kubudisa mweya, panguva imwe chete, zvinogonawo kubvumira utachiona kupinda kune rumwe rutivi. Kana chinangwa chega chemasikisi chiri chekudzivirira kubva kune zvinogona kuitika mumhepo, saka iyi valve yekufema inogona kunge yakanaka. Mumwe muenzaniso ndewekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka pakuvaka Tembere yaJustin Bieber. Asi mask akadaro haadzivirire vamwe kubva mukukuvara kwako senge N95 mask isina vharafu yekufemesa. Ndokusaka vashandi vekurapa vasingawanzo kushandisa masiki eN95 ane mavharuvhu ekufema.
Nzvimbo yepfumbamwe ndeye-single-layer Maxima AT mask ane avhareji hama yekudonha kuverenga kwe0.2, uye huwandu hwayo hahuna kukwirira kupfuura 0.3.
Nzvimbo yegumi nembiri ndiyo yakarukwa mask. Hazvishamise kuti huwandu hwemaski iyi hwakakura kwazvo, kubva panosvika 0.1 kusvika kune imwe hama inodonha kuverenga ingori pasi pe0.6. Masks akarukwa anowanzoita sekutaura kwezvematongerwo enyika uye azere nekuremara. Gomba rinogona kurega zvinhu zvakawanda zvichipfuura nepakati.
Ipapo kune masiki maviri, anogona kunge akanyanya kuipa pane kusapfeka mask zvachose. Muchinzvimbo chegumi nematatu, bandana inotangira kubva 0.2 kusvika 1.2. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti, mune dzimwe nguva, kushandisa Axl Rose kumhino nemuromo kunogona kubvumira madonhwe akawanda kupfuura kupfuura nemhino isina kupfeka nemuromo. zvingadaro sei? Ko hengechepfu huru ingabudisa sei madonhwe emvura akawanda? Zvakanaka, mhinduro ndeyekucheka chokwadi.
Zvichienderana negadziriro yaro, magadzirirwo, uye nzvimbo, hengechepfu yacho ingatocheka madonhwe makuru kuva madonhwe akawanda uye maduku. Funga nezvenguva yekupedzisira pawakaedza kusundira chidimbu cheParmesan nepahwindo rehwindo (nekuti ndiani asina kumbozviedza). Madonhwe madiki akashata kupfuura madonhwe makuru nekuti anogona kuyangarara mumhepo kwenguva yakareba uye anogona kupfuura nemunzira yekufema yemunhu zviri nyore.
Wekupedzisira apedza akatsanangura kuti sei ungasada kutizwa kana uchitenga mask. Iyo mask yemvere dzemakwai iri pachinzvimbo chechi14 pane rondedzero, zvakatonyanya kupfuura kusapfeka chinhu. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti iwe unogona kugadzira madutu makuru wakapfeka mask yemvere dzemakwai. Avhareji yehama yekudonha kuverenga ndeye 1.1. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, paavhareji, vanhu vakapfeka masks emvere dzemakwai vanoburitsa madonhwe akawanda kupfuura kana mhino nemuromo zvanyatsobuda. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvisingashande kune ese masiki emvere dzemakwai. Zvakangodaro, semabhandi anogona kuita mune dzimwe nguva, iyi mask yemvere dzemakwai inoshandura matambudziko makuru kuita mamwe matambudziko madiki. Izvi hazvina kunaka.
Ehe, tsvakiridzo iyi iri kure nekukwana uye ine zvakawanda zvinogumira. Izvo hazvina kuyedza ese angangoita mavhezheni emasiki akasiyana uye kuti anopfekwa sei. Semuyenzaniso, haasi ese maN95 masiki ane mavharuvhu ekufema uye akarukwa kana masiki emvere haana kumbofanana. Chinyorwa hachina kupa tsananguro yakadzama yemask yega yega uye mapfekero ega ega mask. Uye, ndiani anoziva zvichaitika, zviso zvakasiyana uye nzira dzekutaura dzinopfeka masiki.
Pamusoro pezvo, kumwaya madonhwe hazvirevi hazvo kuti uri kumwaya utachiona. Donhwe rega rega rinogona kunge risina kukwana kutapurira vamwe vanhu Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). Zvechokwadi, "Munhu wose, ramba uine hutano" handizvo chete zvaunotaura kune vamwe vanhu. Somuenzaniso, chii chaizoitika kana ukataura chimwe chinhu chakadai sekuti “zvazvinoita”? Naizvozvo, ndapota pfekai mask izere nemunyu kuti uwane zvese zvawanikwa zvekutsvagisa.
Zvakangodaro, zvese izvi zvinoyeuchidza vanhu kuti rairo yehutano hweveruzhinji ine nuances dzayo uye zvine hukama. Hazvina kukwana kuvhara chiso. Kuvhara kumeso nedikita, chokoreti, muto wepizza, kana kunyara hazvina kukwana. Kungoshandisa chero mask hazvishande. Semuenzaniso, usapfeke masiki eLone Ranger kana masiki ayo asinganyatso kuvharira kuyerera kwezvinhu kubva mumhino nemuromo zvinoonekwa kuCostco. Kunyange uchiita sewakavhara mhino yako nemuromo, unogona kusadzivirira vamwe zvakakwana. Naizvozvo, chenjera paunenge uchitenga masiki. Sarudza iyo chaiyo mask. Mushure mezvose, hautauri kuti, "Ndipe pizza, chero rudzi rwepizza," unodaro?
Ini ndiri munyori, mutori wenhau, purofesa, system modeler, computing uye digital health health, avocado ater, uye muzvinabhizimisi, asi kwete nguva dzose mune izvi. Parizvino, ndiri
Ini ndiri munyori, mutori wenhau, purofesa, system modeler, computing uye digital health health, avocado ater, uye muzvinabhizimisi, asi kwete nguva dzose mune izvi. Parizvino, ndiri purofesa wezvehutano mutemo uye manejimendi paChikoro chePublic Health cheGuta University yeNew York (CUNY), director director wePHICOR (@PHICORteam), purofesa paJohns Hopkins Carey Chikoro cheBhizinesi, uye. muvambi uye CEO weSymsilico. Zvinzvimbo zvangu zvekare zvinosanganisira kushanda seMutungamiriri Mukuru weGlobal Obesity Prevention Center (GOPC) paJohns Hopkins University, Associate Purofesa weInternational Health paJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Associate Purofesa weMishonga uye Biomedical Informatics paYunivhesiti yePittsburgh, Quintiles Transnational Senior maneja weMontgomery Securities, akaita tsvakiridzo yebiotechnology equity, uye akatangazve kambani yebiotechnology/bioinformatics. Basa rangu rinosanganisira kugadzira nzira dzekuverenga, mamodheru, uye maturusi ekubatsira hutano uye hutano vanoita sarudzo mumakondinendi ese (kunze kweAntarctica), uye ndakagamuchira vatsigiri vakasiyana seBill naMelinda Gates Foundation, NIH, AHRQ, etc. Tsigiro, CDC. , UNICEF, USAID uye Global Fund. Ndakanyora zvinopfuura 200 zvinyorwa zvesayenzi uye mabhuku matatu. Nditevere paTwitter (@bruce_y_lee), asi usandibvunza kana ndichiziva martial arts.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-22-2021
