Iyo controller inodzidzisa iwe kubata nyore nekudonha kweiyokudzora vharafumuchikamu chekunatsa mafuta
Abstract: Kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu yekudzora ibasa rine hunyanzvi, kwete chete kuve neruzivo rwakasimba rwehunyanzvi hwedzidziso, asiwo kuve nehupfumi hunoshanda ruzivo.
Kusarudzwa kwakanaka hakusi kungobatsira chete kugadzirisa maPID parameters ekugadzirisa loop setting, kuitira kuti zvigadziriswe zvakagadziriswa zviwane zviri nani kutonga, asiwo kuita kuti hupenyu hwebasa revhavha huwedzere.
Iri bepa rinosuma muchidimbu kuumbwa uye nzira yekusarudza yekudzora vharafu. Mazwi akakosha: kudzora kuumbwa kwevharuvhu kusarudzwa Kudzora chiridzwa unodzidzisa zviri nyore kubata nemafuta ekunatsa unit inodzora kubuda kwevharuvhu.
Nhanganyaya: Kudzora vharafu chikamu chakakosha chepetrochemical yekunatsa mudziyo, kushandiswa kwekudzora mavharuvhu akasiyana, nhamba huru, makemikari ekugadzira svikiro inoparadza, ine muchetura kana inopfuta uye inoputika, kana ichidzora kubuda kwevharuvhu, kwete chete inokonzeresa kuparara kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira. , simba uye zvigadzirwa, asiwo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba kune zvakatipoteredza, uye kunyange kukonzera njodzi dzakakomba dzekuchengetedza. Naizvozvo, takataura nezvekudonha kwevhavha inogadzirisa mune petrochemical kugadzirwa maitiro.
1. Chikonzero chekuongorora kwekudonha kwevhavha inogadzirisa
Kazhinji, kune nzira mbiri dzekugadzirisa kubuda kwevhavha, kureva kubuda kwekunze uye kubuda kwemukati. Muzvinyorwa zvinotevera, munyori anoita ongororo yakadzama yezvikonzero zvekudonha kwekunze uye kubuda kwemukati kwevhavha inoronga.
Chikonzero kuongororwa kwe01 control valve kunze kwekudonha
Chikonzero chekudonha kwemuviri wevhavha: muviri wevharuvhu unowanzo kukandwa, nyore kugadzira makomba ejecha uye kumwe kukanganisa kwekukanda, maburi ejecha pamutumbi wevharuvhu anotungamira mukudonha kwepakati, kuvuza kunowanzo kuratidzwa sekudonha, kuyerera kuri diki, kuburikidza neiyo hydraulic test inogona kuwanikwa.
Zvikonzero zvekudonha kwevharuvhu: Dhizaini isina kunaka uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvehunde yevharuvhu kuchaita kuti dzinde revharuvhu rimire pane imwe nzvimbo, kuitira kuti vharafu isavharwe kana kuvharika zvakasununguka, zvichikonzera kudonha kwepakati.
Chikonzero chekudonha kwekubatana kwemuviri wevharuvhu: tinowanzo kutaura kuti kuvharwa kwechikamu chekubatanidza chevharuvhu kunoreva kubatanidzwa uye kuvharika pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu nevhavhavhavha. Kazhinji, iyo yekuisa chisimbiso pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu uye chivharo chevhavha ndeye flange yekubatanidza chisimbiso; Nekudaro, kana iyo yezita dhayamita yevharuvhu inotonga iri diki, zvinodikanwa kutora iyo threaded yekubatanidza yekuisa chisimbiso nzira. Mune idzi nzira mbiri dzekuisa chisimbiso, kana rudzi rwegasket risinganzwisisike, kunaka kwechigadzirwa hakusi kusvika pachiyero, saizi yechinhu hachienderane nezvinodiwa zvekuisa chisimbiso, uye kunaka kwekugadzirisa kweiyo flange yekuisa chisimbiso kwakashata. , kusimba kwetambo yekubatanidza uye kusimba kwebhoti hakuna kukwana, uye zvimwe zvikonzero zvinogona kukonzera mafuta uye gasi kubuda kwechiitiko muchikamu chekubatanidza chemuviri wevhavha.
02 Chikonzero chekuongorora kwemukati kuvuza kwekutonga gonhi revhavha
Chikonzero chekudonha kwemukati kwevhavha inogadzirisa ndeyekuti valve inogadzirisa haina kuvharwa zvakasimba, iyo inowanzoitika munzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso chechigaro. Izvo zvikonzero zvakananga zvekudonha kwemukati kwevhavha inotonga ndezvizvi zvinotevera: Kune mamwe matambudziko mukugadzirwa kweiyo inogadzirisa dhizaini chimiro uye kugadzirwa kwevhavha uye tekinoroji yekuvaka, senge saizi yechikamu muchimiro chevhavha kana paine. chimwe chikanganiso, uye chikanganiso chinopfuura chiyero chinobvumirwa chekugadzirwa kwekugadzira, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuvharwa kwevhavha yekutonga haina kusimba, zvichiita kuti kuyerera kuduku kwepakati mumudziyo kuenderera mberi kwekuputika kwechiitiko.
Mukuwedzera kune zvikanganiso uye matambudziko mukugadzira uye kugadzirwa kwevhavha, zvikonzero zvekubuda kwemukati kwegonhi revhavha rinotungamirira zvinosanganisirawo kugadziriswa kwechisimbiso chepamusoro pechigaro chevhavha, chisimbiso chevhavha haina kusimba, izvo zvinotungamirira dambudziko repakati pekudonha kwechikamu chekunatsa. Dambudziko repakati rekudonha rinokonzerwa nekugadziriswa kwechisimbiso chechigaro chevhavha rinonyanya kuratidzwa sekudonha. Uye zvakare, kana iyo yekuchenesa oiri unit yakatakurwa nehuwandu hudiki hwehutsvina hwakasimba mukati, inogona zvakare kuita kuti vharafu inogadzirisa ivhare zvakasununguka, zvichikonzera kubuda kwevhavha inogadzirisa, uye dambudziko rekudonha rinokonzerwa nekusachena kwakasimba. iri mukati mepakati, chimiro chekuvuza zvakare, asi kubuda kwekuyerera kungave kudiki, kungave kuyerera kukuru.
Vaviri, kudzivirira regulation vharafu leakage countermeasures
Gadzirisa kusarudzwa kwekugadzira valve
Iyo yekudzora uye yekudzivirira nheyo yekudzora kubuda kwevharuvhu inonyanya kutora akateedzana matanho anobudirira ekudzikisa dhigirii rekudonha rekudzora vharafu kusvika pazvinogoneka uye kuderedza kusvika kune yakaderera, kuwedzera hupenyu hwakanaka hwebasa rechinangwa. Kuderedzwa uye kuderedzwa kwekudonha kwepakati kwevhavha inogadzirisa, kuwedzera kwehupenyu hwebasa repakati muchikamu chekunatsa, kuvandudzwa kwehuwandu hwekushandiswa kwepakati, kusvika pamwero mukuru zvinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwakanaka uye kusarudzwa kwe inodzora vharafu, mhando yemhando yechigadzirwa chevharuvhu, iyo yepamusoro-soro yekumisikidza vharafu uye tekinoroji yekuvaka uye kusarudzwa kwakaringana kwefomu revhavha chisimbiso. Muchidimbu, kana tichida kugadzirisa uye kudzora dambudziko rekudonha kwevhavha inogadzirisa, tinofanira kutanga tafunga nezvekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa uye kusarudzwa kwevhavha inogadzirisa.
Iyo optimization yekudzora dhizaini dhizaini uye kusarudzwa kunosanganisira kusarudzwa kweiyo dhizaini fomu, dhizaini uye kugadzirwa kwevharuvhu yekudzora pachayo, uye kusarudzwa kwekugadzirisa mavharuvhu zvinhu. Paunosarudza chimiro chekugadzirisa valve, inofanira kugadziriswa kubva kuAngle yezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa mamiriro uye maitiro ekugadzirisa. Kushandiswa kwevharuvhu yekudzora, tembiricha yepakati, kudzvanywa, kuyerera, kudonha kwekumanikidza uye ngura yepakati, zvese zvinokanganisa kusarudzwa kwevhavha inogadzirisa, asiwo zvinoenderana nekushisa uye kukora kwepakati, sarudza zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira zvinogadzirisa. vharafu. Maererano nekuvaka uye chiitiko chaicho chekushanda, kunze kwekusangana nezvinodiwa maitiro ekugadzirisa uye maitiro ekugadzirisa, kusarudzwa kwekugadzirisa mavharuvhu kunofanirawo kunyatsotariswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana, kuitira kuti ienderane nemamiriro ekushanda sezvinobvira, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa kusvika pamwero mukuru.
02 Kurongedza bhokisi leakage countermeasures
Iyo yechinyakare yakapfava yekurongedza chisimbiso inowanikwa neiyo radial yekubata kushushikana inogadzirwa pakati pehunde uye kurongedza uye pakati pekurongedza uye padivi madziro ebhokisi rekurongedza neaxial pressure yepacking gland. Naizvozvo, iyo axial simba regland inofanira kunge yakakura kwazvo, izvo zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kwekukwesha torque pakati pekurongedza uye tsinde yevharuvhu, kuwedzera kwekupfeka, uye nekukasira kupfeka kwekunyorovesa chisimbiso kurongedza. Naizvozvo, iyo gland bolt inofanirwa kusimbiswa kazhinji kana kurongedza kunofanirwa kutsiviwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuisa chisimbiso chirinani.
Iyo yakakodzera kurongedza chisimbiso uye kurongedza chisimbiso musanganiswa unogona kuvandudza kuvimbika kwevhavha yekudzora uye kurebesa hupenyu hwayo hwebasa. Semuenzaniso, musanganiswa we flexible graphite ring packing iri nani pane iyo chete inoshanduka graphite ring packing. Parizvino, kushandiswa kweimwe flexible graphite mhete yekuzadza kwakawanda muChina. Munyika dzekunze, kushandiswa kweinochinjika graphite ring packing musanganiswa kwave kwakakurumbira uye kwakawana mhedzisiro yakanaka.
03 Bvisa kubuda kwevhavha yemuviri yekubatanidza
Chikamu chekubatanidza chevhavha yakavharwa, maererano nechimiro chayo chekuisa chisimbiso chiri static chisimbiso, iyo inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinotevera: inogona kuenderana nekukurumidza kuchinja kwekushisa uye kudzvinyirira; Multiple disassembly pasina kukuvadza chinhu chekuisa chisimbiso; Chimiro chakareruka, compact, zvishoma kushandiswa kwesimbi; Isinganzwisisi kudengenyeka uye kukanganisa mitoro; Inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana anoshanda.
Chikamu chekubatanidza chemuviri wevharuvhu chinowanzovharwa nebirch groove kana concave uye convex flat gasket. Mumakore achangopfuura, mhete ye "O" yekuisa chisimbiso yakashandiswa zvakare. Zen groove type flat gasket seal, ndiyo flat gasket yakaiswa mune yakavharwa groove, iyi dhizaini pane yekuisa chisimbiso, inogona kuburitsa yakakwira yekuisa chisimbiso, kazhinji iri kure nekupfuura muganhu wegoho weiyo gasket zvinhu, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuisa chisimbiso. Inokodzera zvepakati uye nepamusoro-soro kudzora mavharuvhu ane pressure yakakura kupfuura kana yakaenzana ne4.0MPa. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvechisimbiso ichi chekuisa chisimbiso ndechokuti kana uchibvisa vheji inogadzirisa, gasket yakaoma kutora kubva kune chisimbiso groove. Kana ikabviswa zvakasimba, iyo gasket inowanzokuvadzwa.
Concave uye convex type flat gasket sealing, ndiro gasket rakagadzikwa rakaiswa paconcave uye convex flange yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro, kana ichienzaniswa neye camphor groove mhando flat gasket sealing chimiro, ine zvinotevera zvakanakira: kana disassembled vharafu yekugadziridza, iyo gasket iri nyore kutora. out; Nekuti yekuisa chisimbiso groove inhanho chimiro, saka mashandiro ekugadzirisa ari nani.
Zvinoenderana neiyo maitiro paramita uye zvinwiwa zvivakwa, aluminium, mhangura, 1Cr18Ni9Ti uye rabha asbestos board inogona kusarudzwa sechinhu cheflat gasket. Fluorine plastiki zvakare inowanzoshandiswa gasket sealing material, asi nekuda kwekuyerera kwayo kutonhora, kana chisimbiso chisimbiso chisina kugadzirwa zvakanaka, zvinotungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa.
"O" mhete yekuisa chisimbiso, chimiro chayo chakareruka, kugadzira kwakaringana, chero bedzi chisimbiso chimiro dhizaini chine musoro, mushure memusangano unogona kuburitsa yakakwana radial extrusion deformation, inogona kuwanikwa pasina axial kurodha, saka, iyo flange yekubatanidza chisimbiso, inogona kuderedza saizi. yechimiro cheflange, nokudaro kuderedza huremu hwemutemo wevhavha.
04 Valve stem leakage countermeasures
Dzinde revhavha chinhu chakakosha chevhavha, inonyanya kushandiswa pakufambisa, kuzadzisa chinja chevhavha uye mutemo. Nekuti iyo vharafu inomira muvharuvhu yekuvhura uye yekuvhara maitiro kuita senge basa rekufamba zvikamu, kumanikidza zvikamu uye zvisimbiso, saka inofanirwa kuve ine rimwe simba uye kusimba kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekuvhura nekuvhara vharafu, uye kubatsira vharafu ita basa rayo rekutonga. Kazhinji kutaura, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zve stem kuchashandisa imwe corrosion resistant medium, kurongedza uye zvimwe zvinhu, uye maitiro ekuita ari nani. Uye kuitira kuti uwedzere kunatsiridza kupesana kwekupokana uye kushorwa kwehunde yevharuvhu, vashandi vanosimbisawo pamusoro pehunde yevharuvhu kudzivirira kukanganiswa uye kuparara kwehunde yevharuvhu nepakati, kuitira kuti kubuda kwevhavha hunde. inogona kudzorwa zvinobudirira.
mhedziso
Kuti ugadzirise zvachose dambudziko rekudonha revhavha inogadzirisa muyuniti yekunatsa, yekutanga nhanho ndeyekugadzirisa kusarudzwa kweiyo inogadzirisa dhizaini dhizaini, uyezve kudzora kudonha kwechiitiko chechikamu chimwe nechimwe chevhavha inogadzirisa. Nenzira iyi chete tinogona kunyatsogadzirisa uye kudzora dambudziko rekudonha revhavha inogadzirisa, kudzivirira kubuda kwepakati, uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuvandudza chiyero chekushandiswa kwepakati.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-02-2022
