Isku xigxiga kormeerka Valve iyo taxadarka ka hor iyo ka dib rakibidda walxaha valve ee lagu dabaqi karo sharaxaad dhexdhexaad ah

Tijaabada kormeerka Valve iyo taxaddar ka hor iyo ka dib rakibidda walxaha waalka lagu dabaqi karo sharaxaad dhexdhexaad ah Cadaadiska tijaabada qolofka ee waalka waa 1.5 jeer cadaadiska shaqada ee weyn ee la ogol yahay marka waalka uu joogo 20℃, iyo tijaabada shaabadeynta waa 1.1 jeer shaqada la oggol yahay ee weyn. cadaadiska marka waalka uu yahay 20 ℃. Muddada imtixaanku waa inaanu ka yarayn 5min. Heerkulka tijaabada waa 5 ~ 40 ℃. (4) Xaqiijinta waalka badbaadada waa inay ahaato mid waafaqsan xeerarka heerarka qaranka ee hadda jira iyo dukumentiyada naqshadeynta ee dejinta hagaajinta cadaadiska iyo tijaabada shaabadda. Waalka badbaadada waa in si fiican loo duubaa, la shaabadeeyaa, la soo saaraa warbixin hubin. (1) Waalka waa in la fiiriyaa tayada muuqaalka ka hor inta aan la rakibin, baalku waa in uu ahaado mid qumman, habka furitaanka waa in uu noqdaa mid dabacsan, jirridda waalka waa in aan la qalloocin, qalloocin, la jajabin, calaamaduna waa in ay noqotaa mid dhamaystiran. (2) Tijaabada cadaadiska qolofka Valve iyo baaritaanka shaabadeynta waa in la sameeyaa, tijaabada cadaadiska qolofka valve iyo baaritaanka shaabadeynta waa in ay ahaadaan biyo nadiif ah sida dhexdhexaadiyaha, tijaabada waalka birta ah, waxa ku jira ion chloride ee biyaha waa in uusan dhaafin 25ppm. (3) cadaadiska tijaabada qolofka ee waalka waa 1.5 jeer cadaadiska shaqada ee la ogol yahay ee weyn marka waalka uu joogo 20℃, iyo tijaabada shaabadeynta waa 1.1 jeer cadaadiska shaqada ee la ogol yahay weyn marka waalka uu joogo 20℃. Muddada imtixaanku waa inaanu ka yarayn 5min. Heerkulka tijaabada waa 5 ~ 40 ℃. (4) Xaqiijinta waalka badbaadada waa inay ahaato mid waafaqsan xeerarka heerarka qaranka ee hadda jira iyo dukumentiyada naqshadeynta ee dejinta hagaajinta cadaadiska iyo tijaabada shaabadda. Waalka badbaadada waa in si fiican loo duubaa, la shaabadeeyaa, la soo saaraa warbixin hubin. Qalabka Valve ee lagu dabaqi karo sharraxaadda dhexdhexaadka ah ee sheyga lagu dabaqi karo sharraxaadda dhexdhexaadka ah: 1, waalka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waxqabadka walxaha (1) Birta (1) Birta cawl: sida HT200, HT250, iwm, ku habboon PN≤16, heerkulka shaqeynta inta u dhaxaysa -10 ℃ ~ 100 ℃ saliid, dhexdhexaad ah dareeraha guud (biyaha, uumiga, batroolka, iwm.); PN≤10, heerkulka shaqeeya inta u dhaxaysa -10 ℃ ~ 200 ℃ uumi, dabeecadda guud ee gaaska, gaaska, ammonia iyo warbaahinta kale (ammonia, khamriga, aldehyde, ether, ketone, ester iyo kuwa kale oo ka yar daxaloobay). Kuma habboona aashitada hydrochloric, nitric acid iyo warbaahinta kale. Laakiin waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sulfuric acid oo xoog badan, sababtoo ah sulfuric acid oo la ururiyey ayaa soo saari kara filim la safeeyey oogada birta si looga hortago daxalka birta ee sulfuric acid. (2) birta kabka malleable: sida KTH350-10, KTH450-06, iwm, ku haboon PN≤25, heerkulka ka shaqeeya inta u dhaxaysa -10 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ u dhexeeya uumiga, guryaha guud ee gaaska iyo dareeraha, saliidda iyo warbaahinta kale. Iska caabbinta daxalka waxay la mid tahay birta kabka cawl. ③ Nodular kabka birta: sida QT400-15, QT450-10, iwm, ku haboon PN≤25 heerkulka shaqeeya inta u dhaxaysa -10 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ uumi, gaaska iyo saliidda iyo warbaahinta kale. Iska caabbinta daxalka waa mid xoogan, waxay ka shaqayn kartaa qayb gaar ah oo ah sulfuric acid, nitric acid, milix acid. Laakiin aan u adkaysan karin fluoric acid, alkali xoog leh, hydrochloric acid iyo ferric chloride xal daxalka kulul. Isticmaal si aad uga fogaato kulayl degdeg ah, qabow degdeg ah, haddii kale way jabi doontaa. (4) birta shubka nikkel: caabbinta alkali ka badan kabka cawl, valve birta kabka nodular; Birta shubka ah ee nickelku waa waalka ugu habboon ee lagu milo sulfuric acid, milo hydrochloric acid iyo soodhaha caustic. (2) birta kaarboon Carbon steel waxay leedahay WCA, WCB iyo WCC, oo ku habboon uumiga, gaaska aan daxalka lahayn, saliidda iyo alaabada la xidhiidha iyo warbaahinta kale ee leh heerkulka shaqada ee u dhexeeya -29 ~ 425 ℃. (3) birta aan kala go 'lahayn Taxanaha 304 ee birta aan la taaban karin ayaa guud ahaan lagu dabaqi karaa heerkulka shaqada ee u dhexeeya -196 ℃ ~ 650 ℃ uumiga, gaaska aan daxalka lahayn, saliidda iyo alaabta la xidhiidha iyo warbaahinta kale; Warbaahin xun oo leh heerkul u dhexeeya -30 ℃ iyo 200 ℃. Waxay leedahay iska caabin gaas heer sare ah, iska caabin ah nitric acid iyo warbaahinta kale ee oksaydhka, laakiin sidoo kale alkali, biyaha, milixda, acid organic iyo xeryahooda kale ee organic daxalka. Laakiin maaha mid u adkaysata sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid iyo kuwa kale ee aan oksaydhka ahayn ee aashitada, sidoo kale uma adkeyso qalajinta hydrogen chloride, chloride oxidizing iyo oxalic acid, lactic acid iyo asiidhyada kale ee organic. ② Iyada oo ku saleysan 304 oo leh 2% ~ 3% molybdenum 316 taxane ah oo birta ah, iska caabinteeda daxalka ayaa ka fiican 304 taxane ah oo birta ah, way ka fiican tahay birta birta ah ee chromium nikkel ee aan oksaydhka lahayn iyo acid organic kulul, iska caabin daxalka chloride Marka loo eego chromium nickel ahama, caabbinta daxalka ayaa fiican. 321, 347 taxane ah oo ahama birta ka kooban titanium ama niobium ayaa iska caabin xoogan u leh daxalka intergranular. ④ Waxaa ku jira chromium sare, nikkel sare 904L taxane ahama, caabbinta daxalka ay ka sarreyso birta caadiga ah, waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si ay ula tacaalaan sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acid isku dhafan, sulfite, organic acid, alkali, xal cusbo, hydrogen sulfide, iwm., iyo xataa waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in qaar ka mid ah xooga saaridda xaaladaha heerkulka sare. Laakin aan adkeysi u yeelanayn aashitada hydrochloric ee ku urursan ama kulul, fluorine qoyan, chlorine, bromine, iodine, aqua regia corrosion. (4) Daawaha Copper Daawaha Copper inta badan ku haboon PN≤25, heerkulka hawlgalka u dhexeeya -40 ℃ ~ 180 ℃ oxygen, tuubooyinka biyaha badda, waxa uu leeyahay iska caabin daxalka wanaagsan biyaha, biyaha badda, kala duwan ee xal milix, arrinta organic. Waxay leedahay iska caabbinta daxalka wanaagsan ee sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid iyo milo hydrochloric acid iyada oo aan lahayn ogsijiin ama oksidant, waxayna leedahay iska caabin wanaagsan alkali. Laakin ma aha mid u adkaysata daxalka nitric acid, sulfuric acid oo xoogaysan iyo asiidhyada kale ee oksaydhka ah, mana u adkaysato daxalka birta dhalaalaysa, baaruud iyo sulfide. Iska ilaali taabashada ammonia, taas oo sababi karta jabka daxalka ee naxaasta iyo daawaha naxaasta. Fiiro gaar ah waa in la bixiyaa xulashada daawaha naxaasta ah, iska caabbinta daxalka waxay leedahay farqi gaar ah. (5) Daawaha aluminium aluminium aluminium wuxuu leeyahay iska caabin daxalka wanaagsan si ay oxidizing xoog leh nitric acid waxayna u adkeysan kartaa asiidhyada organic iyo dareerayaasha. Laakiin hoos u dhigista dhexdhexaadka ah, aashitada xooggan, iska caabbinta daxalka saldhigga xooggan. Inta badan aluminium saafi ah, way ka fiican tahay inay ka soo horjeedaa daxalka, laakiin xooggeedu hoos ayuu u dhacayaa waxaana loo isticmaali karaa oo keliya tuubooyinka cadaadiska aadka u hooseeya ama dahaarka waalka. (6) Titanium alloy Titanium alloy inta badan waxay ku haboon tahay PN≤25, heerkulka shaqaynta inta u dhaxaysa -30 ℃ ~ 316 ℃ biyaha badda, chloride, oxidizing acid, organic acid, alkali iyo warbaahinta kale. Titanium waa bir firfircoon waxayna samayn kartaa filim oksaydh ah oo leh iska caabin daxalka wanaagsan heerkulka qolka. Waxay awood u leedahay biyaha badda, chloride kala duwan iyo hypochlorite, chlorine, oxidizing acid, organic acid, alkali iyo daxalka kale. Laakin ma aha mid u adkaysata asiidh saafi ah oo yaraysa, sida sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid corrosion, laakiin iska caabinta daxalka aashitada. Waalka Titanium wuxuu leeyahay iska caabin wanaagsan oo nabaadguurka daloolka. Laakiin qiiqa cas ee nitric acid, chloride, methanol iyo warbaahinta kale waxay soo saari doontaa daxalka cadaadiska. (7) Zirconium alloy Zirconium sidoo kale waxaa iska leh birta firfircoon, waxay dhalin kartaa filim oksaydh u dhow, waxay leedahay iska caabin wanaagsan oo daxalka u leh nitric acid, chromic acid, alkali, alkali dhalaalaysa, dareeraha milixda, HOL, biyaha badda, laakiin ma aha hydrofluoric acid, xoog leh. sulfuric acid, aqua regia corrosion, sidoo kale aan u adkaysan karin koloriin qoyan iyo oxidizing biraha chloride daxalka. (8) Ceramics Waalka dhoobada waxaa mudnaanta la siiyaa isku-dhafka silikoon dioxide sintering, sida zirconia, alumina, silicon nitride, iwm. kartida, marka lagu daro ma jiro oksijiin fluorine acid, fluosilicic acid iyo alkali adkaysta, waxay kuleylin karaan nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, aqua regia, xalalka milixda iyo dareerayaasha organic sida dhexdhexaad ah, guud ahaan waxay khuseeyaan PN ee xariiqda 6 ama ka yar. Nooca noocaan ah sida isticmaalka alaabta kale, markaad dooranayso, waa inay tixgelisaa caabbinta daxalka ee alaabta kale. (9) Caag la xoojiyay fiber galaas Caabbinta daxalka ee FRP way ku kala duwan tahay xabagta. Epoxy resin FRP waxaa loo isticmaali karaa hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid milix iyo qaar ka mid ah asiidhyada organic; Caabbinta daxalka ee balaastikada la xoojiyay ee fiber phenolic ayaa ka fiican. Furan FRP waxay leedahay iska caabin alkali oo wanaagsan, caabbinta aashitada iyo iska caabbinta daxalka oo dhamaystiran, kaas oo guud ahaan ku habboon dhuumaha PN≤16. (10) Caagagga Tuubooyinka caagga ah waxaa lagu gartaa caabbinta daxalka xooggan, xitaa biraha malaha faa'iidooyinka ma yeelan karaan. Guud ahaan lagu dabaqi karo dhuumaha PN≤6, oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo caag ah, faraqa u adkaysiga daxalka waa weyn yahay. (1) Naylon, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan polyamide, waa heerkulbeeg heerkulbeeg ah, waxay leedahay iska caabin daxalka oo wanaagsan. Waxay u adkeysan kartaa daxalka aashitada, cusbada iyo alkali, waxayna leedahay caabbinta daxalka wanaagsan ee hydrocarbon, ketone, ether, ester iyo saliid. Laakiin aan u adkaysan karin aashitada xoogga leh, aashitada oksaydhka, phenol iyo daxalka aashitada formic. (2) POLYvinyl chloride: polyvinyl chloride waa balaastiig heerkulbeeg ah, waxay leedahay iska caabin daxaleed aad u wanaagsan. Acid, alkali, cusbo, walxaha organic. Aan u adkaysan karin nitric acid, qiiqa sulfuric acid, acetic anhydride, ketone, halogenated, caraf udgoon iyo daxalka kale. (3) POLYETHYLENE: polyetylen waxa uu leeyahay iska caabin daxalka wanaagsan, waxa uu leeyahay iska caabin daxalka wanaagsan si hydrochloric acid, milmi sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid iyo asiidh kale oo aan oksaydhism iyo sidoo kale milo nitric acid, alkali, xal cusbo iyo dareere organic heerkulka qolka. Laakiin aan u adkaysan karin nitric acid, sulfuric acid iyo daxalka oksaydhiyeyaasha kale ee xooggan. (4) polypropylene: polypropylene waa thermoplastic, caabbinta daxalka waxay la mid tahay polyetylen, wax yar ka fiican polyetylen. Waxay u adkeysan kartaa inta badan aashitada organic, aashitada inorganic, alkali, milixda, laakiin si ay u xoojiso nitric acid, qiiqa sulfuric acid, chlorsulfonic acid iyo kuwa kale oo xooggan oo oksaydhing acid caabbinta daxalka waa liidata. ⑤ Balaastigga phenolic: caagadaha phenolic waxay u adkeysan karaan daxalka hydrochloric acid, milmaha sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid iyo asiidh kale oo aan oksaydheyn, xal milix ah. Laakin aan adkeysi u lahayn nitric acid, chromic acid iyo ashitada oksaydhiyaha ee xooggan, alkali iyo qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha organic daxalka. ⑥ Polyeter-ka Chlorinated, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan polychlorinated ether, waa toosan, crystallinity sare ee heerkulbeegyada. Waxay leedahay iska caabin daxalka oo heer sare ah, * ka hooseeya balaastikada fluorine. Waxay awood u leedahay sulfuric acid xoog leh, nitric acid ka baxsan dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee acid, alkali, milix iyo inta badan dareerayaasha organic daxalka, laakiin aan u adkaysan karin chlorine dareere, fluorine, daxalka bromine. ⑦ Polytrifluorovinyl chloride: iyada iyo balaastikada kale ee fluorine, waxay leedahay iska caabin daxalka aad u fiican iyo guryaha kale, iska caabinta daxalka wax yar ka hooseeya ptfe. Waxay leedahay iska caabin wanaagsan oo daxalka ah oo aysiidh organic, acid inorganic, alkali, cusbo iyo noocyo kala duwan oo dareere organic. Walxaha qaarkood oo ka kooban halogens iyo ogsijiin kuwaas oo keena inay bararaan heerkul sare. Ma aha mid u adkaysata fluorine heerkulka sare, fluoride, alkali dhalaalaysa, nitric acid urursan, caraf udgoon, fuming nitric acid, dhalaalay biraha alkali, iwm , chlorine trifluoride, oksijiin trifluoride heerkulka sare, heerka socodka sare ee fluorine dareere ah, ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan daxalka ee warbaahinta kiimikada, khasaaraha waa in uu leeyahay socodka qabow. (11) Dahaarka Sababtoo ah xoogga hoose ee balaastikada, valves badan ayaa isticmaala walxo bir ah si ay u sameeyaan qolof, caag, caag ah. Fiilooyinka safafka ah ayaa guud ahaan ku habboon dhuumaha PN≤16, oo leh qalabyo kala duwan oo dahaarka ah, caabbinta heerkulka, caabbinta daxalka maaha mid isku mid ah. Dahaarka caagga ah: Caabbinta daxalka ee dahaarka caagga ah waxay la mid tahay tan walxaha u dhigma ee ku jira balaastigga sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la dooranayo, caabbinta daxalka ee alaabta kale ee loo isticmaalo balaastikada safafka ah waa in la tixgeliyaa. Dahaarka caagga ah: caaggu waa jilicsan yahay, sidaas awgeed baallooyinka badan ayaa isticmaala dahaarka caagga ah si ay u hagaajiyaan caabbinta daxalka iyo wax-qabadka xiridda waalka. Caabbinta daxalka ee caaggu aad ayuu ugu kala duwan yahay noocyada kala duwan ee caag. Ka dib markii vulcanization ee caag dabiiciga ah u adkeysan karaan non-oxidizing acid, alkali, daxalka milixda, laakiin ma adkaysan u oxidants xoog leh, sida nitric acid, chromic acid, daxalka sulfuric acid xoog leh, sidoo kale ma adkaysi u alaabta batroolka iyo qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha organic daxalka: Sidaa darteed. , caag dabiici ah ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loogu beddelay caag synthetic ah. NBR ee caagga synthetic waxay leedahay iska caabin saliid oo wanaagsan, laakiin ma aha mid u adkaysata oksijiinta acid, hydrocarbon aromatic, ester, ketone, ether iyo daxalka kale ee dareeraha xooggan; Caag Fluorine ah waxay leedahay iska caabin aad u wanaagsan, waxay u adkeysan kartaa dhammaan noocyada acid, alkali, cusbada, batroolka, hydrocarbons, iwm. Caag polyeter ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa biyaha, saliidda, ammonia, alkali iyo warbaahinta kale. Dahaarka rasaasta: rasaastu waa bir firfircoon, laakiin maadada jilicsan awgeed, waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sida dahaarka furayaasha gaarka ah. Filimka daxalka ah ee sunta rasaasta ayaa ah lakab difaac adag. Waa shay caan ah oo u adkaysata sulfuric acid. Waxay leedahay caabbinta daxalka sare ee phosphoric acid, chromic acid, carbonic acid iyo xal dhexdhexaad ah, biyaha badda iyo warbaahinta kale, laakiin ma aha mid u adkaysata alkali iyo hydrochloric acid daxalka, oo aan ku haboonayn in ay ka shaqeeyaan alaabtooda daxalka.