5 Amanqaku abalulekileyo ekufuneka uwagcine engqondweni malunga nofakelo lwevalvu.

5 Amanqaku abalulekileyo ekufuneka uwagcine engqondweni malunga nofakelo lwevalvu. I-1 Ulwalathiso kunye nesikhundla Iivalve ezininzi zikhokelela Umzekelo, i-valve yeglobhu, i-valve ye-throttle, i-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, i-valve yokukhangela, njl., ukuba ifakwe ngasemva, iya kuchaphazela umphumo wokusetyenziswa kunye nobomi (njenge-valve ye-throttle), okanye ayifuni. sebenza konke (okufana nevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo), kwaye kubangele ingozi (njengevalve yokukhangela). Iivalvu ngokubanzi ezineempawu ezibonisa indlela emzimbeni. Ukuba akunjalo, kufuneka ichongwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokomgaqo wokusebenza kwevalvu. Igumbi levalve elijikeleze ivalve yeglowubhu liyi-asymmetrical, ulwelo lokuyivumela ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ngezibuko levalve, ngoko ke ukuxhathisa ulwelo kuncinci (kumiselwa yimilo), ukusindisa umsebenzi ovulekileyo (ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphakathi phezulu) , ivaliwe emva kokupakishwa koxinzelelo oluphakathi, kulula ukuyilungisa, yingakho i-valve yeglobhu ayikwazi ukufaka inyaniso. Ezinye iivalve zineempawu zazo. Isikhundla sokufakela i-valve kufuneka kube lula ukusebenza Nangona ukufakela kunzima okwethutyana, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela umsebenzi wexesha elide lomsebenzisi. I-valve engcono yesandla se-valve kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwesifuba (ngokubanzi i-1.2 yeemitha ukusuka kumgangatho wokusebenza), ukwenzela ukuba ukuvulwa kunye nokuvala i-valve ngumzamo omncinci. Ivili lesandla sevalve yomgangatho kufuneka lijonge phezulu kwaye lingathambeki ukunqanda ukusebenza kakubi. Ivalve yomatshini wodonga ixhomekeke kwisixhobo, kwaye umqhubi kufuneka naye ashiywe kwindawo yokuma. Ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kwesibhakabhaka, ngakumbi i-asidi kunye ne-alkali, imidiya enetyhefu, ngaphandle koko ayikhuselekile. Isango akufanele liguqulwe (oko kukuthi, i-handwheel iphantsi), ngaphandle koko i-medium iya kugcinwa kwindawo yokugubungela ixesha elide, i-corrode i-stem ngokulula, kunye ne-taboo yenkqubo ethile. Kunzima kakhulu ukutshintsha ukupakisha ngaxeshanye. Vula iivalvu zesango le-STEM, MUSA UKUFAKA ngaphantsi komhlaba, kungenjalo ngenxa yokuhlwa okumanzi kwesiqu esiveziweyo. Phakamisa ivalve yokukhangela, ufakelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba idiskhi yevalve ngokuthe nkqo, ukuze ukuphakamisa kube bhetyebhetye. Ivalve yokukhangela i-Swing, xa ifakwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba inqanaba le-pin, ukuze ujingi ube bhetyebhetye. Ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo iya kufakwa ngokuthe tye kumbhobho othe tye, kwaye ayiyi kuthambekela nakweliphi na icala. 2 Umsebenzi woKwakha Ufakelo kunye nokwakhiwa kufuneka uqaphele, musa ukubetha i-valve eyenziwe ngezinto ezinqabileyo. Phambi kofakelo Zonke iintlobo zevalvu kunye neenkcukacha ziya kujongwa ngononophelo ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zoyilo. (HLOLA ukuba ZINOKUSETYENZISWA KWIIMEKO EZIFUNEKAYO ngokwemodeli yevalve kunye nemiyalelo yefektri, kwaye wenze uvavanyo lwamanzi okanye uxinzelelo lomoya ukuba kukho imfuneko.) Ukongezelela, kufuneka kwakhona kuhlolwe ukuba ukupakisha kuhambelana, nokuba i-gland bolt inakho. isibonelelo sokulungelelaniswa okwaneleyo, kunye nokujonga ukuba i-stem kunye ne-disc zisandi, nokuba kukho ukunamathela kunye ne-skew phenomenon. Umphezulu wokutywina wediski yevalve kufuneka uvalwe ngokuqinileyo, kwaye umgangatho womsonto kufuneka ujongwe kwiivalvu ezinemisonto. Iivalvu ezingaqinisekiswanga AYI KUFAKWA kwaye ziya kupakishwa ngokwahlukeneyo okanye zimakishwe. *** Inkunkuma kwivalve. Inkqubo yofakelo Xa UPHAKAMISA Ivalve, INTAMBO AKUFUNEKA IBOTSHWE KWISANDLA OKANYE ISIQINISEKISO UKUTHINTA UMONAKALO KWEZI ZINXALENYE. KUFUNEKA KUBOTSHWE KWIFANGE. Umgca apho i-valve idityaniswe khona kufuneka icocwe. Umoya ocinezelweyo unokusetyenziselwa ukuvuthela iifayili ze-iron oxide, isanti, i-welding slag kunye nezinye ii-sundries. Le nkunkuma, akukho lula nje ukukrazula indawo yokutywina yevalve, amaqhekeza amakhulu enkunkuma (njenge-slag ye-welding), kodwa inokuthintela i-valve encinci, ukwenzela ukuba ukusilela kwayo. Xa UFAKA I-SKREW valve, UKUPAKA UKUTYA (I-WIRE NE-aluminium yeoli OKANYE i-PTFE RAW belt material) kufuneka ifakwe kwintambo yombhobho, ungangeni kwi-valve, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme umthamo wememori yevalve, uchaphazele ukuhamba okuphakathi. Xa ufaka i-valve ye-flange, nikela ingqalelo ekuqiniseni iibholithi ngokulinganayo kwaye ngokulinganayo. I-valve flange kunye ne-flange yombhobho kufuneka ihambelane, ukucocwa kunengqiqo, hleze i-valve ivelise uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kunye nokuqhekeka. Kwizinto ezinqabileyo kwaye kungekhona amandla aphezulu e-valve, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe. Ivalve ekufuneka idityaniswe ngombhobho iya kuba yindawo edityanisiweyo kuqala, emva koko indawo evaliweyo iya kuvuleka ngokupheleleyo, ize idityaniswe ifile. 3 Imilinganiselo yoKhuseleko Ezinye iivalvu kufuneka zibe nokhuseleko lwangaphandle, oko kukugcina ubushushu kunye nokugcinwa kwengqele. I-insulation layer ngamanye amaxesha ixutywa nemigca yomphunga oshushu. Luluphi uhlobo lwevalve olufanele lube lubushushu okanye lubandayo, ngokweemfuno zemveliso. Ngokomgaqo, apho i-valve medium ukunciphisa iqondo lobushushu kakhulu, kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle imveliso okanye ivalve emkhenkceni, kufuneka uhlale ushushu, nkqu ubushushu mix; Apho ivalve ingenanto, engalunganga kwimveliso okanye ibangele iqabaka kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi, kufuneka uhlale ubanda. Izinto zokugquma i-asbestos, uboya be-slag, uboya beglasi, i-perlite, i-diatomite, i-vermiculite, njl.; Izinto zokupholisa ziyi-cork, i-perlite, i-foam, iplastiki kunye nokunye. I-4 I-Bypass kunye nemitha Ezinye iivalve, ngaphezu kwezibonelelo eziyimfuneko zokukhusela, nazo zine-bypass kunye ne-instrumentation. Kufakwe i-bypass. Kulula ukulungisa umgibe. Ezinye iivalve, nazo zifakwe i-bypass. Ukufakwa kwe-bypass kuxhomekeke kwimeko yevalvu, ukubaluleka, kunye neemfuno zemveliso. I-5 Ukupakisha ukutshintshwa kwe-Stock valve, ukupakisha okunye akuzange kube kuhle, kwaye ezinye azihambelani nokusetyenziswa kweendaba, ezifuna ukubuyisela ukupakisha. Umzi-mveliso weValve awukwazi ukuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwamawaka eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeendaba, ibhokisi yokupakisha isoloko igcwele ingcambu eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa isetyenziswa, kufuneka ivumele ukupakisha phakathi ukulungelelanisa. Xa utshintsha ukupakisha, cinezela ngqukuva. Umthungo ngamnye wendandatho ukuya kuma-degrees angama-45 ufanelekile, ring kunye ne-ring uvule i-180 degrees. Ukuphakama kokupakisha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo i-leeway ukuze i-gland iqhubeke nokucinezela, kwaye ngoku kuyafuneka ukuba indawo esezantsi ye-gland icinezele igumbi lokupakisha kubunzulu obufanelekileyo, obunokuthi ngokubanzi bube yi-10-20% yobunzulu bubonke bobunzulu. igumbi lokupakisha. Kwiivalve ezifunayo, i-joint Angle yi-30 degrees. Umthungo ophakathi kweringi kunye neringi ugxadazele ngamadigri angama-120. Ukongeza ukupakisha, kodwa ngokwemeko ethile, ukusetyenziswa kwerabha O-ring (irabha yendalo ukumelana 60 degrees Celsius buthathaka alkali, butadiene irabha ukumelana ukuya 80 degrees Celsius ikristale oyile, Fluorine irabha ukumelana ezahlukeneyo ezonakalisayo. media ngezantsi 150 degrees celcius) ezintathu zipakishwe polytetrafluoron ring (ixhathise eendaba eyomeleleyo edlekayo ngaphantsi kwama-200 degrees Celsius) nenayiloni isitya umsesane (resistant ukuya 120 degrees Celsius ammonia, alkali) kunye nezinye ezenza filler. Umaleko we-TEflon we-tape yezinto eziluhlaza unokuphucula umphumo wokutywina kunye nokunciphisa ukubola kwe-electrochemical ye-valve stem. Xa ucinezela i-seasoning, jika i-stem ngaxeshanye ukugcina yonke indawo ngokulinganayo, kwaye uthintele ukufa kakhulu, qinisa i-gland ukuze unyanzelise ngokulinganayo, awukwazi ukuthambeka. Kubalulekile ukugcina la manqaku engqondweni malunga nofakelo lwevalvu! Umgangatho wofakelo lwe-valve luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusetyenziswa, ngoko kufuneka ingqalelo ngenyameko ihlawulwe kuyo. (a) indlela yofakelo lwevalvu kunye nendawo yokuma Iivalve ezininzi zinendlela eya ngakuyo, njengevalve yeglowubhu, ivalve yokuthontsiza, ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ivalve yokukhangela, njl njl., ukuba ifakwe umva, iya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwesiphumo kunye nobomi (njenge-throttle). ivelufa), okanye ungasebenzi kwaphela (njengevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo), kwaye ude ubangele ingozi (efana nevalve yokukhangela). Ivalve ngokubanzi, kukho uphawu lolwalathiso kumzimba wevalvu; Ukuba akunjalo, kufuneka ichongwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokomgaqo wokusebenza kwevalvu. Igumbi levalve elijikeleze ivalve yeglowubhu liyi-asymmetrical, ulwelo lokuyivumela ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ngezibuko levalve, ngoko ke ukuxhathisa ulwelo kuncinci (kumiselwa yimilo), ukusindisa umsebenzi ovulekileyo (ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphakathi phezulu) , ivaliwe emva kokupakishwa koxinzelelo oluphakathi, kulula ukuyilungisa, yingakho i-valve yeglobhu ayikwazi ukufaka inyaniso. Ezinye iivalve zineempawu zazo. I-Valve INSTALLATION POSITION, kufuneka kube lula ukusebenza: KWABA ukufakwa kunzima okwethutyana, kodwa kunye nomsebenzi wexesha elide lomsebenzi. I-valve handwheel kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwesifuba (ngokubanzi i-1.2 yeemitha ukusuka kumgangatho wokusebenza), ukwenzela ukuba ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalve kukuncinci. Ivili lesandla sevalve yomgangatho kufuneka lijonge phezulu kwaye lingathambeki ukunqanda ukusebenza kakubi. Ivalve yomatshini wodonga ixhomekeke kwisixhobo, kwaye umqhubi kufuneka naye ashiywe kwindawo yokuma. Ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kwesibhakabhaka, ngakumbi i-asidi kunye ne-alkali, imidiya enetyhefu, ngaphandle koko ayikhuselekile. Isango akufanele liguqulwe (oko kukuthi, i-handwheel iphantsi), ngaphandle koko i-medium iya kugcinwa kwindawo yokugubungela ixesha elide, i-corrode i-stem ngokulula, kunye ne-taboo yenkqubo ethile. Kunzima kakhulu ukutshintsha ukupakisha ngaxeshanye. Vula iivalvu zesango le-STEM, MUSA UKUFAKA ngaphantsi komhlaba, kungenjalo ngenxa yokuhlwa okumanzi kwesiqu esiveziweyo. Phakamisa ivalve yokukhangela, ufakelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba idiskhi yevalve ngokuthe nkqo, ukuze ukuphakamisa kube bhetyebhetye. Ivalve yokukhangela i-Swing, xa ifakwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba inqanaba le-pin, ukuze ujingi ube bhetyebhetye. Ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo iya kufakwa ngokuthe tye kumbhobho othe tye, kwaye ayiyi kuthambekela nakweliphi na icala. (2) Ufakelo lwevalve kunye nolwakhiwo Ufakelo kunye nolwakhiwo kufuneka lulumke, musa ukubetha ivalve eyenziwe ngezinto ezinqabileyo. Ngaphambi kokufaka, i-valve kufuneka ihlolwe ukujonga iinkcukacha kunye neemodeli ukuchonga nawuphi na umonakalo, ngakumbi kwisiqu. Kwakhona ujike amaxesha ambalwa ukuze ubone ukuba i-skewed, kuba kwinkqubo yokuthutha, kulula ukubetha i-stem skewed. Kwakhona *** inkunkuma kwivalve. XA UPHAKAMISA IMVAVANE, INTAMBO AKUFUNEKA IBOTSHWE KWISANDLA OKANYE ISIQINISEKISO UKUTHINTA UKONAKALA KWEZI NDAWO. KUFUNEKA KUBOTSHWE KWIFANGE. Umgca apho i-valve idityaniswe khona kufuneka icocwe. Umoya ocinezelweyo unokusetyenziselwa ukuvuthela iifayili ze-iron oxide, isanti, i-welding slag kunye nezinye ii-sundries. Le nkunkuma, akukho lula nje ukukrazula indawo yokutywina yevalve, amaqhekeza amakhulu enkunkuma (njenge-slag ye-welding), kodwa inokuthintela i-valve encinci, ukwenzela ukuba ukusilela kwayo. Xa UFAKA I-SKREW valve, UKUPAKA UKUTYA (I-WIRE NE-aluminium yeoli OKANYE i-PTFE RAW belt material) kufuneka ifakwe kwintambo yombhobho, ungangeni kwi-valve, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme umthamo wememori yevalve, uchaphazele ukuhamba okuphakathi. Xa ufaka i-valve ye-flange, nikela ingqalelo ekuqiniseni iibholithi ngokulinganayo kwaye ngokulinganayo. I-valve flange kunye ne-flange yombhobho kufuneka ihambelane, ukucocwa kunengqiqo, hleze i-valve ivelise uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kunye nokuqhekeka. Kwizinto ezinqabileyo kwaye kungekhona amandla aphezulu e-valve, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe. Ivalve ekufuneka idityaniswe ngombhobho iya kuba yindawo edityanisiweyo kuqala, emva koko indawo evaliweyo iya kuvuleka ngokupheleleyo, ize idityaniswe ifile. (3) imilinganiselo yokukhusela ivalvu Ezinye iivalvu kufuneka zibe nokhuseleko lwangaphandle, oko kukugcina ubushushu kunye nokugcinwa kwengqele. I-insulation layer ngamanye amaxesha ixutywa nemigca yomphunga oshushu. Luluphi uhlobo lwevalve olufanele lube lubushushu okanye lubandayo, ngokweemfuno zemveliso. Ngokomgaqo, apho i-valve medium ukunciphisa iqondo lobushushu kakhulu, kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle imveliso okanye ivalve emkhenkceni, kufuneka uhlale ushushu, nkqu ubushushu mix; Apho ivalve ingenanto, engalunganga kwimveliso okanye ibangele iqabaka kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi, kufuneka uhlale ubanda. Izinto zokugquma i-asbestos, uboya be-slag, uboya beglasi, i-perlite, i-diatomite, i-vermiculite, njl.; Izinto zokupholisa ziyi-cork, i-perlite, i-foam, iplastiki kunye nokunye. (4) I-Bypass kunye ne-instrumentation Ezinye iivalve, ngaphezu kwezibonelelo eziyimfuneko zokukhusela, nazo zine-bypass kunye nezixhobo. Kufakwe i-bypass. Kulula ukulungisa umgibe. Ezinye iivalve, nazo zifakwe i-bypass. Ukufakwa kwe-bypass kuxhomekeke kwimeko yevalvu, ukubaluleka, kunye neemfuno zemveliso. (5) Ukutshintshwa kokupakisha i-Stock valve, ukupakisha okuthile akuzange kube kuhle, kwaye ezinye azihambisani nokusetyenziswa kweendaba, ezifuna ukubuyisela ukupakisha. Umzi-mveliso weValve awukwazi ukuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwamawaka eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeendaba, ibhokisi yokupakisha isoloko igcwele ingcambu eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa isetyenziswa, kufuneka ivumele ukupakisha phakathi ukulungelelanisa. Xa utshintsha ukupakisha, cinezela ngqukuva. Umthungo ngamnye wendandatho ukuya kuma-degrees angama-45 ufanelekile, ring kunye ne-ring uvule i-180 degrees. Ukuphakama kokupakisha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo i-leeway ukuze i-gland iqhubeke nokucinezela, kwaye ngoku kuyafuneka ukuba indawo esezantsi ye-gland icinezele igumbi lokupakisha kubunzulu obufanelekileyo, obunokuthi ngokubanzi bube yi-10-20% yobunzulu bubonke bobunzulu. igumbi lokupakisha. Kwiivalve ezifunayo, i-joint Angle yi-30 degrees. Umthungo ophakathi kweringi kunye neringi ugxadazele ngamadigri angama-120. Ukongeza ukupakisha, kodwa ngokwemeko ethile, ukusetyenziswa kwerabha O-ring (irabha yendalo ukumelana 60 degrees Celsius buthathaka alkali, butadiene irabha ukumelana ukuya 80 degrees Celsius ikristale oyile, Fluorine irabha ukumelana ezahlukeneyo ezonakalisayo. media ngezantsi 150 degrees celcius) ezintathu zipakishwe polytetrafluoron ring (ixhathise eendaba eyomeleleyo edlekayo ngaphantsi kwama-200 degrees Celsius) nenayiloni isitya umsesane (resistant ukuya 120 degrees Celsius ammonia, alkali) kunye nezinye ezenza filler. Umaleko we-TEflon we-tape yezinto eziluhlaza unokuphucula umphumo wokutywina kunye nokunciphisa ukubola kwe-electrochemical ye-valve stem. Xa ucinezela i-seasoning, jika i-stem ngaxeshanye ukugcina yonke indawo ngokulinganayo, kwaye uthintele ukufa kakhulu, qinisa i-gland ukuze unyanzelise ngokulinganayo, awukwazi ukuthambeka.