Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwiivalvu ezahlukeneyo Iivalvu ezinkulu zedayamitha kutheni kunzima ukuzitshintsha? Indlela yokusombulula ngayo?
Ukuhlelwa ngokusetyenziswa kunye nomsebenzi
Ivalve yokunqunqa isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukucutha okanye ukudibanisa ukuhamba okuphakathi. Kubandakanya ivalve yesango, ivalve yeglowubhu, ivalve ye-diaphragm, ivalve yebhola, ivalve yeplagi, ivalve yediski, ivalve yeplunger, ivalve yeplagi yebhola, ivalve yesixhobo sohlobo lwenaliti, njl.
I-valve yokulawula isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba kwe-medium, i-pressure, njl. Kubandakanya i-valve yokulawula, i-valve ye-throttle, i-valve yokunciphisa njalo njalo.
Iivalvu zokukhangela zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukubuya kwemidiya. Iivalvu zokutshekisha zezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zibandakanyiwe.
Iivalve zokuphambanisa zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula, ukusasaza okanye ukuxuba imidiya. Kubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo se-valve yokusabalalisa kunye nomgibe, njl.
Ivalve yokhuseleko yoxinzelelo oluphakathi xa ukhuseleko lokhuseleko. Zonke iintlobo zeevalvu zokhuseleko zibandakanyiwe.
Ihlelwa ngokweeparamitha eziphambili
(a) ngokohlelo loxinzelelo
Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwevalve yevacuum ngaphantsi kwevalve yoxinzelelo lomoya.
Ivalve yoxinzelelo oluphantsi lweValve enexinzelelo lwe-PN engaphantsi kwe-1.6MPa.
Ivalve yoxinzelelo oluphakathi noxinzelelo lwegama PN2.5 ~ 6.4MPa ivelufa.
Ivalve yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegama loxinzelelo lwe-PN10.0 ~ 80.0MPa ivelufa.
Ivalve ephezulu yoxinzelelo oluphakamileyo lwegama loxinzelelo lwe-PN olukhulu kune-100MPa ivelufa.
(2) ngokohlelo lobushushu obuphakathi
Izivalo zevalve ephezulu yobushushu obungaphezulu kwe-450C.
Ivalve yobushushu obuphakathi 120C ngaphantsi kwe T 450C ivelufa.
Ivalve yobushushu obuqhelekileyo -40C
Ivalve yobushushu T ngaphantsi kwe -100C ivelufa.
(3) ngokohlelo lwesixhobo somzimba wevalve
Ivalve yezinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi: njengevalve yeceramic, ivalve yeFRP, ivalve yeplastiki.
Ivalve yezinto zentsimbi: njengevalve yealloy yobhedu, ivalve yealluminiyam, ivalve yealloy lead, ivalve yetitanium alloy, ivalve yeMonel ialloy
Ivalve yentsimbi, ivalve yentsimbi, ivalve yentsimbi, ivalve yentsimbi ephantsi, ivalve yentsimbi ephezulu.
Ivalve enomzimba wesinyithi: efana nevalve ekhokelela, ivalve yeplastiki enemigca, ivalve ene-enamel.
Inkqubo yokuhlela ngokubanzi
Le ndlela yokuhlela ayipheleli nje ngokomgaqo, umsebenzi kunye nolwakhiwo, yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokuhlela ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Ngokubanzi, kukho iivalvu zesango, iivalvu zeglowubhu, iivalvu zeglowubhu, ivalve ye-throttle, ivalve yesixhobo, i-plunger valves, i-diaphragm valves, iivalve zeplagi, iivalvu zebhola, iivalvu zebhabhathane, iivalve zokujonga, iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo, iivalvu zokhuseleko, imigibe, iivalvu zokulawula, iivalvu ezisezantsi, izihluzi. , iivalvu zokuvuthela, njl.
Kutheni kunzima ukutshintsha iivalve ezinkulu zecaliber? Indlela yokusombulula ngayo?
Uhlalutyo lwezizathu zobunzima bokuvula kunye nokuvala i-valve enkulu yobubanzi
I-avareji yamandla omlinganiselo othe tye womntu omdala yi-60-90kg, ngokuxhomekeke kumzimba owahlukileyo.
Umkhombandlela wokuhamba ngokubanzi wevalve yeglowubhu uyilelwe ukuba ubephantsi kwaye ube phezulu. Xa ivalve ivaliwe, umzimba womntu utyhala ivili lesandla ngokuthe tye ukuze lijikelezise, ukuze idisk yevalve iye ezantsi kwaye ivale. Ngeli xesha, indibaniselwano yemiba emithathu yamandla kufuneka yoyiswe, ezizezi:
1) i-axial jacking force Fa;
2) I-friction force phakathi kokupakisha kunye ne-valve stem Fb;
3) Isiqu siqhagamshelana ne-disc core kunye ne-friction force Fc
Itorque iyonke yi-M=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R
Ingabonwa ukuba inkulu i-caliber, i-axial jacking force inkulu. Xa isondele kwimeko evaliweyo, i-axial jacking force iphantse isondele kuxinzelelo lwangempela lomnatha wombhobho (kuba i-P1-P2P1, i-P2 = 0 xa ivaliwe).
Umzekelo, i-valve yeglowubhu ye-DN200 yecaliber isetyenziswa kumbhobho womphunga we-10bar, kwaye igama layo * livala i-axial thrust Fa= 10R2 =3140kg. Amandla omjikelezo othe tye ofunekayo ekuvaleni asondele kumda wamandla anqamlezileyo ajikelezayo anokukhutshwa ngumzimba womntu oqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuba umntu avale ngokupheleleyo i-valve phantsi kwesi simo sokusebenza.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ezinye iifektri zicebisa ukufaka olu hlobo lwevalve ngasemva, olusombulula ingxaki yobunzima bokuvala, kodwa kukho ingxaki yobunzima bokuvula emva kokuvala.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu sevalvu yeglowubhu enkulu ethanda ukuvuza kwangaphakathi
Isivalo esikhulu sokumisa ivalve isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindawo yokukhupha ibhoyila, eyona cylinder, umlawuli womphunga kunye nezinye izikhundla, ezi zikhundla zinezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
I-1) Umahluko woxinzelelo kwindawo yokuphuma kwibhoyila ngokuqhelekileyo mkhulu, ngoko ke izinga lokuhamba komphunga nalo likhulu, kwaye ukukhukuliseka kunye nempembelelo yokutshatyalaliswa kwindawo yokutywinwa nayo inkulu. Ukongeza, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha kwebhoyili akunakuba yi-100%, okuya kubangela ukuba umthamo wamanzi ophuma kwibhoyili ube mkhulu, kulula ukuvelisa i-cavitation kunye nomonakalo we-cavitation kwindawo yokutywinwa kwevalve.
2) Kwindawo yokuphuma kwibhoyila kunye nevalve enqamlekileyo kufutshane ne-cylinder, kuba umphunga uphuma nje kwibhoyila, kukho into ephazamisayo yobushushu, kwinkqubo yokugcwalisa, ukuba unyango lokuthambisa amanzi kwibhoyila alulunganga kakhulu. kudla ngokunyisa inxalenye yeasidi kunye nezinto zealkali, kumphezulu wokutywina kuya kubangela umhlwa kunye nokhukuliseko; Ezinye izinto ezicwebezelayo zinokuncanyathiselwa kumphezulu wevalvu wokutywina, okukhokelela ekubeni ivalve ingatywinwa ngokuqinileyo.
3) I-valve yokungena kunye ne-outlet ye-sub-cylinder, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-steam emva kwevalve kubangelwa iimfuno zokuvelisa kunye nezinye izizathu, ukusetyenziswa komphunga kukhulu kwaye kuncinci, kwimeko yokutshintsha okukhulu kwisantya sokuhamba. kulula ukuvelisa i-flash, i-cavitation kunye nezinye iziganeko, ngaloo ndlela kubangele ukuguguleka, i-cavitation kunye nomnye umonakalo kwindawo yokutywinwa kwe-valve.
4) Ngokubanzi, xa kuvulwe imibhobho yobubanzi bombhobho omkhulu, kuyimfuneko ukufudumeza umbhobho kwangaphambili, kwaye inkqubo yokufudumeza ifuna ngokubanzi ukuhamba komphunga okuncinci ukudlula, ukuze umbhobho uhambe kancinane kwaye ufudunyezwe ngokulinganayo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile phambi kokuba ivalve enqunyiweyo inokuvulwa ngokupheleleyo, ukuze kuthintelwe ukwanda okugqithisileyo okubangelwa ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kombhobho kunye nomonakalo kwinxalenye yoqhagamshelo. Kodwa kule nkqubo, ukuvulwa kwevalve kuhlala kuncinci kakhulu, okukhokelela ekukhukuliseni komhlaba kukhulu kunesiphumo esiqhelekileyo sokusetyenziswa, kunciphisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yendawo yokutywinwa kwevalve.
Ukutshintsha kwevalve yedayamitha enkulu yokutshintsha isisombululo esinzima
1) Okokuqala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe i-bellows yokutywina ivalve yeglowubhu ukunqanda impembelelo yokumelana ne-friction yevalve yeplunger kunye nevalve yokupakisha kwaye utshintshe ngokulula ngakumbi.
2) isihlalo se-spool kufuneka senziwe ngezinto ezinokumelana nokukhukuliseka okulungileyo kunye nokusebenza kokunxiba, njengeSiteli carbide;
I-3) Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-disc double structure, kungekhona ngenxa yokuvula okuncinci okubangelwa ukuguguleka okugqithisileyo, kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo kunye nesiphumo sokutywinwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2022
