Ulwazi olusisiseko lofakelo lwevalvu yolondolozo lwevalvu kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo imiba kunye neenkcukacha

Ulwazi olusisiseko lofakelo lwevalvu yogcino lwevalvu kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo imiba kunye neenkcukacha Okwangoku, iiparamitha zobugcisa zevalvu eveliswe kwihlabathi, ikhelibhu yomnyango incinci ukuya kwi-1 mm ukuya kwi-9750 mm; Uxinzelelo lwe-valve yokusebenza luvela kwi-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu ye-1 x10-10 MMHG ukuya kwi-ultra-high pressure 14,600 atmospheres. Ubushushu bokusebenza kwevalvu busuka kwi -270℃ ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu 1200℃ nakuma 3430℃. I-valve medium velocity 11 amaxesha esantya esiphezulu; I-Valve ixesha lokuvula kunye nokuvala i-1 / 1000 ~ 5 imizuzwana, ukuvuza kwevalve ukuya kwi-1 x10-10CC / yesibini, oku kuthetha indawo yokuvuza iminyaka engama-300 kamva ngaphantsi kwe-1 CC. Imveliso yehlabathi yangoku ebanzi yeeparamitha zobugcisa bevalve, i-caliber yomnyango ukusuka kwincinci ukuya kwi-1 mm ukuya kwi-9750 mm; Uxinzelelo lwe-valve yokusebenza luvela kwi-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu ye-1 x10-10 MMHG ukuya kwi-ultra-high pressure 14,600 atmospheres. Ubushushu bokusebenza kwevalvu busuka kwi -270℃ ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu 1200℃ nakuma 3430℃. I-valve medium velocity 11 amaxesha esantya esiphezulu; I-Valve ixesha lokuvula kunye nokuvala i-1 / 1000 ~ 5 imizuzwana, ukuvuza kwevalve ukuya kwi-1 x10-10CC / yesibini, oku kuthetha indawo yokuvuza iminyaka engama-300 kamva ngaphantsi kwe-1 CC. Le mizekelo ingasentla, ngemigudu yabantu, kuya kubakho impumelelo. Oku kulandelayo yi-diameter yegama levalve, uxinzelelo lwegama, ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo olusebenzayo kunye nobushushu obusebenzayo, kunye nomgangatho oqhelekileyo wevalve. Ezinye zeeparameters ezisisiseko zinemilinganiselo yelizwe kunye neyomphathiswa. Idayamitha eqhelekileyo yendlela yokungena kunye nephumayo yevalve ibizwa ngokuba yidayamitha yegama levalve. Imelwe nguDg (umgangatho wesizwe weDn wolingo), ngeemilimitha (mm). I-diameter ebizwa ngokuba yi-valve ichazwe kumgangatho wesizwe we-GB1074-70. Uluhlu lwedayamitha ye-Nominal ye-valve iboniswe kwiThebhile 1-1. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, i-diameter ye-valve ye-valve ihambelana nobukhulu bokwenene. Kukho into yokuba i-diameter ye-nominal ayihambelani nedayamitha yokwenyani yevalve esetyenzisiweyo kushishino lweekhemikhali zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nepetroleum. Uxinzelelo lwesiqhelo lwevalvu lubizwa ngokuba luxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwevalvu. Ibonakaliswa nguPg (umgangatho wesizwe ubonakaliswa yi-PN, iyunithi yoxinzelelo ibha), kunye neyunithi i-kg force / cm2 (kgf / cm2). Ukuba i-Pg16 iphawulwe kwi-valve, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-valve luyi-16 kg amandla / cm 2. Uxinzelelo oluncinci lwe-valve luchazwe kumgangatho wesizwe we-GB1048-70. Uluhlu loxinzelelo oluncinci lweevalvu luboniswe kwiThebhile 1-2. Umthamo wangempela woxinzelelo lwevalve udla ngokuba mkhulu kunoxinzelelo oluncinci lwevalve, eyenzelwe ukuqwalasela into yokhuseleko. Kuvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamandla evalve, ngokutsho komda othenjiswe ukudlula uxinzelelo lwegama, kwimeko yokusebenza yevalve, yahlulwe ngokungqongqo phezu komsebenzi woxinzelelo, ngokuqhelekileyo khetha ngaphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi loxinzelelo. Okwesithathu, ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwevalve kunye nobushushu bokusebenza kwevalve kwindawo yokusebenza yoxinzelelo ibizwa ngokuba luxinzelelo lokusebenza lwevalve, ehambelana nezinto kunye nobushushu bokusebenza bendawo yevalve. . Ichazwa ngu-P, umzobo okwikona esezantsi ekunene yegama elingu-P liqondo lobushushu eliphakathi nolwahlulwe nge-10 quotient integer. Umzekelo, i-P42 ibonisa uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwe-valve medium kubushushu obuphezulu obuyi-425 ℃. Ubushushu bokusebenza kwevalve kunye netafile ehambelanayo yokutshintsha uxinzelelo oluphezulu olubizwa ngokuba yitheyibhile yobushushu kunye noxinzelelo. Jonga iTheyibhile 1-3, 4, 5. Umzekelo wesicelo: i-40kg force / cm 2 ivalve yensimbi ye-carbon kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi kwe-425 ℃ kumbhobho, uxinzelelo lwalo oluphezulu lokusebenza lungakanani na ezintandathu zokuqala kwitafile 1- Ikholamu ye-3 carbon steel, fumana ubushushu obusebenzayo be-425 ℃ igridi ukujonga ezantsi, kwaye ujonge ikholamu yoxinzelelo lwe-40 kg amandla / cm 2 igridi ukujonga ezantsi, Inani ekudibaneni kwamacandelo amabini uxinzelelo olukhulu olusebenzayo lwale valve yensimbi ye-carbon P4222 kg amandla / cm 2 Umgangatho oqhelekileyo wevalve yinto ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ekuyilweni nasekukhethweni kwevalve. Indlela yokubamba "indlela eqhelekileyo yesivalo" nceda ufunde isampuli yevalve kunye nencwadana ye-anti-corrosion manual kunye nokusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kweevalvu Ulwazi: Ufakelo lwesivalo kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwimiba kunye neenkcukacha zofakelo lwevalvu, kufuneka kulula ukusebenza: nokuba ukufakwa kweengxaki zexeshana, kodwa nokulawula umsebenzi wexesha elide wabasebenzi. Kungcono ukuba i-valve handwheel ihambelane nesifuba (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1.2 yeemitha kude nomgangatho wokusebenza), ukuze kube lula ukuvula nokuvala ivalve. I-handwheel yevalve yomhlaba kufuneka ibe phezulu, musa ukuthambeka, ukuze ingasebenzi kakuhle. Umatshini wodonga uxhomekeke kwivalve yesixhobo, kodwa kwakhona ushiye indawo yokuba umqhubi ame. Ngaphambi kokufakela, i-valve kufuneka ihlolwe ukujonga ukucaciswa kunye nohlobo kunye nokuchonga ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo, ngakumbi kwi-valve stem. Umgangatho wofakelo lwevalvu luchaphazela ngqo ukusetyenziswa, ngoko ke kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngokwenene kuyo. (1) Isalathiso kunye nendawo Iivalve ezininzi zinendlela yokwalatha, njengezivalo zeglowubhu, iivalve zokuthoba, iivalve zokunciphisa, iivalve zokujonga, njl.njl., ukuba iguqulwe inverted, iya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nobomi (ezifana ne-throttle valves), okanye musa. ukusebenza (ezifana neevalvu zokunciphisa), kwaye zide zibangele ingozi (ezifana neevalvu zokukhangela). Ivalve ngokubanzi, uphawu lolwalathiso kumzimba wevalvu; Ukuba akunjalo, kufuneka kube ngokuhambelana nomgaqo wokusebenza wevalve, ukuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo. Igumbi levalve yevalve yeglowubhu ayilunganga ukuba ithi ulwelo kufuneka luyekwe ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ngezibuko levalve, ukuze ukuxhathisa ulwelo kuncinci (kumiselwe yimilo), vula ukonga amandla (ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphakathi. phezulu), indawo evaliweyo ayicinezeli ukupakisha, kulula ukuvavanya, yiyo loo nto ivalve yeglowubhu ingenakuguqulwa. Ezinye iivalve nazo zineempawu zazo. Isikhundla sokufakela i-valve, kufuneka kube lula ukusebenza: nokuba ukufakwa kweengxaki zexeshana, kodwa nokulawula umsebenzi wexesha elide wabasebenzi. Kungcono ukuba i-valve handwheel ihambelane nesifuba (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1.2 yeemitha kude nomgangatho wokusebenza), ukuze kube lula ukuvula nokuvala ivalve. I-handwheel yevalve yomhlaba kufuneka ibe phezulu, musa ukuthambeka, ukuze ingasebenzi kakuhle. Umatshini wodonga uxhomekeke kwivalve yesixhobo, kodwa kwakhona ushiye indawo yokuba umqhubi ame. Ukuze ugweme ukuguqulwa kokuphakama, ngakumbi i-asidi kunye ne-alkali, imidiya enetyhefu, ngaphandle koko ayikhuselekanga. Musa ukulijikezisa isango (oko kukuthi ivili lesandla lihle), kungenjalo i-medium iya kugcinwa kwisithuba sebhonethi ixesha elide, ukhukuliseko olulula lwesikhondo, kunye nezinye iimfuno zenkqubo ezichasiweyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukutshintshwa kwesigcwalisi akuthandeki kakhulu. Vula ivalve yesango lesikhondo, musa ukufaka ngaphantsi komhlaba, kungenjalo ngenxa yokumanzisa kunye nokhukuliseko oluvelileyo kwesikhondo. Phakamisa ivalve yokukhangela, ukufakela ukuqinisekisa ukuba idiskhi nkqo, ukuze ukuphakamisa bhetyebhetye. Swing itshekhi iivalvu, xa efakwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba inqanaba isikhonkwane, ukuze ujingi bhetyebhetye. I-valve yokunciphisa kufuneka ifakwe kumbhobho othe tye, kwaye ungaguquki kuyo nayiphi na indlela. (2) umsebenzi wasekhaya wokwakha Ufakelo kunye nokwakhiwa kufuneka kulumke, musa ukubetha ivalve eyenziwe ngezinto ezinqabileyo. Ngaphambi kokufakela, i-valve kufuneka ihlolwe ukujonga ukucaciswa kunye nohlobo kunye nokuchonga ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo, ngakumbi kwi-valve stem. Kwakhona qengqeleka amaxesha ambalwa ukuze ubone ukuba igobile, kuba kwinkqubo yothutho, kulula ukungqubeka isikhondo sevalve egoso. Kwakhona susa i-debris kwi-valve. Xa uphakamisa i-valve, intambo akufanele iboshwe kwi-handwheel okanye isiqu ukuphepha umonakalo kula macandelo, kufuneka iboshwe kwi-flange. Kwiivalvu eziqhagamshelwe kumbhobho, qiniseka ukuba ucocekile. Umoya oxinanisiweyo unokusetyenziselwa ukuvuthela iitshiphusi zentsimbi, isanti, i-welding slag kunye nobunye ubumdaka. Ezi sundries, kungekhona nje ngokulula ukukhuhla umphezulu wokutywina wevalve, phakathi kwawo amasuntswana amakhulu e-sundries (njenge-welding slag), kodwa afake i-valve encinci, ukuze ingaphumeleli. Xa ufaka ivalve ye-screw, ukupakisha ukutywina (i-hemp kunye ne-oyile ye-aluminium okanye ibhanti le-polytetrafluoroethylene ekrwada) kufuneka isongelwe kumsonto wombhobho, ungangeni kwivalve, ukuze ugweme imveliso yememori yevalve, echaphazela ukuhamba kakuhle kwendawo ephakathi. . Xa ufaka i-valve ene-flanged, qaphela ukuba uqinise iibholithi ngokulinganayo kwaye ngokulinganayo. I-valve flange kunye ne-flange yombhobho kufuneka ihambelane, ukukhutshwa okufanelekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nokuqhekeka kwevalve. Kwizinto ezinqabileyo kunye neevalve zamandla aphantsi, ngokukodwa ingqalelo. Iivalve ezidityaniswe ngemibhobho kufuneka zifakwe i-spot-welded kuqala, emva koko iindawo zokutywina kufuneka zivuleke ngokupheleleyo, emva koko zifakwe zifile. (3) Amanyathelo okukhusela Ezinye iivalvu kufuneka zibe nokhuseleko lwangaphandle, olulugqume kunye nokupholisa. Imigca yomphunga oshushu ngamanye amaxesha yongezwa kwi-insulation. Luluphi uhlobo lwevalve ekufuneka ifakwe i-insulated okanye ibanda, ngokweemfuno zemveliso. Ngokomgaqo, apho i-medium kwivalve ukunciphisa ubushushu kakhulu, iya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso okanye ivalve engumkhenkce, kufuneka ugcine ubushushu, okanye udibanise ubushushu; Apho iivalvu eziveziweyo, zichasene nemveliso okanye zibangele iqabaka kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi, kuyimfuneko ukubanda. Izinto zokugquma i-asbestos, uboya be-slag, uboya beglasi, i-perlite, i-diatomite, i-vermiculite, njl.; Izinto zokupholisa ziquka i-cork, i-perlite, i-foam, iplastiki kunye nokunye. (4) I-Bypass kunye nesixhobo Ezinye iivalve, ngaphezu kwamanyathelo okukhusela ayimfuneko, nazo zine-bypass kunye ne-instrumentation. Kuye kwafakelwa i-bypass. Ilungele ukuhlolwa komgibe. Ezinye iivalve, nazo zifakwe yi-bypass. Ingaba ukufaka i-bypass, kuxhomekeke kwimeko ye-valve, ukubaluleka kunye neemfuno zokuvelisa. (5) ukupakisha indawo yokupakisha i-valve ye-Inventory, ukupakisha okunye akulunganga, abanye ngokusetyenziswa kweendaba azihambelani, oku kufuna ukutshintsha ukupakisha. Abavelisi be-valve abanakukwazi ukuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwamawaka eeyunithi zeendaba ezahlukeneyo, ibhokisi yokufaka isoloko igcwele ingcambu eqhelekileyo, kodwa xa isetyenzisiwe, kuyimfuneko ukwenza i-filler ivumelane ne-medium. Xa utshintsha isigcwalisi, cinezela ngokujikeleza ngokujikeleza. Umthungo ngamnye wendandatho ukuya kuma-degrees angama-45 ufanelekile, ring kunye ne-ring uvule i-180 degrees. Ukuphakama kokupakisha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo igumbi ukuze indlala izuze ilifa loxinzelelo. Okwangoku, indawo engezantsi ye-gland kufuneka ivunyelwe ukuba icinezele igumbi lokupakisha kubunzulu obufanelekileyo, obunokuthi ngokuqhelekileyo bube yi-10-20% yobuninzi begumbi lokupakisha. Kwiivalvu zemfuno ephezulu, i-joint Angle yi-30 degrees. Umthungo phakathi kwamakhonkco ugxininiswe ngamadigri angama-120. Ukongeza kule fillers ngasentla, kodwa kwakhona ngokweenkcukacha, ukusetyenziswa kwerabha O-ring (ukumelana irabha yendalo ngezantsi 60 degrees Celsius buthathaka alkali, ukuxhathisa irabha butadiene ngaphantsi 80 degrees Celsius iikristale oyile, ukuxhathisa irabha Fluorine ngaphantsi 150 degrees Celsius a ezahlukeneyo zokhukuliseko lweendaba) ezintathu-ezifukiweyo polytetrafluoroethylene iringi (ukumelana ngaphantsi 200 degrees Celsius eendaba yokhukuliseko enamandla) isitya senayiloni (ukumelana ngaphantsi kwe 120 degrees Celsius ammonia, alkali) kunye nezinye ukwenza filler. Uluhlu lwe-polytetrafluoroethylene tape yezinto eziluhlaza zihlanganiswe ngaphandle kwediski ye-asbestos eqhelekileyo, enokuphucula umphumo wokutywinwa kunye nokunciphisa ukukhukuliseka kwe-electrochemical ye-valve stem. Xa ucofa isinongo, qengqeleka isiqu sevalvu ngaxeshanye ukugcina umndilili osingqongileyo, kwaye uthintele ukufa kakhulu, qinisa idlala kumandla aphakathi, ungathambeki.