Impompo yekhemikhali, ukhetho olufanelekileyo yimpompo, ukhetho olungalunganga luyi-valve yempompo yekhemikhali yengozi kunye nezixhobo zombhobho zokunqanda ukukhenkceza

Impompo yemichiza, ukhetho olufanelekileyo yimpompo, ukhetho olungalunganga yimpompo yempompo yekhemikhali ivelufa kunye nesixhobo sombhobho amanyathelo okunqanda ukukhenkceka Ipetroleum kunye neshishini lemichiza likwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwelizwe, kunye nempompo yenkqubo yeekhemikhali njengesixhobo esiphambili esixhasayo. inikwe ingqalelo engakumbi nangakumbi. Ngenxa yeempawu ezintsonkothileyo zemichiza ephakathi, kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo zokukhuselwa kwendalo, sinokulukhetha njani uhlobo lwempompo yemichiza? Yintoni ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo njalo njalo ibaluleke kakhulu. UXiaobian ukuthetha nawe malunga nokukhethwa kwempompo yeekhemikhali kufuneka anikele ingqalelo kwimicimbi! Qaphela: ukuxhathisa ukudleka Ukonakala bekusoloko kuyenye yeengozi zezixhobo zekhemikhali. Ukuba awukhathali, izixhobo ziya konakala, kwaye inzima iya kubangela iingozi okanye iintlekele. Ngokwezibalo ezifanelekileyo, malunga ne-60% yomonakalo wezixhobo zeekhemikhali zibangelwa ukubola, ngoko kufuneka siqale sinikele ingqalelo kubume besayensi bokukhethwa kwezinto xa sikhetha impompo yeekhemikhali. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ukungaqondi kakuhle ukuba insimbi engenasici "izinto eziphathekayo", kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi imeko ephakathi kunye neyokusingqongileyo ephethe insimbi engenasici, oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Oku kulandelayo kwezinye iikhemikhali eziqhelekileyo zokuthetha malunga neengongoma eziphambili zokukhetha izinto: 1, i-asidi yesulfuric, Njengomnye wemithombo yeendaba ezomeleleyo ezonakalisayo, i-asidi yesulfuric yimathiriyeli ekrwada yezinto ezininzi kwaye ibalulekile. Ugxininiso olwahlukeneyo kunye namaqondo obushushu e-asidi yesulfuric kumohluko wokutya okubonakalayo mkhulu, kugxininiso olungaphezulu kwe-80%, iqondo lobushushu lingaphantsi kwe-80 ℃ yesulfuric acid egxininisiweyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ekhatywayo zinokuxhathisa umhlwa, kodwa ayifanelekanga. ukuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu se-asidi ye-sulfuric, engafanelekanga kwimpahla yevalve yempompo; Intsimbi eqhelekileyo engenastainless efana ne-304(0Cr18Ni9), 316(0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti) nayo inokusetyenziswa okulinganiselweyo kwi-asidi ye-sulfuric medium. Ngoko ke, i-valve yepompo yokuhambisa i-asidi ye-sulfuric ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe nge-high-silicon cast iron (ukuphosa kunye nobunzima bokucubungula), i-alloy high-alloy steel stainless (No. abantu. Ingxubevange yeplastiki ye-fluorine inokumelana ne-asidi ye-sulfuric enhle kakhulu, yi-Chinese Academy of Sciences yase-Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry patent material, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences experiment ibonise ukuba akukho sixhobo sekhemikhali esinokusabela ngayo, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwe-fluorine lined. impompo (F46) lukhetho lwezoqoqosho ngakumbi. I-2, i-hydrochloric acid Uninzi lwezixhobo zetsimbi azichasananga ne-hydrochloric acid corrosion (kubandakanywa neentlobo zezinto zensimbi ezingenasici), i-molybdenum equkethe i-ferrosilicon ingasetyenziselwa i-50 ℃, i-30% ngaphantsi kwe-hydrochloric acid. Ngokwahlukileyo kwizinto zetsimbi, izinto ezininzi ezingezizo zetsimbi zinokumelana ne-corrosion efanelekileyo kwi-hydrochloric acid, ngoko ke impompo yerabha ene-lined kunye nempompo yeplastiki (njengeeplastiki zobunjineli, iiplastiki ze-fluorine, njl.) Kungcono ukukhetha ukuthutha i-hydrochloric acid. I-3, i-asidi ye-nitric ye-asidi ngokubanzi idla ngokukhawuleza kwi-asidi ye-nitric, isinyithi esingenasici sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokumelana ne-nitric acid, zonke izigxina ze-nitric acid kwiqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo zinokumelana nokubola okuhle, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba i-molybdenum equlethe insimbi engenasici (efana ne 316, 316L) ukuxhathisa i-corrosion kwi-nitric acid ayingcono kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo engenasici (efana ne-304, 321), ngamanye amaxesha imbi nakakhulu. Kubushushu obuphezulu be-nitric acid, imathiriyeli yeplastiki yefluorine idla ngokusetyenziswa. I-4, i-acetic acid, yenye yezona zinto zidlayo kwi-organic acids. Intsimbi eqhelekileyo iya kugqwala kakhulu kwi-acetic acid yazo zonke izigxina kunye namaqondo obushushu. Intsimbi engatyiwayo yeyona nto ibalaseleyo ekwaziyo ukumelana ne-acetic, kwaye i-molybdenum 316 intsimbi engatyiwayo ingasetyenziselwa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuhlambulula umphunga we-acetic acid. Kubushushu obuphezulu boxinzelelo lwe-acetic acid okanye equlathe enye into etyiwayo kunye nezinye iimfuno ezirhabaxa, unokukhetha intsimbi ephezulu yealloyi okanye impompo yeplastiki yefluorine. Njengempompo yemagnethi yeCQB, impompo yemagnethi yentsimbi yeCQ engenasici. 5. Isiseko (i-sodium hydroxide) Ngokuqhelekileyo i-corrosive ayinamandla kakhulu, kodwa isisombululo se-alkali ngokubanzi siya kuvelisa i-crystallization, ngoko unokukhetha uhlobo lwe-FSB lwepompo ye-alkali ye-fluoroalloy kunye ne-mechanical seal ye-silica graphite 169 impahla. 6. I-Ammonia (i-ammonia hydroxide) Ukudleka kwezinyithi ezininzi nezingezizo kwi-ammonia engamanzi kunye ne-ammonia (i-ammonia hydroxide) iphakathi kakhulu. Kuphela i-alloys yobhedu kunye nobhedu akufanele isetyenziswe. Ngeli xesha, impompo yobunjineli yeplastiki yeplastiki yeCQF, impompo ye-fluorine ye-fluorine ye-centrifugal ye-FSB ingcono. 7. Amanzi etyuwa (amanzi olwandle) Intsimbi eqhelekileyo kwisisombululo sesodium chloride kunye namanzi olwandle, izinga lokubola kwamanzi etyuwa aliphezulu kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka lisebenzise ukhuseleko lwepeyinti; Zonke iintlobo zentsimbi engatyiwa zinomlinganiselo ophantsi kakhulu wokuthotywa ofanayo, kodwa unokubangela umhlwa wendawo ngenxa yeeyoni zekloridi, ngokuqhelekileyo i-316 yentsimbi ingcono. I-8, utywala, ii-ketones, i-esters, i-ethers yotywala obuqhelekileyo obufana ne-methanol, i-ethanol, i-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol, i-ketone, njenge-medium, kukho zonke iintlobo ze-methyl esters medium, i-ethyl ester, i-ethers media njenge-methyl ether, i-butyl. i-ether, isiseko sabo asinamandla, ngoko ke bonke banokukhetha intsimbi eqhelekileyo engenastainless, ukhetho lwekhonkrithi kufuneka kwakhona ngokweemfuno zeepropathi ze-dielectric kunye nokuhambelana nokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo. Ukongezelela, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-ketone, i-ester kunye ne-ether iyanyibilika kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeerubha, kwaye ugweme iimpazamo xa ukhetha izinto zokutywina. Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe impompo yemagnethi etywiniweyo yeplastiki ye-fluorine. Zininzi ezinye imidiya azikwazi ukuqaliswa kule nganye nganye, ngokufutshane, ekukhethweni kwezixhobo kufuneka kungabi random kwaye kuyimfama, kufuneka uqhagamshelane ngolwazi olufanelekileyo okanye ufunde kumava aqolileyo. Qaphela ezimbini: ingxaki yempompo yempompo yekhemikhali Akukho kuvuza kukusukela ngonaphakade izixhobo zekhemikhali, kwaye yile mfuno ethe yanegalelo ekwandeni kokusetyenziswa kwempompo yamagnetic. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho indlela ende yokufumana ukuvuza, njengobomi benkonzo yomkhono we-magnetic pump isolation, ukubola kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuthembeka kwesitywina esisisigxina kunye nokunye. Olunye ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nokutywinwa lwaziswa ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 1. Ifom yokutywina Ukutywinwa okusisigxina, kukho iindlela ezimbini kuphela ze-gasket kunye nekhonkco lokutywina, kwaye umsesane wokutywina usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-O-ring. Ukutywinwa okuguquguqukayo, ukupakishwa kwempompo yeekhemikhali, kunqabile ukuba kusetyenziswe ukutywinwa komatshini, ukutywinwa komatshini kunye nobuso obubodwa kunye nobuso obuphindwe kabini, ukulingana kunye nemodeli engalinganiyo, imodeli yokulinganisa ilungele ukutywinwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekiselele kuxinzelelo olukhulu kune-1.0 MPa), umatshini wokutywina wobuso obuphindwe kabini usetyenziselwa ubushushu obuphezulu, kulula ukwenza icrystallization, i-viscosity, kunye netyhefu eguquguqukayo ephakathi kubandakanya i-particle, Umatshini wokutywina ophindwe kabini kufuneka utofe ulwelo lokuzihlukanisa kwindawo yokutywina, kwaye uxinzelelo luphezulu ngokubanzi kunoxinzelelo oluphakathi 0.07 ~ 0.1MPa. 2. Izinto zokutywina Imathiriyeli yemagnethi yemagnethi emile yokutywina ngokubanzi isebenzisa irabha enefluorine, iimeko ezizodwa zisebenzisa imathiriyeli ye-PTFE kuphela; Ukucwangciswa kwezinto eziphathekayo zeseyili yetywina eguquguqukayo kubaluleke ngakumbi, kungekhona i-alloy eqinile kwi-alloy eqinile ingcono, ixabiso liphezulu kwelinye icala, ezi zibini azikho ubunzima obunzima abukho ngqiqweni, ngoko kungcono ukucalula ngokweempawu. ye medium. Qaphela ezintathu: ingxaki ye-viscosity I-viscosity ye-medium inempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwempompo. Xa i-viscosity inyuka, i-pump head curve iyancipha, kwaye intloko kunye nokuhamba kwiimeko ezingcono zokusebenza ziyancipha, ngelixa amandla enyuka ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ke ukusebenza kuyancipha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iiparitha kwisampuli yintsebenzo yokuthuthwa kwamanzi acocekileyo, kwaye ukuguqulwa kufuneka kuqhutywe xa uhambisa imidiya ye-viscous (nceda ubhekisele kwitshathi efanelekileyo yokuguqula i-coefficients yokulungiswa kwe-viscosity eyahlukeneyo). Ukuthuthwa kwe-viscosity slurry ephezulu, i-paste kunye ne-viscous liquid, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe impompo yodaka. Umgaqo wokukhetha impompo Ekufakeni izixhobo, ukumisela ukusetyenziswa kwepompo kunye neeparitha zokusebenza kunye nokukhetha uhlobo lwempompo. Olu khetho kuqala kufuneka luqale ekukhetheni uhlobo kunye nefom yempompo, ngoko nguwuphi umgaqo wokukhetha umpompo? Ngasiphi isizinzi? 1. Yenza uhlobo kunye nokusebenza kompompo okhethiweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuhamba kwesixhobo, intloko, uxinzelelo, ukushisa, isibonelelo se-cavitation, ukufunxa kunye nezinye iiparitha zenkqubo. I-2, kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zeempawu eziphakathi Ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezinokutsha, eziqhumayo, ezinetyhefu okanye ezixabisekileyo zempompo, isitywina se-shaft siyadingeka ukuba sithembeke okanye akukho mpompo yokuvuza, njengempompo ye-magnetic drive (akukho shaft seal, ukusetyenziswa kwe-isolation magnetic indirect drive); Ukuhanjiswa kwempompo ephakathi kwe-corrosion, iindawo zokuhambisa ziyafuneka ukuba zisebenzise izinto ezinganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion, njengempompo ye-fluorine yeplastiki ye-corrosion; Ukuhanjiswa kweepompo eziqulethe i-particle eqinile, iinqununu ze-convection zifunekayo ukuba zisebenzise izinto ezinqabileyo zokugqoka, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, isitywina se-shaft sihlanjwa ngolwelo olucocekileyo. I-3, iimfuno zoomatshini zokuthembeka okuphezulu, ingxolo ephantsi, i-vibration encinci. 4. Bala ngokuchanekileyo ixabiso legalelo lokuthenga impompo. I-5, ukuthutha i-corrosive medium (efana ne-"sulfuric acid concentrated, concentrated nitric acid"), izithuthi ezivuthayo kunye neziqhushumbisi, ukusetyenziswa kwendalo akufuneki kube naluphi na ungcoliseko: unokukhetha impompo yamagnetic, njenge "CQB series pump magnetic, IMD". uchungechunge impompo magnetic, ukuba ufuna self-priming, ungakhetha FZB fluorine plastic impompo self-priming 6. Impompo centrifugal IHF kunye FSB centrifugal impompo zineempawu isantya esiphezulu, umthamo omncinane, ubunzima ukukhanya, ukusebenza kakuhle, flow enkulu. isakhiwo esilula, akukho pulsation kwi-infusion, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, ukusebenza okulula kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, njengokusetyenziswa kweemeko ngaphandle kweemfuno ezikhethekileyo, unokukhetha ipompo ye-centrifugal ingcono 7, ukuhanjiswa kwepompo ephakathi kweekhemikhali eziqinileyo, iinxalenye ze-convection efunekayo ukusebenzisa izinto ezikwaziyo ukunxiba: impompo yodaka ye-UHB lukhetho olungcono lwezinto, i-UHB i-corrosion resistance wear-resistant mortar pump material kwiqondo eliphezulu lobunjineli obutsha beplastiki ye-UHBWPE, bubunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli (ngaphezulu kwe-5) million) ipolyethylene. Phakathi kweeplastiki, inokumelana nokunxiba okugqwesileyo. Uthelekiso lovavanyo lubonisa ukuba ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kuphezulu kakhulu kunoko kwentsimbi engenasici, kwaye ineempawu ezizodwa ezifana nokuchasana kwempembelelo, ukuxhathisa i-creep kunye nokumelana nokubola okuhle (okuthelekiswa ne-F4), kunye nokungabambeleli. 8. Xa umgangatho wolwelo oluphakathi ungaphantsi kwendawo yokufakela impompo: I-FZB fluoroplastic self-priming pump kufuneka ikhethwe. Ukuba ufuna kwakhona ukukhawulelana neempawu zempompo yamagnetic, i-ZMD fluoroplastic self-priming magnetic pump inokukhethwa 9, ngokwe-curve yokusebenza yempompo ukukhetha imodeli ecacileyo engcono: xa iimfuno zokusetyenziswa kwitheyibhile yeparameter yokusebenza ayikwazi ukufumana. imodeli efanelekileyo inokubhekisela kwigophe lokusebenza kwempompo ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwempompo. Impompo yekhemikhali