Ngokomgangatho we-OSHA olawula ukusebenza kwenkunkuma enobungozi kunye nempendulo yongxamiseko (29 CFR 1910.120), amagcisa ezinto ezinobungozi ngabaphenduli "abasondela kwindawo yokukhutshwa kwiplagi, ukupakisha, okanye ngenye indlela ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi." Ke ngoko, uqeqesho kwi inqanaba lobuchwephesha kufuneka lidityaniswe neenkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukumisa ukukhutshwa ngengozi (oko kukuthi, uqeqesho lokuqulatha).
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqeqesho lokuthintela kukubonelela abaqeqeshwayo ngokukhululwa okufanisiweyo ukuze kubuyiselwe.Ulwazi olulandelayo luchaza izixhobo ezine ezisetyenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa kokuthintela kwiYunivesithi yaseAlabama eBirmingham / Centre for Labor Education and Research (UAB / CLEAR) Indawo yoMsebenzi kunye noKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo kunye Inkqubo yezeMpilo.
Zonke iinqununu zezixhobo ezichazwe apha, ngaphandle kwesitya seklorine, zifumaneka ngokulula kwimithombo yendawo efana neevenkile ze-hardware, ababoneleli bemibhobho, kunye neenkampani zokubonelela ngamashishini.Ukwenziwa kunye nokuguqulwa okufunekayo ukudala ezi zixhobo kubandakanya izakhono ezincinci zoomatshini kunye nezinto eziqhelekileyo. izixhobo.Nangona kunjalo, kucingelwa ukuba umfundi unezakhono ezaneleyo zoomatshini kwaye unokusebenzisa izixhobo.Ngoko ke, imiyalelo ethile yemisebenzi efana nokufaka imibhobho kunye okanye ukubhola kunye nokucofa ayifakwanga.
Njengayo yonke imisebenzi yomsebenzi, izenzo ezilungileyo zokhuseleko kufuneka zilandelwe ngokungqongqo xa udala izixhobo zokuqeqesha.Ngokomzekelo, ukufakela ukufakelwa okugxininisa i-cylinder yegesi kufuna ukubhobhoza kunye nokucofa udonga olusecaleni lwe-cylinder yegesi.Le nkqubo yodwa inokubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobungozi. , ukusuka kumasuntswana abhabha ngaphandle kwemingxuma yokugrumba enokonakalisa amehlo, ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali, umlilo okanye ukuqhuma (ukuba i-cylinder iqulethe imveliso eshiyekileyo) .Ngabasebenzi abanolwazi ngeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko kufuneka benze le misebenzi.
Umbhobho wepayipi sisixhobo esikhululekile esihlanganiswe kwimibhobho yamanzi. Umbhobho wesinyithi owenziwe ngegalvanized kunye nezixhobo zinconywa ukuba zibe namandla, kodwa ukuba ubunzima buyinkxalabo, umbhobho wePVC unokusetyenziswa. Ugcino.Isixhobo sinokubonelelwa ngamanzi kusetyenziswa umbhobho wegadi okanye nawuphi na umthombo wamanzi ofanelekileyo.
Amanqaku ahlukeneyo okukhulula anokulinganiswa ngokusebenzisa ii-racks zombhobho ukulinganisa imisebenzi yokulondoloza.Ngokomzekelo, imingxuma yobukhulu obuhlukeneyo kunye nemilo inokubhotywa, inqunywe okanye ifakwe kwimibhobho.Abafundi baya kufuna ukulungisa le mibhobho ngokusebenzisa iikliphu zokulungisa imibhobho okanye into efanayo yesikhashana. Ngokunjalo, uqhagamshelo olukhululekileyo okanye izifakelo zinokubangela ukuvuza.Oku kufuna ukuba umfundi asebenzise isikrufu esifanelekileyo ukuze aqinise uqhagamshelo ukunqanda ukuvuza.Eminye imithombo yokukhululwa inokuyekwa ngokulula ngokuvala ivalve.
Izinto ezifana nee-racks zombhobho zingasetyenziselwa ukufundisa iinkqubo ezilungileyo zokusebenza.Ngokomzekelo, abafundi banokuboniswa ukuba ngokubeka isitya phantsi kwe-valve yesango kunye nokuvula i-valve ngaphambi kokuba baqalise umsebenzi wokulungisa, banokukhawulelana neninzi yokuchitheka okwenzeka ngexesha. utyando ngelixa behlisa uxinzelelo kwindawo evuzayo abayilungisayo, ngaloo ndlela benyusa ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwabo lobuqu.
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu ezibonelelwa ngezixhobo ezifana neerakhi zemibhobho kukuguquguquka.Ubungakanani kunye nodidi lwemibhobho, izifakelo, kunye nomonakalo kuzo zilinganiselwe kuphela ziinjongo zoqeqesho, iimfuno zabafundi, kunye nentelekelelo yomqeqeshi.Kwakhona, ootitshala bangaziguqula ngokulula izixhobo. .
I-Universal Containment Training Device (eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Leak Monster") yakhiwe kwitanki ye-30-gallon yombane wokufudumeza amanzi.Isixhobo senzelwe ukuvumela umkhuba kwiinjongo eziqhelekileyo zeplagi / patch okanye ukulungiswa kokuvuza.
Yalela abafundi ukuba balungise ukuvuza kwamanzi xa kusenzeka. Ikhithi esele idityanisiwe ibonelelwe apho kufuneka bakhethe khona izixhobo zokusebenza kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza zokulungisa. Njengoko ukuvuza okusele kukho kumiswa, ukuvuza okutsha kuya kuvela njengoko inqanaba lamanzi etankini linyuka. Njengoko i-CLEAR isebenzisa esi sixhobo, abaqeqeshwayo benza ezi nkqubo zilandelayo ukulungisa konke ukuvuza:
Fakela i-112″ ikliphu yokulungisa umbhobho kumngxuma omkhulu kumbhobho wokungena (uvumela amanzi ukuba angene kwitanki);
Sebenzisa ikhonkco kunye nomthwalo wokuncamathelisa ukutshixa i-gasket kunye nepleyiti yangasemva yesinyithi kumngxuma omkhulu omise ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwi-sidewall;
Fakela ivalve yesango evuleke ngokupheleleyo kumbhobho wokufaka umphezulu wetanki, emva koko uvale ngokupheleleyo ivalve.
Owona mbhobho uphezulu uqhagamshelwe kwitanki uneebhola ezintandathu zeping pong. Ukuba onke amanyathelo amathandathu enziwe ngokuchanekileyo, umlambo wamanzi uya kuzivuthela ezi bhola ziphume kumphezulu wombhobho xa kuvalwa ivalve yesango. Oku kusebenza njengophawu olubonakalayo isiphumo esiyimpumelelo.
I-cylinder ye-chlorine eyi-150 yangempela isetyenziswe njengesiseko sesixhobo.Isilinda sanikezelwa kwi-UAB / CLEAR emva kokuchithwa ngumthengisi wendawo.Ii-cylinders zinokucinezelwa, zivumela abafundi ukuba benze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokulungisa i-chlorine.Ubuchule obuchazwe apha ingasetyenziselwa ukucinezela izikhongozeli zeetoni.
I-cylinder ixinzelelwe ngomoya ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifakwe kwiindonga ezisecaleni. Oku kufuna ukugrumba umngxuma kwitanki kunye nokufaka i-14" ye-NPT. ayinanto phambi kokugrumba, ukusika, ukuwelda, okanye ukwenza nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi kwisikhongozeli.I-fitting CLEAR isebenzisa ukudibanisa umgca womoya kwisilinda yinto ejikelezayo jikelele ngoko umbhobho usoloko ukhomba ezantsi ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka.
Uxinzelelo, i-CLEAR isebenzisa i-cylinder ye-SCBA enikezela umoya malunga ne-2,200 psi. I-regulator yamanqanaba amabini yayisetyenziselwa ukugcina uxinzelelo lwe-cylinder kwi-30 psi. "I-T" kwi-airline ivumela iisilinda ze-150 lb kunye neetoni ze-1 ukuba zicinezele ukusuka umlawuli ofanayo.Zonke uxhulumaniso zixhotyiswe ngeziqhagamshelo ezikhawulezayo ukulungiselela ukudibanisa okulula kunye nokuchithwa.Ukusebenzisa i-regulator ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kubalulekile ukunciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene noxinzelelo.Nangona kunjalo, nangona xa i-decompressed, abaqeqeshi bahlala bekhona ngexesha lemisebenzi yabafundi ukukhusela abafundi ukuba bathathe ngokungakhuselekanga. izenzo, njengokuma ngqo phambi kwezincedisi kunye nokuzikhulula.
Abafundi basebenza ngababini ukuze balungise iklorine. Phambi kokuba iqela ngalinye lifike, abahlohli kwisikhululo sokusebenza baqinisekisa ukuba kukho iindawo ezivuzayo ezininzi zokulungisa. ) kunye nokuvula ivalve.Kwakhona, ivalve yonke inokukhululeka kancinane kwi-cylinder.Abafundi banikwa ibhotile yokutshiza enesisombululo esepha ukuze bayisebenzise ukufumanisa ukuvuza.Kwimisebenzi yokwenene yokulungisa iklorini, ukuphuphuma ugwebu kwefilimu yesepha ekuvuzeni. indawo ithatha indawo yokusetyenziswa kwesisombululo seammonia ukubhaqa ukuvuza.
Abathathi-nxaxheba banikezelwa kwiikiti ze-Chlorine Institute "A" ezingxamisekileyo zemisebenzi yokulondoloza.Ekuqaleni, basebenzise izixhobo ezinikezelwe kwikiti ukumisa ukuvuza kwindawo yevalve ngokuqinisa ukudibanisa okanye ukuvala i-valve.Emva koko, umqeqeshi wasusa i-valve. i-outlet cap, wavula ivalve, kwaye wayalela iqela ukuba liqhubeke ngokungathi livuza kwaye indlela yangaphambili ayiyi kuyeka. Okwangoku, umfundi kuya kufuneka afakele i-hood assembly ebonelelwe ngekiti "A" kwi-cylinder. Ivalve.Enye inketho kukuxhobisa i-cylinder ngevalve eyonakaliswe ngamabom ukuze indibano ye-hood ifakwe.
Isiseko sesixhobo yintloko yebhokisi yebhokisi efakwe kwisakhelo sensimbi, exhotywe ngee-casters, izibambo kunye namakhonkco okuphakamisa.CLEAR uthenge le mveliso kumthengisi wezentengiso we-chlorine aids yoqeqesho.Esi sixhobo okwangoku sixhunywe kumanzi. ivalve kunye neplagi yefusible esezantsi ngomgca wamanzi.
I-valve ye-steam kwi-toni yoqeqesho yokuncedisa i-container ixinzelelwe ngokufakela umoya ofakwe kumbhobho wokukhupha ophezulu.Iyunithi ixinzelelwe ngumthombo womoya ofanayo kunye nomlawuli njenge-cylinder ye-150 lb.
Intloko yesikhongozeli setoni isetyenziswa kakhulu ngendlela efanayo nesilinda esine-150-pound esetyenziswa ekuqeqesheni.Ezona zinxaxhi ziphambili ziiplagi zeplagi ezahlukeneyo kunye nemfuneko yekhithi yeChlorine Institute “B” yokulungiswa kweetoni zeetoni.
Iingqwalasela ezifanayo ezinxulumene neengozi zoxinzelelo ezixutyushwa kwiisilinda ze-150-pounds zisebenza kwimisebenzi yoqeqesho ebandakanya iintloko zeetoni.Kufuneka izilumkiso ezifanayo zokhuseleko.
Xa uqeqesho ngezi zixhobo, njengawo onke amaxesha, ukhuseleko lomqeqeshi kufuneka lube yeyona nto iphambili. Umqeqeshi ujonga ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umqeqeshwa akazibandakanyi kwindlela yokuziphatha enokubabeka emngciphekweni.Ukongezelela, iingozi zokhuseleko kwindawo, ezifana neemeko ezinodaka, zinokuvela xa kuqeqeshwa ngezixhobo ezisekelwe emanzini.
Izixhobo ezichazwe apha zinezinto ezininzi kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukuzivocavoca okulula ukufundisa izakhono ezisisiseko zokuzibamba, kunye nokuzivocavoca okunzima njengokulinganisa iziganeko.Nangona kunjalo, naliphi na ixesha isixhobo esinjengale siphunyezwa kwinkqubo yoqeqesho, iinjongo zoqeqesho kufuneka zibe ngokupheleleyo. kuqwalaselwe.Akukho nanye kwezi zixhobo zifanelekileyo ukuqeqeshwa ngaphantsi kwegcisa.
Iimfuno ezifunekayo nazo ziyingqwalaselo ebalulekileyo.Abafundi bekhosi ye-UAB/CLEAR yohlaziyo lobuchwephesha bangoku bayafuneka ukuba balungise ukuvuza kwezixhobo ezithathu ezahlukeneyo (izixhobo zokuqeqesha eziqulathe zonke iindawo, i-150-pound chlorine cylinder, kunye ne-1-toni ye-chlorine yentloko yesikhongozeli) ngelixa. ukunxiba i-suit ye-Class B. Izixhobo zoKhuseleko zoMntu (i-PPE) .Bonke abaqeqeshwayo baye bafumana uqeqesho kunye namava ekunxibeni izixhobo zokukhusela kwimisebenzi yokulondoloza.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba zonke iinjongo eziyimfuneko (ezifana neenkqubo zokukhusela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwePPE) zihlanganiswe ekuqaleni kwekhosi. , ukuzivocavoca okufanayo kunokusetyenziswa kuqeqesho lokuqala lwenqanaba lobuchwephesha.
Uninzi lwezixhobo zoyilo ezibandakanyiweyo kwinqaku zisebenza kwi-UAB / CLEAR izixhobo ezifumanekayo ngokukhawuleza kunye nezibonelelo.Ezi zicwangciso zisetyenziselwa ngokukodwa njengemizekelo kwaye zinokuguqulwa njengoko zifunekayo ukubandakanya amacandelo akhoyo kunye nokujongana neenjongo ezithile zomqeqeshi.Kuzo zonke iimeko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo injongo kukuvelisa izixhobo eziza kuvumela abaqeqeshwayo ukuba basebenzise iintlobo zeenkqubo zokuthintela ezinokufuneka ngexesha lomsebenzi ongxamisekileyo.n
U-ALAN VEASEY ngumququzeleli wenkqubo yoMsebenzi kunye neNkqubo yoKhuseleko lweNdalo kunye neMpilo eqhutywa yiZiko lezeMfundo yoMsebenzi kunye noPhando (UAB / CLEAR) kwiYunivesithi yaseAlabama eBirmingham.Uphethe iMasters kwiMfundo kwaye ngoku ugqiba iMasters kwi. IMpilo yoMsebenzi kunye noKhuseleko.UAB/CLEAR ibonelela ngoqeqesho lokulungiswa kwendawo yenkunkuma enobungozi kunye nezinto ezinobungozi zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ixhaswa ngemali yiNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS).
U-ALAN VEASEY ngumququzeleli wenkqubo yoMsebenzi kunye neNkqubo yoKhuseleko lweNdalo kunye neMpilo eqhutywa yiZiko lezeMfundo yoMsebenzi kunye noPhando (UAB / CLEAR) kwiYunivesithi yaseAlabama eBirmingham.UneMasters kwiMfundo kwaye ngoku uqhuba iMasters kwi. IMpilo yoMsebenzi kunye noKhuseleko.UAB/CLEAR ibonelela ngoqeqesho lokulungiswa kwendawo yenkunkuma enobungozi kunye nezinto ezinobungozi zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ixhaswa ngemali yiNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS).
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-17-2022
