I-EPA ibongoza isiXeko saseNew York ukuba silungise ukugcinwa kogutyulo

UJennifer Medina uthi rhoqo ukugcinwa kwamanzi amdaka kwikhaya lakhe laseQueens kudla imali yosapho lwakhe kwaye kubangela isifo sombefu. Ngolunye usuku olwalunetha ehlotyeni, umama waseBrooklyn wabantwana abane wayekhulelwe umntwana wakhe wesihlanu xa weva amanzi egalela kwigumbi lakhe elingaphantsi. Wehla ngezinyuko waphantse wakhala. ilindle. “Ibiyilindle, bekusele iveki phambi kokuba ndibe nosana lwam ndacoca yonke into – iihempe zangaphantsi, iipyjama, izitulo zemoto, iikhareji, iistrollers, yonke into,” utshilo lo mama obengafuni nokuchaza igama lakhe ukhululwe kuba esoyika ukulibaziseka. intlawulo yomonakalo webango lakhe kwisixeko. "Ndaqala ukwenza iividiyo zomyeni wam ukuze andixelele ukuba ndiyeke njani, kwaye ke ndafana 'oh abantwana bam, balekani izitebhisi' - kuba ifikelela emaqatheni," kusho uMead. Umhlali waseWood uthe. I-backup ikwangumba kwindawo yakhe, utshilo uJennifer Medina, 48, umhlali waseQueens kumgama oziikhilomitha ezimbalwa. Uthe ubuncinci kanye ngonyaka, ilindle liphuphuma kwigumbi lakhe elingaphantsi kwaye ivumba elibi, eligulisayo lizalise indlu. “Ihlala iyingxaki, kutsha nje kunakuqala,” utshilo u-Medina, esongeza ukuba i-backup ibe ngumba ukusukela oko usapho lomyeni wakhe lwathenga indlu kufutshane ne-South Ozone Park ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-38 eyadlulayo. Uninzi lwabemi baseNew York bayakoyika ukuhamba emvuleni, kodwa kwabanye abahlali basezixekweni, ukuhlala ekhaya akulunganga. Kwezinye iindawo, ilindle elingacocwanga litsalwa kwizindlu zangasese ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi, iishawa kunye nemisele ngexesha leemvula ezinkulu, iiseyile eziphuphumayo ezinevumba lelindle elingacocwanga. nenkunkuma yabantu engacocwanga. Kuninzi lwaba bahlali, le ngxaki asiyonto intsha. U-Medina uthe utsalele umnxeba u-311, umnxeba wesixeko woncedo olungabeki emngciphekweni, izihlandlo ezininzi ukuze ancede ekucombululeni lo mbhodamo onyanyekayo kunye neendleko ezinkulu. “Kufana nokuba abakhathali. Benza ngokungathi asiyongxaki yabo,” utshilo uMedina ngempendulo yesixeko.* Nangona ukukhutshelwa kwamanzi amdaka emilanjeni nakwimijelo yamanzi ejikeleze isiXeko saseNew York kuye kwaqwalaselwa kakhulu, iindawo zokuhlala ezikhuselweyo zogutyulo eziye zathwaxa. Ezinye iibhloko zesixeko kangangamashumi eminyaka zifumene ingqwalasela encinane. Ingxaki ibixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo zaseBrooklyn, eQueens naseStaten Island, kodwa yenzeka kuluntu kuzo zontlanu iidolophu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isixeko sizamile ukulungisa le ngxaki, kunye neziphumo ezixubeneyo.Ngoku i-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo (EPA) ingena.Ngo-Agasti ophelileyo, i-arhente ikhuphe umyalelo wokuthotyelwa kwesigqeba esinyanzelisa ukuba isixeko sithathele ingqalelo imiba ekudala ikho. "Isixeko sinembali ebhaliweyo ye-backups yangaphantsi kunye nogutyulo olungena kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo," utshilo uDouglas McKenna, umlawuli we-EPA wokuthotyelwa kwamanzi, kwidatha isixeko esinikezelwe kwi-EPA. Ngokomyalelo, isixeko "asizange silungise ukuphulwa kwesantya kunye nesikali esiyimfuneko ukukhusela abahlali." Le arhente yathi ezi zigcino zibhentsise abahlali kwilindle elingacocwanga, yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.I-backups ikwaphule uMthetho waManzi acocekileyo ngokuvumela amanzi amdaka angacocwanga ukuba alahlwe kwimizila yamanzi ekufutshane. Ngokukhupha lo myalelo (uthi uMcKenna awusosohlwayo), i-EPA ifuna ukuba isixeko sithobele uMthetho waManzi acocekileyo, siphuhlise kwaye siphumeze isicwangciso sokusebenza nokugcinwa, izikhalazo ezingcono zamaxwebhu kunye nokwandisa ukungafihli ekusombululeni le miba.Isikhalazo. siwenza ngokusesikweni umsebenzi esele siwenza isixeko, utshilo. Ngokweleta enikezelwe yi-EPA, isiXeko saseNew York safumana lo myalelo ngoSeptemba 2 kwaye sineentsuku ezili-120 zokuphumeza isicwangciso sokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwesicwangciso. Isicwangciso kufuneka siquke ulwandlalo lwamanyathelo esiya kuwathatha isixeko ukuthintela nokuphendula ngcono backups, "ngeyona njongo iphambili yokuphelisa inkqubo yokugcinwa kwamanzi amdaka ebanzi." Kwileta yomhla wama-23 kaJan, i-EPA ivume ulwandiso olucetywayo lwesixeko ukwandisa umhla wokugqibela wokungeniswa kwesicwangciso ukuya kuMeyi 31, 2017. UMcKenna ukwathe i-EPA nayo befuna ukungafihlisi ngakumbi kwisixeko.Ngokomzekelo, walatha kwingxelo "yeSimo soGutyulo", equka idatha ngenani lemijelo egciniweyo efunyenwe ngumasipala, kunye nolwazi malunga nezenzo zokulungisa isixeko esiphunyeziweyo.Uthe uMcKenna uthe ingxelo, ekufuneka ihlale esidlangalaleni, yayifumaneka ngo-2012 kunye no-2013, kodwa hayi kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ileta yomhla wama-23 kaJanuwari ibonisa ukuba isiXeko senze isindululo sokubuyisela ingxelo ye-EPA efunekayo "yeMeko yoGutyulo" (ngenxa ye-EPA ngoFebruwari 15) kunye nedeshbhodi ebanjwe kwiwebhusayithi ye-DEP. I-EPA ayikasivuma isindululo kwaye i ukucela ulwazi oluthe vetshe kwisiXeko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi luyafikeleleka esidlangalaleni kwiwebhusayithi yeDEP kwaye ibandakanya amakhonkco acacileyo, kuquka imiyalelo yokufikelela kwidatha. ISebe lezaManzi laseNew York kunye neMijelo yoGutyulo alizange lichaze malunga nemiba ethile enxulumene nokugcinwa kogutyulo oluxeliweyo okanye umyalelo we-EPA, kodwa kwingxelo ethunyelwe nge-imeyile, isithethi sathi, “IsiXeko saseNew York sityale iibhiliyoni zeedola ekuphuculeni inkqubo yethu yamanzi amdaka. kunye nedatha yethu, indlela esebenzayo yokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwayo iphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka, kubandakanywa nokunciphisa i-33 yepesenti kwi-backups ye-sewer. Isithethi se-DEP sikwathe kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo, isebe lityale phantse i-16 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ekuphuculeni inkqubo yamanzi amdaka esixekweni kwaye liphumeze iinkqubo zokunciphisa isixa segrisi yasekhaya engena kule nkqubo, kwakunye neenkqubo zokunceda abaninimzi bagcine ubomi babo babucala. .umbhobho welindle izindlu zidla ngokudityaniswa nenkqubo yogutyulo lwedolophu ngemigca ehamba ukusuka kwindlu ukuya kwimibhobho yedolophu ephantsi kwesitalato.Ekubeni ezi ziqhagamshelo zikwipropati yabucala, umnini-ndlu unoxanduva lokuzigcina.Ngokoqikelelo lwesixeko, ngaphezu koko. Iipesenti ezingama-75 zeengxelo zengxaki yogutyulo zibangelwa ziingxaki zemijelo yabucala yogutyulo lwelindle Isithethi seDEP sathi kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo, isebe lityale imali ephantse ibe li-16 leebhiliyoni zeerandi ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zamanzi amdaka zesiXeko saseNew York kwaye liphumeze iinkqubo zokunciphisa isixa segrisi yasekhaya. ukungena kwinkqubo, kunye neenkqubo zokunceda abaninimzi bagcine imijelo yabucala ehambisa amanzi amdaka. Kodwa isibini saseMedina kunye nabamelwane baso bathi igrisi ayiyongxaki yabo yaseQueens, okanye ukuvaleka komjelo wabucala ohambisa amanzi amdaka. “Sihlawule umtywini wemibhobho yamanzi ukuba eze kuyibona,” watsho uNksk. Umyeni wakhe uRoberto wakhulela kwindlu abahlala kuyo ngoku, athi unina wayithenga ekuqaleni kwe-1970s. "Ndakhula nayo," watsho, ebhekisela kwii-backups. "Ndafunda ukuhlala nayo." “Isisombululo sethu kule ngxaki kukuba kufakwe iithayile kwindawo engaphantsi, nto leyo enceda ekucoceni kuba siyayikorobha, siyifake ibleach,” utshilo. "Sifake i-backflow device kwaye yanceda, kodwa yayiyisiphakamiso esibiza kakhulu," watsho.Abanikazi bezindlu bafaka iivalve zokubuyisela kunye nezinye iivalve zokulawula ukuhamba ukuze kuthintelwe ukugeleza kwamanzi amdaka abuyele kumakhaya abo, nangona iinkqubo zedolophu zihluleka. Abahlali abaninzi kufuneka bafake iivalve ezinokuxabisa phakathi kwe-2,500 kunye ne-3,000 yeedola okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kulwakhiwo lwekhaya ngalinye, utshilo uJohn Good, igcisa lenkonzo yabathengi kwi-Balkan Plumbing. ivalve yokugcina) iquka isixhobo esivalayo xa amanzi amdaka eqala ukungena kumjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka esixeko. Emva kokuhlala kwikhaya lakhe eBronx ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-26, uFrancis Ferrer wathi wayesazi ukuba ukuba indlu yakhe yangasese ayigungxulwanga okanye igungxulwe kancinane, kukho undonakele. Abamelwane bam babedla ngokuza kundibuza ukuba ‘Ngaba unengxaki kuba sinengxaki?’ kwaye uyazi," watsho. Ibinje iminyaka engama-26, akukho nto unokuyenza ngayo. Yiloo nto, "uFerrer uthe. "Ilindle laphuma kwaye yonke into yayinuka ngenxa yokuba ngokwenene yayisendlini kuba umgibe wawusendlini." ULarry Miniccello uhlala kwindawo yase-Sheepshead Bay yaseBrooklyn iminyaka eyi-38. Wathi wayediniwe ukujongana ne-backups ye-sewer rhoqo kwaye wafaka i-valve yokubuyisela kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. "Ukuba awunalo uhlobo lwesivalo sokugcina amanzi angaxhasi, uya kutsha kule ngingqi - akukho mathandabuzo malunga nalo," watsho. "Into eyenzekayo kukuba xa ndiyiphakamisa kancinci, yakhupha, kwaye yayilindle. Kwafuneka ndisebenzise isando sam ukuyibetha ndiyicinezele. Yayibusuku obubi," utshilo. Ilungu leBhunga lesiXeko saseNew York u-Chaim Deutsch limele uMinichello kunye nabamelwane bakhe kwiWadi ye-48 yaseBrooklyn. “Abantu bayayiqhela le nto kwaye balindele ukuba nanini na imvula ine ngamandla, kufuneka bajonge amagumbi abo angaphantsi,” utshilo uDeutsch. Uthe intlanganiso yanika i-DEP ithuba lokuva ngokuthe ngqo kubahlali.Abahlali bafunde malunga neevalvu abanokuthi bazifake kunye ne-inshurensi ekhoyo yokulungisa i-sewers yabanikazi bezindlu.I-American Water Resources ibonelela nge-inshurensi kubanikazi bezindlu ngeentlawulo zamanzi zenyanga. Kodwa kwanabo babhalisayo abagqunywanga ngenxa yomonakalo ngenxa yeengxaki zogutyulo lwedolophu, kunye nomonakalo wepropathi ngenxa yee-backups awugqunywanga, nokuba yintoni ingxaki. "Senza ukulungiswa kweendawo ezivaliweyo kwiintambo zombhobho wabathengi, kodwa umonakalo kwipropati yomntu kumakhaya abathengi ngenxa yokugcinwa kwe-backups akubandakanywanga yinkqubo," kusho uRichard Barnes, isithethi se-American Water Resources. Omnye wabaninimzi besiXeko saseNew York waba nenxaxheba kolu cwangciso. "Ezi azizisombululo," utshilo uDeutsch. "Ekupheleni kosuku, abantu abafanelanga ukugcinwa kogutyulo. Kufuneka senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukuze singahlali ngolu hlobo de kwenziwe into esisigxina." “Abantu bayiqhelile le nto kangangokuba abafowuneli kwa-311 kwaye ukuba awutsali umnxeba kwa-311 uchaze ukuba unombhobho owujongileyo, kuba ngathi ayizange yenzeke loo nto,” utshilo. Uluntu olubhala phantsi isikhalazo. "Baye benza inkqubela phambili ekunciphiseni i-backups ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-50 kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, sicinga ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba baqhubeke nale nkqubela phambili kwaye baphinde baphinde baphinde bafike nezinye iindlela zokunciphisa i-backups ngakumbi, "kusho uMcKenna. . UMinichello ubonisa ukuba inkqubo yogutyulo inceda abantu abaninzi kakhulu kunokuba yayiyilelwe ukuba ingaphathwa. "Andicingi ukuba kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba isixeko asiwenzi kakuhle umsebenzi waso, kuba oko akwenzeki rhoqo," kusho uMiccello. ." "Wonke umntu uyakhala malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu," kusho uMiccello. "Kuthekani ukuba siqala ukuna rhoqo - yintoni esimele sikhathazeke ngayo rhoqo xa kunetha? Uya kukuxelela, "watsho, enqwala umfazi wakhe uMarilyn. “Qho xa kunetha, ndiye ndehla, ndijonge izihlandlo ezithathu-mhlawumbi ngentsimbi yesi-3 kusasa ndive imvula inetha ndiye ndehla nje ndiqinisekisa ukuba akukho manzi angenayo kuba kufuneka ubambe kwangethuba. Nangona imvula inganyukanga, abahlali baseQueens bathi kukho into ekufuneka yenziwe.UNkskz Medina uchaze impendulo yesixeko njenge “delele” watsho esithi asinguye ojongene nalo mba, nto leyo ethe yamongeza udano. “Ibiyingxaki ukusukela oko sathenga [indlu], ngamanye amaxesha nokuba akunetha,” utshilo uBibi Hussain, 49, onyamekela umama wakhe osele ekhulile nowathenga le ndlu ngo-1989 .Ngomnye wabo. ipesenti encinci yabantu ababika "i-backup yemozulu eyomileyo," engenanto yakwenza nemozulu. "Asikwazi ukushiya nantoni na phantsi. Sigcina izinto eziphezulu ngenxa yokuba asisoze sazi ukuba kuya kubakho nini umkhukula, "kusho u-Hussain, wongezelela ukuba akukho mntu unokuchaza ukuba kutheni intsapho yakhe kufuneka ijongane ne-backup. NjengoMedina, uthe emva kwenkxaso nganye, usapho lwakhe luya kuhlawulela umntu osebenza ngemibhobho yamanzi owabaxelela ukuba ingxaki ikwinkqubo yesixeko.