Ukususela ngo-2012, iSebe lezaMandla lixoxa ngesiphakamiso sokwakha indawo yokulahla inkunkuma evela ekuchithweni kwezakhiwo kwi-Y-12, indawo equlethe i-radiation ephantsi yomgangatho ophantsi we-Manhattan Project umsebenzi owenziwa apho.
Amagosa ase-Federal akhethe indawo yamahlathi kwi-Oak Ridge Preserve, engekude ne-Y-12, kwi-headwaters ye-Bear Creek, equkuqela kwi-Clinch River.Abalawuli bezendalo e-Tennessee baye baphonononga izicwangciso kunye nokuhambisa izimvo iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.
Ngelixa amaqela asekuhlaleni okusingqongileyo evuma ukuba inkunkuma yamashumi eminyaka kufuneka iye ndaweni ithile, akucaci kwisindululo esinamaphepha ali-100 ukuba itiphu entsha iya kubakhusela njani abantu kunye nokusingqongileyo ekuvuzeni kwemitha.
“Ukuba uhambisa nje ungcoliseko olusuka kwizakhiwo ukuya emlanjeni, usenokuba uyalususa kwipropathi ye-DOE, kodwa awukucholi nyani,” utshilo u-Amanda Garcia weZiko loMthetho lezeNdalo ekuMazantsi. “Usasaza ngokubanzi eluntwini.”
Abagcini bendalo abathetha ne-Knox News abachasanga ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, kodwa bathi iinkcukacha zesicwangciso kunzima ukuzifumana.
I-Ofisi ye-Environmental Management yeSebe lezaMandla ibambe intlanganiso kawonke-wonke e-Oak Ridge ukucela izimvo zoluntu malunga nezicwangciso zayo zokwakha indawo yokulahla inkunkuma ye-radioactive ye-92-acre e-Bear Creek Valley. 210 Badger Ave, Oak Ridge, ukusuka 6-8 pm.
"ISebe lezaMandla livula ixesha leentsuku ze-30 kwaye libambe intlanganiso yoluntu ukunika iinkcukacha kunye nempendulo," isithethi se-DOE uBen Williams wabhala nge-imeyile kwi-Knox News. Imiba yasekuhlaleni enxulumene nemiba yezifundo echazwe kwi-fact sheet.q
Abalawuli bezendalo, abasebenzi baseTennessee abadla umhlala-phantsi beSebe loLondolozo lweNdalo kunye nabahlali base-Oak Ridge bathi iphepha lenyaniso lokulahla inkunkuma alizange lilungise imiba ethe gqolo ukusukela oko iprojekthi yacetywayo okokuqala malunga nowama-2011.
Ukuguqula inkunkuma ibe zizihlangu nempahla: ILabhoratri yeSizwe yase-Oak Ridge ijika ungcoliseko lube ngamafutha, iplastiki kunye…nempahla yodidi oluphezulu?
Boyika ukuba amanzi ngenye imini aza kukhukulisa itiphu, anokuthi ke achitheke kwaye athwale ungcoliseko ezantsi.
“Bayasibuyisela umva,” utshilo u-Axel Ringer, umongameli wezolondolozo lwe-Tennessee isahluko seSierra Club.” Besicela ulwazi oluthe kratya ukuze senze uluvo olucacileyo, kodwa abafuni.
URinger uthe iSebe lezaMandla alikwazanga ukubonelela ngedatha malunga nendlela amanzi aphantsi komhlaba aza kudlula ngayo kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma ecetywayo, uhlobo kunye nesixa senkunkuma eya kulahlwa, kunye nokuba inkunkuma iya kulimaza iBear Creek, esuswa ngokulula kwindawo edumileyo. . indlela yokuhamba.
I-DOE ayizange iphendule imibuzo ye-Knox News malunga neenkxalabo zoluntu. Kwizimvo zoluntu, nangona kunjalo, iSebe lezaMandla lase-US lathi alivumelani ngokupheleleyo nokugxeka ukuba iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ezikhoyo azilawulwa kakuhle. Kwakhona abavumelani ukuba indawo yokulahla inkunkuma entsha ifundwe ngokwaneleyo.
“Kukho amakhulu amaqula eBear Creek Valley anamashumi eminyaka edatha,” yabhala i-DOE. "Njengoko uyilo luqhubela phambili, uyilo luya kuguqulwa njengoko kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo idatha entsha."
Indawo entsha yokulahla inkunkuma iyilelwe ukwandisa umthamo wokulungiswa kwenkunkuma eqhuma ngemitha ekwinqanaba elisezantsi njengenxalenye yamashumi eminyaka ubudala yokucocwa kwezixhobo zenyukliya ezishiywe kwiProjekthi yaseManhattan kunye neMfazwe ebandayo.ISebe lezaMandla lase-US ngoku lisebenzisa enye indawo yokulahla inkunkuma, uLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo. Indawo yoLawulo lweNkunkuma, yokulahla inkunkuma eqhumayo ekwinqanaba elisezantsi.Isiza sigcwele ngama-80% kwaye sikwintshona ye-Y-12.
“Bathetha ngendlela eza kuqhutywa ngayo ngaphandle kweengxaki iminyaka engama-20,” utshilo uRinger.” Asiyonyani leyo. [Itiphu] yayinothotho lweziganeko eziphuphumayo ezazilahla ilindle elikrwada eBear Creek.”
Iqela leenjineli zasekuhlaleni kwiDyunivesithi yaseVirginia lifumanise ukuba amanzi avuzayo adlula kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma yangoku anangaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini kumndilili ovumelekileyo wokuxinana kweuranium emanzini okusela.
Ukususela malunga ne-2011, iSebe lezaMandla, i-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo kunye neSebe lezeNdalo kunye noKhuseleko laseTennessee baye baxoxa ngokutsha ngokutsha kwenkunkuma.Ii-arhente ezintathu ziye zanqunyanyiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo malunga nezicwangciso zeSebe lezaMandla, zichaza ukungabikho kokucacileyo kunye neenkcukacha. Iingxabano zihlala zichukumisa amagosa eWashington, DC
"Kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba iinjongo kunye neendlela ekufuneka i-EPA kunye ne-TDEC zigqibe ngayo kukuba (inkunkuma) ikhusela impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo," utshilo uGarcia. kungasathethwa ke ngoluntu.”
Idrafti yamva nje yesicwangciso esicetywayo sokulahla inkunkuma iyaqhubeka nokubetha i-EPA kunye ne-TDEC malunga nokucaca kunye nemiba yolawulo.
UGarcia uthe amaxwebhu ahlaziyiweyo enziwe afumaneke kuluntu awazange ajongane nezi zinto zixhalabisayo. .
"Ukulibazisa uvavanyo olukhulu lokuba i-liner iyakhusela kwaye ithintela ukosuleleka ekungeneni kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba yinto enkulu," utshilo uGarcia.
Le yayiyingxaki kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma yangaphambili.Uphicotho-zincwadi lweSebe lezaMandla e-US lufumanise ukuba umthamo wangoku weendawo zokulahla inkunkuma uzaliswe yinkunkuma engeyongozi ekungafuneki ukuba ilahlwe apho. bengazi ngezigunyaziso zikarhulumente zokunciphisa inkunkuma yemekyuri, kwaye abakwazanga ukunika ulwazi malunga nokuba yeyiphi na inkunkuma elahliweyo ngexesha lophicotho-zincwadi.
Ibhunga lesiXeko sase-Oak Ridge u-Alan Smith wabhala kwizimvo zoluntu kwiSebe lezaMandla lase-US ngo-2018: pUkuba indawo kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma ekhoyo isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, iSebe lezaMandla alinako ukukhawuleza ukufumana iindawo ezintsha zokulahla. Itiphu. Inyaniso yokuba i-DOE ayisayi kusichazela ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokwamkelwa kwenkunkuma kule ndawo yokulahla inkunkuma, kwaye luqwalaselo olunciphisa ukuzithemba okunokubakho koluntu kwisigqibo se-DOE.”
UDale Rector, owayengumqeshwa we-TDEC owayesebenza kwi-Oak Ridge Conservation Area iminyaka eyi-24, wathi indawo entsha ayizange ifumane imilinganiselo yokwamkelwa kwenkunkuma eneenkcukacha. Oku kubalulekile ekuyileni iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma ukuze kuthintelwe ukungena kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye nokuvavanya imingcipheko yokusingqongileyo kunye nempilo yoluntu.
"Ukuba amanzi angena kuyo, kufuneka aphume kuyo," utshilo uRector."Kungenjalo inkunkuma iya kuhluthwa njengesihluzi seti."
Ngaphambili inqununu yayisayine ileta evulelekileyo nabanye ababefudula bengabasebenzi be-TDEC echaza iinkxalabo malunga nokungacaci kweenkcukacha zeprojekthi yokulahla itiphu. .
“Ingxelo yesigqibo idla ngokuba luxwebhu olufutshane oluthi, ‘Sonke siyakwamkela oku,’” watsho uRector ngamaqumrhu abandakanyeke ekuyileni nasekuwongameleni lo msebenzi.” Akukho namnye owavumayo nantoni na yaye basinika ingxelo yeso sigqibo. .”
I-Knox News ibuze ukuba ngaba i-TDEC, i-EPA kunye ne-DOE bafikelele kwimvumelwano.Isithethi se-DOE u-Ben Williams uthe i-arhente "ibambisene kwaye yafikelela kwimvumelwano" kwimiba ephakanyiswe kwiphepha leenkcukacha.
Isithethi se-TDEC uKim Schofinski wabhala: "Nangona ukuvumelana okukwinqanaba eliphezulu kuye kwafikelelwa kwimiba ekuthethwa ngayo kwiphepha lobungqina, uhlaziyo olupheleleyo lwerekhodi yesigqibo (uyilo lwesibini) kufuneka luhlaziywe ngaphambi kokuba i-TDEC ivunywe ngokusemthethweni."
Kwizimvo zoluntu, i-DOE igxininise ukuba "iyakuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zolawulo ezinxulumene nokulahlwa kwemekyuri" kwaye indlela yokwamkelwa kwenkunkuma "iya kuthathwa kwimimiselo ekhoyo yelizwe kunye neyendalo engqongileyo."
Yonke le nkqubo yayinxunguphele, utshilo uVirginia Dyer, umhlali wase-Oak Ridge, ilungu leGqwetha le-Oak Ridge Conservation kunye nowayesakuba yi-Oak Ridge National Laboratory ecologist.
UDyer uthe wenze oku ukuze abantwana bakhe nabazukulwana bakhe bahlale kamnandi e-Oak Ridge.Ukwathe ufuna ukwenziwa elubala ukuze uluntu luthathe izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga neendawo zokulahla inkunkuma.Ufuna iSebe lezaMandla livule emva kokuva izimvo zoluntu kwintlanganiso.
“Andiziva ngathi ndilitshantliziyo,” watsho uDyer.” Ndingumakhulu. … Ndiyathemba ukuba i-Oak Ridge iza kuphakanyiswa njengegama elenza into elungileyo.”
Ixesha lokuposa: May-17-2022
