Izivalo zemibhobho zikuyo yonke indawo. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki, ezi nkalo nje ezi-4 ziyafuneka ukusombulula iivalve zemibhobho. Yintoni esifanele sinikele ingqalelo kuyo xa sizifakela?
Yeyiphi imisebenzi yeevalvu zemibhobho?
Ukuyifaka njani?
Zithetha ntoni iimpawu eziqhelekileyo?
Ukuba kukho impazamo, ungayilungisa njani? Imisebenzi emi-4 yevalve yombhobho
Okokuqala, nqumla kwaye ukhulule i-medium
Lo ngumsebenzi osisiseko wevalve, ngokuqhelekileyo ukhetha i-valve yokudlula ngokuthe tye, ukuchasana kwayo ukuhamba kuncinci.
Ivalve evalekileyo eya ezantsi (ivalve yeglowubhu, ivalve yeplunger) ngenxa yendlela yayo yokuqukuqela, ukuchasana nokuqukuqela kuphezulu kunezinye iivalve, ngoko ke kukhethwe kancinci. Iivalvu ezivaliweyo zingasetyenziswa apho ukuchasana kokuhamba okuphezulu kuvunyelwe.
Okwesibini, lawula ukuhamba
Ivalve ekulula ukuyilungisa idla ngokukhethwa ukulawula ukuhamba. Iivalvu ZOKUVALA eziya ezantsi (ezifana neevalvu zeglowubhu) ZIYIFANELE LE NJONGO KUBA Ubungakanani besitulo BULINGANISELELE NE-STROKE OF SHUTOFF.
IIVAVAVA ezijikelezayo (i-PLUG, ibhabhathane, iivalve zeBHOLA) kunye ne-FLEXURE BODY VALVES (I-PINCH, i-DIAPHRAGM) ZIKHONA UKULAWULWA OKUTHUKUTHELA, kodwa NGOKUQHELEKILEYO KUPHELA kuluhlu olulinganiselweyo lwe-valve DIAMETERS.
I-VALVE yesango YIsango elimilise idiskhi kwizibuko lesihlalo esisetyhula ukwenza intshukumo enqamlezileyo, ikufutshane kuphela kwindawo evaliweyo, inokulawula ngcono ukuhamba, ngoko ayiqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa kulawulo lokuhamba.
Okwesithathu, ukutshintshwa kwe-shunt
Ivalve inokuba nemijelo emithathu okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwimfuno yokubuyisela umva kunye nokujika. Iivalve zeplagi kunye nebhola zifaneleke ngakumbi kule njongo, kwaye ngoko ke, iivalve ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela umva kunye nokuguqula zikhethwa njengenye yezi valve.
Nangona kunjalo, KWEZINYE IZIXHOBO, ezinye IINTLOBO ZEVAVAVA ZINOKUSETYENZISWA NJENGEZIPHUMULI ZOTHUTHO, NGOKUBA AMAVAVAVU AMABINI okanye ANGAPHEZULU aqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo enye kwenye.
4. Phakathi kunye namasuntswana amisiweyo
Xa i-medium ngamasuntswana amisiweyo, ** ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwamacandelo okuvala ecaleni kwendawo yokutywina yevalve etyibilikayo enentshukumo yokusula.
Ukuba UKUVALWA KUNQUMILE EMVA NAPHAMBI KWESIHLALO, AMANQAKU ANOKUBANJISWA, NGOKO LE VALIVI IFANELE KUPHELA I-MEDIA ECOCEKILEYO NGOKUPHANDLE NGAPHANDLE KOKUBA UMSEBENZI WOKUtywina UVUMELEKILE UKUBA AMANQAKU ANGABHINWE. Iivalve zebhola kunye neeplagi zeplagi zisula indawo yokutywina ngexesha lokuvula nokuvala, ngoko ke zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwimidiya kunye neengqungquthela ezimisiwe. Iingxaki ezi-3 zokufakela iivalve zepayipi
I. Jonga phambi kofakelo
1. Khangela ngononophelo ukuba imodeli yevalve kunye neenkcukacha ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo.
2. Jonga ukuba ingaba isiqu kunye nediski zivuleke ngokulula kwaye azixinganga okanye azigxwanga.
3. Khangela ukuba ivalve yonakele kusini na, nokuba umsonto wevalve ephothiweyo uthe tye kwaye awugungqi.
4. Jonga ukuba ngaba indibaniselwano yesitulo kunye nomzimba wevalvu iqinile, idiskhi yevalvu kunye nesitulo sevalvu, isigqubuthelo sevalvu kunye nomzimba wevalvu, uqhagamshelo phakathi kwesikhondo sevalvu kunye nediski yevalvu.
5. Khangela ukuba i-valve padding, ukupakisha kunye ne-fasteners (iibholithi) zifanelekile kwiimfuno zendalo yokusebenza.
6. Indala okanye esetyenziswe ixesha elide ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kufuneka ichithwe, uthuli, isanti kunye nolunye udoti kufuneka lucocwe ngamanzi.
7.*** itywina lokuvula, khangela iqondo lokutywina, i-disc valve kufuneka ivalwe ngokuqinileyo.
2. Izibonelelo ngokubanzi zofakelo
1. Indawo yokufakela i-valve akufanele iphazamise ukusebenza, ukuchithwa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo, umbhobho kunye nomzimba we-valve ngokwawo, ngelixa uqwalasela ukubonakala kwendibano.
2. Kwiivalvu ezikwimibhobho ethe tye, fakela isiqu sevalve ukuya phezulu okanye kwi-engile ethile, musa ukufaka ivili lesandla ezantsi. Ivalve, isiqu kunye nevili lesandla kumbhobho wokuphakama okuphezulu kunokufakwa ngokuthe tye, kwaye ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwevalve kunokuqhutywa ukude ngetsheyini kwindawo ephantsi ethe nkqo.
3. Ulungelelwaniso olulinganayo, lucocekile kwaye luhle; Ivalve ekuphakameni, phantsi kwesiseko sokuvumela inkqubo, i-valve handwheel ukuya kwisifuba sokuphakama ** umsebenzi ofanelekileyo, ngokubanzi i-1.0-1.2m ukusuka emhlabeni ifanelekile, kwaye i-valve stem kufuneka ifakwe ecaleni kwendlela yomqhubi.
4. Ukuphakama komgca ophakathi kweevalve kwi-side-side-side riser kuhambelana ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye umgama womnatha phakathi kwee-handwheels awukho ngaphantsi kwe-100mm; Iivalvu ezikwicala necala kwimigca ethe tye kufuneka zigxadazwe ukunciphisa isithuba semibhobho.
5. Xa ufaka ii-valve ezinzima kwiimpompo zamanzi, abatshintshi bokushisa kunye nezinye izixhobo, izixhaso ze-valve kufuneka zibekwe; Xa i-valve iqhutywe rhoqo kwaye ifakwe ngaphezu kwe-1.8m ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenza, i-platform yokusebenza esisigxina kufuneka inikezelwe.
6. Ukuba kukho uphawu lotolo kumzimba wevalvu, indawo yotolo yindlela yokuhamba kwayo. Xa ufaka ivalve, qaphela ukuba utolo lukhomba kwicala elifanayo nephakathi kwipayipi.
7. Xa ufaka i-valve ye-flange, qinisekisa ukuba ubuso obubini be-flange buhambelana kunye ne-concentric, kwaye ungasebenzisi ii-gaskets ezimbini.
8. Xa ufaka i-valve ene-threaded, i-valve ene-threaded iya kuxhotyiswa ngokuxhamla okuphilayo ukwenzela ukuchithwa lula. Ukusetwa koqhagamshelo oluphilayo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukulungelwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhamba kwamanzi ngevalve kwaye emva koko kuqhagamshelo oluphilayo.
Eyesithathu, imiqathango yofakelo
1. Isixhobo somzimba we-valve ubukhulu becala benziwe ngentsimbi, i-brittle, ngoko ayinakuchaphazeleka zizinto ezinzima.
2. Xa uphethe i-valve, ungavumeli ukuphosa; XA UPHAKAMISA NOKUPHAKAMISA Ivalve, Intambo KUFUNEKA ibotshelelwe kumzimba wevalvu, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukubotshelelwa kwivili lesandla, isiqu sevalve kunye nomngxuma webholithi yeflange.
3. I-valve kufuneka ifakwe kwindawo efanelekileyo kakhulu yokusebenza, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa. Akuvumelekanga ukungcwaba ngaphantsi komhlaba. I-valve kumbhobho kwindawo engcwatyelwe ngokuthe ngqo kunye nomsele kufuneka ixhotyiswe kunye negumbi lokuhlola kakuhle, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuvula, ukuvala kunye nokulungiswa kwevalve.
4. Qinisekisa ukuba intambo icocekile kwaye ayonakaliswanga, kwaye usonge intambo ngehemp, ioyile ekhokelayo okanye ibhanti lezinto ezikrwada zePTFE. Xa uguqula i-buckle, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-wrench kwi-jam kwaye ujike umzimba we-valve ye-hexagonal kwelinye icala lombhobho.
5. Xa ufaka i-valve ene-flanged, nikela ingqalelo ekuqiniseni ibholithi yokudibanisa kunye ne-diagonal direction, kwaye usebenzise amandla xa ujija ukukhusela i-gasket ukuba ibaleke okanye ibangele i-deformation kunye nomonakalo kumzimba we-valve.
6. Ivalve kufuneka igcinwe ivaliwe ngexesha lofakelo. Kwiivalve ZE-THREADED kufuphi nodonga, kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukususa i-stem, i-disc kunye ne-handwheel ukujika. Ngexesha lokuqhaqha, i-valve kufuneka isuswe emva kokuguqula i-handwheel ukugcina i-valve ivulekile. Iindlela ezi-6 zokufakela eziqhelekileyo iivalve zepayipi
A, ivalve yesango,
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-valve yesango, kukusetyenziswa kwesango ukulawula ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwevalve, ngokuguqula icandelo elinqamlezayo ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba kombhobho kunye nokuvulwa kunye nokuvala umbhobho. Ivalve yesango isetyenziselwa ulwelo oluphakathi ukuvula ngokupheleleyo okanye umsebenzi wokuvala ngokupheleleyo wombhobho.
Ufakelo lwevalvu yesango ngokubanzi ngaphandle kweemfuno zendlela, kodwa ayikwazi ukuguqulwa.
Mbini. Ivalve yokumisa
Ivalve esebenzisa idiski ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvala. Ngokutshintsha ukucocwa phakathi kwediski kunye nesihlalo, oko kukuthi, ukuguqula ubungakanani becandelo leshaneli ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba okuphakathi okanye ukunqumla indlela ephakathi. Nika ingqalelo kwicala lokuhamba kolwelo xa ufaka ivalve yeglowubhu.
Ufakelo ivelufa yeglowubhu kufuneka ihambelane nomgaqo othi, ulwelo olukumbhobho osuka ezantsi ukuya kumngxunya wevalve, owaziwa njenge “low ukuya phezulu”, musa ukufaka umva.
Isithathu, khangela ivalve
Ivalve yokukhangela, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-valve yokutshekisha, ivalve yokukhangela, ivalve kwivalve ngaphambi nangemva kokumahluko koxinzelelo phantsi kwesenzo sokuvula nokuvala ngokuzenzekelayo, indima yayo kukwenza i-medium kuphela yenza ulwalathiso olunye lokuhamba, kwaye uthintele i-valve yokukhangela i-valve. ukubuya umva okuphakathi.
Khangela ivalve ngokwesakhiwo sayo esahlukileyo, kukho uhlobo lokuphakamisa, uhlobo lokujingi kunye nohlobo lwebhabhathane. Phakamisa uhlobo lokukhangela ivalve kunye neendawo ezithe tye nezithe nkqo.
Xa ufaka i-valve yokutshekisha, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe kwakhona kwi-flow direction of medium.
Isine, ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo
1. Iqela levalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo olufakwe ngokuthe nkqo lucwangciswa ngokubanzi eludongeni kumphakamo ofanelekileyo ukusuka emhlabeni; Isethi yevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo efakwe ngokuthe tye ifakwe ngokubanzi kwiqonga lokusebenza ngokusisigxina.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kwiivalve ezimbini zokulawula (ezihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-valve yeglowubhu) ngaphandle kwodonga, zenza i-bracket, i-bypass pipe iphinde ifakwe kwi-bracket, ukulinganisa kunye nokulungelelanisa.
3. Ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kufuneka ifakwe ime nkqo kumbhobho othe tye, ungathobeki, utolo olukumzimba wevalvu kufuneka lwalathe kwicala lokuhamba okuphakathi, lungabuyi umva.
4. I-valve yokumisa kunye ne-high and low pressure gauges kufuneka ifakwe kumacala omabini ukujonga utshintsho loxinzelelo ngaphambi nangemva kwevalve. Idayamitha yombhobho emva kwevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kufuneka ibe yi-2#-3# inkulu kunobubanzi bombhobho wokungena phambi kwevalve, kwaye ifakelwe ngombhobho wokugqitha ukugcinwa.
5. Umbhobho wokulinganisa uxinzelelo wevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwefilimu kufuneka udityaniswe kumbhobho ophantsi. Ivalve yokhuseleko iya kumiselwa kumbhobho woxinzelelo oluphantsi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo.
6. Xa isetyenziselwa ukuchithwa kwe-steam, umbhobho wokukhupha kufuneka ubekwe. Kwiinkqubo zombhobho ezineemfuno eziphezulu zokucoca, izihlungi kufuneka zibekwe phambi kwevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
7. Emva kokufakwa kweqela le-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, i-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye ne-valve yokukhusela kufuneka ihlolwe, ihlanjwe kwaye ilungiswe ngokweemfuno zoyilo, kwaye uphawu oluhlengahlengisiweyo kufuneka lwenziwe.
8. Xa ugungxula ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, vala ivalve yokungena ye-decompressor kwaye uvule ivalve yokugungxula ukuze ugungxule.
Isihlanu, umgibe
1. Ivalve yokusika (ivalve yeglowubhu) kufuneka imiselwe ngaphambi nasemva kwayo, kwaye isihluzi kufuneka sibekwe phakathi komgibe kunye nevalve yokusika yangaphambili ukukhusela ukungcola kwi-condensate ekuthinteleni umgibe.
2. Umbhobho wokutshekisha kufuneka usetwe phakathi komgibe kunye nevalve yokusikwa yangasemva ukujonga ukuba umgibe usebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukuba umbhobho wokukhangela uvuliwe kwaye inani elikhulu le-steam liveliswa, libonisa ukuba umgibe uphukile kwaye ufuna ukugcinwa.
3. Umbhobho we-bypass umiselwe ukukhupha umthamo omkhulu wamanzi adibeneyo ngexesha lokuqalisa ukunciphisa umthwalo wokukhupha umgibe.
4. Xa i-trap isetyenziselwa ukususa amanzi e-condensate kwisixhobo esishushu, kufuneka ifakwe phantsi kwezixhobo ezitshisayo ukwenzela ukuba umbhobho we-condensate unokudibaniswa nomgibe ngokuthe ngqo ukukhusela ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngezixhobo ezishushu.
5. Isikhundla sokufakela kufuneka sisondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwindawo yokukhupha amanzi. Ukuba umgama ude kakhulu, umoya okanye umphunga uya kuqokelelana kumbhobho obhityileyo phambi komgibe.
6. Xa umbhobho othe tyaba wombhobho owomileyo ude kakhulu, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ingxaki ye-hydrophobic.
Isithandathu, ivalve yokhuseleko
1. Ngaphambi kokufakela, imveliso kufuneka ihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuba kukho isatifikethi somgangatho kunye nomyalelo wemveliso, ukwenzela ukuba kucaciswe imeko yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo xa ushiya umzi-mveliso.
2. Ivalve yokhuseleko kufuneka ibekwe kufutshane neqonga kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kuhlolwe kwaye kugcinwe.
3. I-valve yokhuseleko kufuneka ifakwe ngokuthe nkqo, i-medium kufuneka ihambe ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, kwaye ukhangele i-verticality ye-valve stem.
4 Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-valve yokukhusela ayinakusekwa ngaphambi nangemva kwe-valve yokusika ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokuthembeka.
I-5 yevalve yokhuseleko yoxinzelelo loxinzelelo: xa i-medium ilulwelo, ikhutshelwa ngokubanzi kumbhobho okanye inkqubo evaliweyo; Xa i-medium iyigesi, ikhutshwa ngokubanzi kwi-atmosphere yangaphandle.
6. I-oyile kunye negesi medium inokukhutshwa ngokubanzi kwi-atmosfera. I-outlet ye-valve ye-valve engenanto yombhobho kufuneka ibe yi-3m ngaphezu kwesakhiwo esiphakamileyo esijikelezileyo, kodwa iimeko ezilandelayo kufuneka zikhutshwe kwinkqubo evaliweyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
7. Idayimitha yombhobho wabemi, ** kufuneka ilingane nedayamitha yombhobho wokungena wevalve; I-DIAMETER YOMbhobho WOKUKHULA AWUYI kuba ngaphantsi kwe-IDAMETER YOKUPHUMA YE-valve, KWAYE UMbhobho WOKUKHUTSHA UYA KUKHONZELWA NGAPHANDLE KWAYE UFAKWE NGE-BEND UKUZE I-OUTLET YOMbhobho ijongise kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.
8. Xa i-valve yokhuseleko ifakwe, xa uxhulumaniso phakathi kwevalve yokhuseleko kunye nezixhobo kunye nombhobho uvula umngxuma welding, i-diameter yokuvula kufuneka ifane nomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo we-valve yokhuseleko.
Yintoni esifanele sinikele ingqalelo kuyo xa sifaka iivalve zepayipi?
Kwinkqubo yokubhobhoza kwamanzi, i-valve yinto yokulawula, indima yayo ephambili kukuhlukanisa izixhobo kunye nenkqubo yokubhobhoza, ukulawula ukuhamba, ukuthintela umva, ukulawula kunye nokukhupha uxinzelelo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba komoya, amanzi, umphunga, zonke iintlobo zemithombo yeendaba ezonakalisayo, udaka, i-oyile, isinyithi esilulwelo kunye nemithombo yeendaba ene-radioactive. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yombhobho yokukhetha i-valve efanelekileyo ibaluleke kakhulu, kwinkqubo yokwakha, umgangatho wofakelo lwevalve yepayipi, ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwexesha elizayo, ngoko kufuneka ingqalelo.
Jonga izinto phambi kokufakwa
1. Khangela ngononophelo ukuba imodeli yevalve kunye neenkcukacha ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo.
2, khangela ukuba i-stem kunye ne-disc ivula ngokuguquguqukayo, nokuba kukho i-stick and skew phenomenon.
3. Khangela ukuba ivalve yonakele kusini na, nokuba umsonto wevalve uthe tye kwaye awugungqi.
4, khangela ukuba indibaniselwano yesitulo sevalve kunye nomzimba wevalvu ziqinile, idiskhi yevalvu kunye nesitulo sevalvu, isigqubuthelo sevalvu kunye nomzimba wevalvu, isiqu sevalve kunye nediski yevalvu.
5. Khangela ukuba i-valve padding, ukupakisha kunye ne-fasteners (iibholithi) zifanelekile kwiimfuno zendalo yokusebenza.
I-6, endala okanye esetyenziswe ixesha elide kufuneka ichithwe, uthuli, isanti kunye nolunye udoti kufuneka lucocwe ngamanzi.
I-7, itywina lokuvula, khangela iqondo lokutywina, i-disc ye-valve kufuneka ivalwe ngokuqinileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-25-2022
