Iimpawu zenkqubo yevalve yombane inkqubo yokuhlalutya inkqubo yevalve umsebenzi wolwelo kunye neskimu soyilo

Iimpawu zenkqubo yevalve yombane inkqubo yokuhlalutya inkqubo yevalve umsebenzi wolwelo kunye neskimu soyilo

I-torque ye-valve yombane inkulu kune-valve jikelele, i-valve yombane isantya sokutshintsha isantya sinokuhlengahlengiswa, isakhiwo esihlangeneyo, ukugcinwa lula, yonke inkqubo yokuma ngenxa yeempawu zayo ze-cache, akukho lula ukonakalisa ngenxa yokubambelela, kodwa kufuneka. ibe ziivalve zepneumatic, kwaye inkqubo yayo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo inzima kunevalve yombane.
Olu hlobo lwevalve kumbhobho kufuneka lulungelelene ngokubanzi.
Ngokubanzi, yeyiphi eyona ndlela isisiseko yokugcinwa kwe-overload: ukukhuselwa kokugqithiswa kokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo okanye ukuqala ukusebenza kwemoto, ukukhethwa komlawuli wokushisa; Ukugcina iimoto ezijikayo, khetha ukuhanjiswa kobushushu; Ngengozi yokhuseleko lwesiphaluka esifutshane, khetha i-breaker circuit okanye ngaphezulu kwevalve ye-solenoid yangoku.
I-torque ye-valve yombane inkulu kune-valve jikelele, i-valve yombane isantya sokutshintsha isantya sinokuhlengahlengiswa, isakhiwo esihlangeneyo, ukugcinwa lula, yonke inkqubo yokuma ngenxa yeempawu zayo ze-cache, akukho lula ukonakalisa ngenxa yokubambelela, kodwa kufuneka. ibe ziivalve zepneumatic, kwaye inkqubo yayo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo inzima kunevalve yombane.
Olu hlobo lwevalve kumbhobho kufuneka lulungelelene ngokubanzi. Ivalve elawula umbane ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe nge-actuator yombane kunye nevalve. Isilawuli sombane sisebenzisa amandla ombane we-electromagnetic njengamandla okuqhuba ukuqhuba ivalve ngokwe-actuator yombane, kwaye sigqibezela indawo yokutshintsha amandla evalve.
Ukufezekisa okujoliswe kuko kombhobho wokutshintsha amandla aphakathi. Ke, ivalve yombane kwinkqubo yofakelo yeyiphi imiba ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo /p> Isixhobo sevalve yombane kukukhuthaza ulawulo lwenkqubo yevalvu, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo olukude lwezixhobo zomatshini eziyimfuneko, intshukumo yayo inokulungiswa ngolungelelwaniso lokuhamba, ukujikeleza okanye ukutyhala ngeradial. ubukhulu. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zokusebenza kunye nesantya sokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sevalve yombane ilele kuhlobo lwevalve, inkqubo yokusebenza yesixhobo kunye nendawo yevalve kumbhobho okanye isixhobo, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwesixhobo sevalve yombane kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqanda. ukwenzeka kwemeko yomthwalo ogqithisileyo (umgama wokudluliselwa komsebenzi uphezulu kunomjikelezo wokusebenza).
Ngokubanzi, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwesixhobo sevalve yombane sisiseko esibalulekileyo kwezi zilandelayo: ukusebenza kwetorque esebenzayo yeyona parameters isisiseko sokukhetha isixhobo sevalve yombane, isixhobo sombane esithathwe kwitorque kufuneka sibe yi-1.2 ~ 1.5 amaxesha okusebenza kwangempela. itorque yevalve.
Ubume obuphambili bokusebenza kwangempela kwesixhobo sevalve yombane ihlulwe kakhulu ibe ziindidi ezimbini: enye ayixhotyiswanga ngediski yethrust, kwaye itorque ithathwa kwangoko; Enye ixhotyiswe nge-disc ye-thrust kunye ne-torque ephumayo iguqulelwa kwi-thrust ephumayo ngokwe-stem nut kwi-disc thrust.
Inani leenguqu zokujikeleziswa kweshaft yegalelo lesixhobo sevalve yombane lingaphezulu okanye lingaphantsi elinxulumene nedayamitha yegama levalve, umgama wesitulo kunye nenani lezikrufu. Kufuneka ibalwe ngokwe-M=H/ZS (M linani lilonke lemijikelo yojikelezo ekufuneka isixhobo sombane sihlangabezane nayo, H bubude obudityanisiweyo bokuvuleka kwevalvu, S yi-screw pitch ye-valve seat drive system, kunye U-Z linani lezikrufu zesitulo sevalvu). Indawo yokuhlala yevalve enentonga evulekileyo ejikelezayo kaninzi, ivalve yombane ayinakufakwa ukuba isixhobo sombane sivumela indawo yokuhlala enkulu kakhulu eceliweyo ukuba ingadluli kwisitulo sevalve.
Ngoko ke, i-diameter yegama lomngxuma weshafti yesixhobo sombane kufuneka idlule i-diameter yesitulo sevalve yevalve yentonga evulekileyo.
Kwezinye iivalve ezijikelezayo kunye ne-open-rod valves kwii-valve ezininzi ezijikelezayo, nangona kungekho mfuneko yokukhathazeka malunga nengxaki ye-valve ye-diameter ye-valve, i-aperture yesihlalo se-valve kunye nobukhulu be-groove kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ekukhethweni kwendibano, ngoko. njengokwenza ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo emva kokudibanisa.
Ukuba isantya esithunyelwa ngaphandle sikhawuleza kakhulu kunesantya sokutshintsha ivalve, kulula ukuvelisa into yokubethwa kwamanzi.
Ngoko ke, kufuneka isekelwe kuluhlu oluhlukeneyo lwesicelo, khetha isantya esifanelekileyo sokuvula nokuvala. Izixhobo zevalve yombane zinemfuno ekhethekileyo yokuba zinokunciphisa ukujika okanye amandla ombane.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izixhobo zevalve yombane zisebenzisa i-couplings ngokujikeleza okulinganiselweyo.
Xa inkcazo yesixhobo sombane icacile, ukujikeleza kwayo kokulawula kunokuqinisekiswa.
Ngokubanzi ekusebenzeni kwexesha elimiselweyo, i-motor akukho lula ukuyilayisha.
Nangona kunjalo, ukulayisha ngaphezulu kunokubangelwa ukuba iimeko ezilandelayo zenzeke: okokuqala, umbane wamandla okhoyo uphantsi, awukwazi ukufumana ukujikeleza okufunekayo, ukwenzela ukuba i-motor iyeke ukujikeleza; Okwesibini, umbutho we-torque umda ulungelelaniswa ngokungalunganga, ukwenzela ukuba ugqithise ukumisa ukujikeleza, okubangelwa ukujikeleza okukhulu okuqhubekayo, ukwenzela ukuba i-motor iyeke ukusebenza; Isithathu sisicelo esiphakathi, idiphozithi yobushushu, ngaphezu kwemoto evumelekileyo yokwanda kobushushu; Okwesine, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, i-torque limit limit umbutho ukusilela konikezelo lwamandla esekethe, ukuze ukujikeleza kukhulu kakhulu; Okwesihlanu, iqondo lobushushu lendawo yokusetyenziswa liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ukunxulumana kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal yemoto. Ngaphambili, indlela yokukhusela i-motor kukusetyenziswa kwe-circuit breaker, phezu kwe-valve ye-solenoid yangoku, i-relay yokushisa, umlawuli weqondo lokushisa, kodwa ezi ndlela zineenzuzo zazo.
Akukho ndlela yokugcinwa ethembekileyo koomatshini bomthwalo oguquguqukayo njengezixhobo zombane.
Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuthathwe amalungiselelo ahlukeneyo, ngokukodwa kukho ezimbini eziphambili: enye kukugweba ukulungiswa kwe-motor input current; Okwesibini kukugweba imeko evuthayo yemoto ngokwayo.
Zombini iindlela, nokuba yeyiphi na iklasi iya kuthathela ingqalelo ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal yemoto ngexesha elinikiweyo.
Ngokubanzi, yeyiphi eyona ndlela isisiseko yokugcinwa kwe-overload: ukukhuselwa kokugqithiswa kokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo okanye ukuqala ukusebenza kwemoto, ukukhethwa komlawuli wokushisa; Ukugcina iimoto ezijikayo, khetha ukuhanjiswa kobushushu; Ngengozi yokhuseleko lwesiphaluka esifutshane, khetha i-breaker circuit okanye ngaphezulu kwevalve ye-solenoid yangoku.
Iimpawu zenkqubo yevalvu Umsebenzi wolwelo kunye nesikimu soyilo Qwalasela iivalvu * Vumela ulwelo ukuba luhambe ngendlela oyifunayo. Iskimu soyilo luhlobo lokuba konke ukuhamba okanye uxinzelelo lokusebenza kwicala elichaseneyo libangelwa yizithintelo eziqinileyo. Yonke ivalve ye-throttle yivalve yokukhangela.
Ivalve ebekwe kabini (evulekileyo), enefuthe lolawulo lothutho lwempahla ukuvala nokuvumela isiseko; Ivalve yokulawula uxinzelelo yinxalenye yolawulo oluqhelekileyo lwesiphelo.
Igama elithi iyunithi yokulawula isiphelo libhekisela kwisixhobo somatshini esizinzile esifuna amandla awongeziweyo kunye nokuchaneka kokulawula izinto ezinolwelo ukuya kumgangatho ofunekayo wokunyakaza.
omnye Ngokwesisombululo somsebenzi wenkqubo yolwelo kunye neempawu zoyilo lwenkqubo 1, ivalve yokukhangela ivalve * vumela ulwelo kwicala elilindelekileyo lokungabikho kwamanzi. Iskimu soyilo luhlobo lokuba konke ukuhamba okanye uxinzelelo lokusebenza kwicala elichaseneyo libangelwa yizithintelo eziqinileyo. Yonke ivalve ye-throttle yivalve yokukhangela.
Iivalvu zokujonga zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukubuya kolwelo, oko kunokonakalisa izixhobo kunye nokuphazamisa ukuhamba kwenkqubo.
Xa umpompo okanye i-compressor yefriji iphuma kwimveliso, olu hlobo lwevalve luluncedo kakhulu ekukhuseleni ukusebenza kolwelo lwempompo okanye i-compressor ye-reflux esebenza ngefriji.
Iivalvu zokutshekisha zikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezinoxinzelelo olusebenzayo olwahlukeneyo ekufuneka zigcinwe ngokwahlukeneyo.
I-2, i-valve inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: i-valve-position-double (i-open-close) i-valve, enefuthe lokulawula ukuvalwa kwempahla yempahla kunye nokuvumela isiseko; Jonga ivalve, inokuhambisa impahla kwicala elinye lomthambo wokuqina; Ivalve yokukhulula, enokuvulwa ukuba ivalwe ngokupheleleyo nakweyiphi na indawo ukulawula ukuhamba kwempahla. Olunye uphazamiseko oluchazwa ngumsebenzi kukuba uyilo olukhethekileyo lwepleyiti yeesekethe zeoyile, ezinje ngeevalvu zokumisa, iivalve zokumisa, iivalve zeplagi, iivalve zesango, iivalvu zedisc kunye neevalvu zerubha zerubha zinokuhlelwa zibe yinye, ezimbini okanye zontathu iindidi. Ngokomzekelo, i-valve yeplagi ifanelekile ekuvuleni - vala umsebenzi owenziwe kabini, kunye nokongezwa kwee-activators, kunokusetyenziswa njengevalve yokulawula uxinzelelo lwe-throttle valve.
Omnye umzekelo ngumzimba we-valve we-spherical, othi, ngokuhambelana neskimu sangaphakathi soyilo, unokuba yi-valve evulekileyo - ivale indawo ephindwe kabini, i-valve yokukhangela okanye i-valve yokuphuphuma.
Ke xa iintlobo zeevalve ezizodwa kunye nolunye ulwahlulo olukhethekileyo ngokulinganayo ngaxeshanye, umthengi kufuneka akhathazeke.
3. I-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo yecandelo lolawulo lokugqibela kwindlela yokulawula i-ring iyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokulawula isiphelo.
Igama elithi iyunithi yokulawula isiphelo libhekisela kwisixhobo somatshini esizinzile esifuna amandla awongeziweyo kunye nokuchaneka kokulawula izinto ezinolwelo ukuya kumgangatho ofunekayo wokunyakaza.
Amanye amacandelo olawulo abandakanya iimpompo zokudosa, iimfama, izinto ezifunxa ukothuka, iiblade zepitch yasendle, kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ukuhamba.
Njengenxalenye yokulawula isiphelo, ivalve yokulawula uxinzelelo yinxalenye yendlela yendandatho. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqulunqwe ngamanye amacandelo amabini ngaphezu kwe-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo: i-sensor component kunye nomsebenzi.
Izixhobo zoluvo (ii-inductors) zilinganisa ngokuchanekileyo iiparamitha zenkqubo, ezifana noxinzelelo lolwelo, iigeyiji zomgangatho, okanye ubushushu be-ambient.
Icandelo le-sensor lisebenzisa i-transmitter ukuhambisa umgca oqulethe idatha yepharamitha yenkqubo kwi-manipulator okanye inkqubo enkulu yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo.
I-manipulator ifumana igalelo kwi-sensor kwaye iqhathanise nexabiso elifunwayo kwindawo emiselweyo kunye nesikhundla senkqubo.
Kwindawo ethile yokumisela, i-manipulator yenza zonke izilungiso eziyimfuneko kwinkqubo ngokuthumela isignali kwiyunithi yokugqibela yokulawula (mhlawumbi kungekhona i-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo). I-valve iyatshintsha ngokuhambelana nesignali yedatha ethunyelwe kwi-manipulator, efunyenwe kwaye iqinisekiswe yi-sensor element.
Umzobo we-1.8 ubonisa umzobo wedatha yendlela ye-ring jikelele usebenzisa inyathelo (FT), uxinzelelo lokusebenza (PT), kunye nokushisa (TT) abathumeli kunye nomlawuli woxinzelelo kunye nokudibanisa kwabaqhubi.
I-4, i-valve ephindwe kabini (i-valve evulekileyo-evaliweyo) ngamanye amaxesha ibhekisela kwi-valve yokwahlula, i-valve ephindwe kabini isetyenziselwa ukuqalisa okanye ukumisa ukuhamba kwezinto ngokwenkqubo.
Ivalve yendawo ephindwe kabini ibandakanya ivalve yeglowubhu, ivalve yeplagi, ivelufa yesango, ivelufa yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nevalve esezantsi yempompo yesilinda.
Uninzi lweevalvu zeglowubhu ezinendawo ezimbini zenziwe ngesandla, kodwa ukongezwa kwe-actuator kuvumela ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo.
Iivalvu zokubeka izinto ezimbini zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwempahla ukuba ijikwe kwindawo ekugcinwa kuyo ukulungiswa okanye apho abasebenzi kufuneka bakhuseleke kwiingozi ezifihlakeleyo zokhuseleko.
Zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwimixube, apho uthutho oluninzi luxutywa phakathi kwexesha elibekwe kwangaphambili kwaye akukho siqinisekiso esichanekileyo semitha.
Inkqubo yokulawula ekrelekrele ikwafuna iivalvu ezizenzekelayo ezinendawo ezimbini ezivala kwangoko xa kukho unxunguphalo.
Ivalve yokunciphisa i-valve ye-self-actuated-det-position valve evula xa uxinzelelo lugqithiswa kwangaphambili. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeevalvu: iivalve zokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye neevalvu.
Ivalve yokunciphisa isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukhuseleko lolwelo umsebenzi wokwenyani ukwanda kakhulu; Ivalve isetyenziswa ikakhulu kumsebenzi wokwenene womzimba womphunga, apha inkqubo yesoftware yonyuke kakhulu kukhuseleko kunye nomonakalo wenkqubo kwaye kufuneka ikhuphe ngokwawo.
I-5, i-valve yokukhulula i-valve ye-throttle valve isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa izinga lokuhamba lilonke ekusebenzeni, ubushushu be-ambient okanye uxinzelelo.
I-valve inokulungiswa ukusuka kwi-valve yokuhamba ngaphakathi kwazo zonke iindawo zomsebenzi womxholo kwaye igxininiswe kwinxalenye, kubandakanywa nokuvula okanye ukuvala iindawo.
Ngoko ke, inokusetyenziswa kwakhona njengevalve yokumisa ezimbini.
Nangona kunjalo, iivalvu ezininzi zokunceda zixhotyiswe ngeentsimbi ezisebenza ngesandla kunye neentonga zenkxaso, kwaye ezinye zixhotyiswe nge-actuator kunye ne-actuator system software ukwenzela ukutyhala okukhulu, ukutshintshwa, kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ezizenzekelayo.
Umlawuli woxinzelelo yivalve yokunceda etshintsha indawo yevalve ukugcina uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo oluveliswe phakathi nasezantsi. Ukuba uxinzelelo lokusebenza lukhuphuka phakathi kunye nokuveliswa kwezantsi, umlawuli ucinywe kancinci ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokusebenza. Ukuba i-middle and downstream yokuvelisa ingcinezelo yokusebenza iyancitshiswa, umlawuli uvulwa ukwandisa uxinzelelo.
Inxalenye yentsapho yevalve yoncedo yivalve yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yivalve yokulawula uxinzelelo, eligama lobuchule levalve, elitshintsha umgangatho wokuhamba ukuze ulingane nomgangatho wenkqubo.
Ivalve isoloko ixhotyiswe nge actuator yolawulo oluzenzekelayo.
I-activator yenzelwe ukufumana isignali yedatha yomyalelo kwaye itshintshele kwindawo eyiyo yevalve ngokusebenzisa isixhobo samandla sangaphandle (igesi, umbane, okanye i-hydraulic press) ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza zexesha elichanekileyo.