Ukukhethwa konikezelo lwamanzi kunye neevalvu zemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nezinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo kwiivalvu ezahlukeneyo

Ukukhethwa konikezelo lwamanzi kunye neevalvu zemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nezinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo kwiivalvu ezahlukeneyo Ngaba iivalvu zemibhobho yekhemikhali zidinga iivalvu ezizinxaxhayo xa zifakelwe Ubonelelo lwamanzi oluqhelekileyo kwisakhiwo kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi ikakhulu ngumbhobho weplastiki, umbhobho wesinyithi kunye nombhobho odibeneyo iintlobo ezintathu. Kodwa ngaphaya kwezi ndidi, zininzi iintlobo ezintsha zetyhubhu. I-1, ipayipi yensimbi Imibhobho yentsimbi ibandakanya iibhobho zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo, iibhobho zentsimbi kunye neepayipi ezingenamthungo. Imibhobho yentsimbi eqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa imibhobho yamanzi okusela angeyoyasekhaya okanye imibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi ngokubanzi kwimizi-mveliso. Umphezulu wemibhobho yentsimbi ekhandisiweyo (usebenzisa imveliso yenkqubo yediphu yediphu eshushu) kukuthintela umhlwa kunye nomhlwa, ukuze ungachaphazeli umgangatho wamanzi, olungele imibhobho yamanzi okusela okanye eminye imibhobho yamanzi ekwimizi-mveliso eneemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu wamanzi; Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo usetyenziswa kwinethiwekhi yombhobho woxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye uxinzelelo lwayo lokusebenza lungaphezulu kwe-1.6MPa. Iindlela zokuqhagamshelwa kombhobho wensimbi zidibanisa intambo, i-welding kunye ne-flange uxhumano. Udibaniso olunemisonto lwenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zombhobho ezinemisonto. Amalungu ubukhulu becala ayenziwe ngentsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo, yahlulwe yaba ziigalvanized kunye ne-non-galvanized ezimbini, ukuxhathisa kwayo ku-corrosion kunye namandla omatshini mkhulu. Izifakelo zentsimbi zimbalwa ngoku. Imibhobho yentsimbi eyenziwe ngegalvanized kufuneka idityaniswe ngemisonto kwaye izifakelo zazo nazo ziya kufakelwa igalvanized. Le ndlela isetyenziswa rhoqo kwipayipi evulekile. I-Welding kukusetyenziswa komatshini we-welding, intonga yokutshisa i-welding ukudibanisa amacandelo amabini ombhobho kunye. Izibonelelo zidibeneyo, akukho ukuvuza kwamanzi, akukho zixhobo, ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa awukwazi ukuyiqhaqha. I-Welding isetyenziswa kuphela kwimibhobho yentsimbi engafakwanga. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kumbhobho ofihlakeleyo. I-flange idityaniswe kumbhobho kunye nobubanzi obukhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-50m), kwaye i-flange idla ngokuxutywa (okanye i-threaded) ekupheleni kombhobho, kwaye iiflange ezimbini zidibaniswe kunye neebholiti, kwaye ke amacandelo amabini ombhobho. zidibene. Ukuxhamla kwe-Flange ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe ukudibanisa kwee-valve, ii-valve zokujonga, iimitha zamanzi, iimpompo zamanzi kunye nezinye iindawo, kunye nesidingo sokuchithwa rhoqo, ukugcinwa kwecandelo lombhobho. 2, umbhobho weplastiki wonikezelo lwamanzi ** Imibhobho yeplastiki esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukulungiselela unikezelo lwamanzi ngumbhobho wepolyvinyl chloride oqinileyo (UPVC) kunye nombhobho wepolypropylene (umbhobho wePP). Ukongeza, kukho i-polyethylene (PE) umbhobho, olungele ukuhambisa ubushushu bamanzi ayidluli i-40 ℃, imigangatho efanelekileyo ilandela imimiselo ye "Polyethylene (PE) umbhobho wokubonelela ngamanzi" GB/T13663; Umbhobho we-Crosslinked polyethylene (PE-x): umbhobho we-polybutene (PB), olungele ukuhambisa ubushushu bamanzi angama-20 "-90 ℃. Zinozinzo oluqinileyo lweekhemikhali, ukumelana nokubola, kungekhona i-asidi, i-alkali, ityuwa, i-oyile kunye nolunye ukhukuliseko lweendaba; udonga olugudileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-hydraulic, umgangatho wokukhanya, ukucutshungulwa lula kunye nofakelo Kodwa izinto ezingalunganga ezixhaphakileyo kukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kunye namandla aphantsi iqondo lobushushu elingadluliyo kuma-45 ° C. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imibhobho ye-UPVC idityaniswe ngokuqhagamshelwa kwe-socket, kwaye i-socket bonding ifanelekile kumbhobho wangaphandle we-20 ~ 1601m uxhulumaniso lweringi ye-Rubber ifanelekile kwi-diameter ye-pipe enkulu okanye ilingana ne-63mm kunye nezixhobo zemibhobho yesinyithi, iivalvu, njl., ziya kuphonswa okanye zifakwe umbhobho wePolypropylene (ipayipi yePP), ilungele inkqubo yokusebenza yoxinzelelo ayikhulu kune-0.6Mpa, iqondo lobushushu elisebenzayo alikho ngaphezulu kwe-70 ℃ unikezelo lwamanzi ludityaniswe ngesokethi enyibilikayo eshushu. Xa udibanisa kunye nezixhobo zombhobho zetsimbi, izixhobo zepayipi ze-polypropylene kunye nokufakwa kwetsimbi zisetyenziswa njengenguqu. Izixhobo zombhobho zidibene nombhobho we-polypropylene nge-socket ye-melt eshushu, kwaye idibaniswe nezixhobo zepayipi zetsimbi ngentambo. I-3, ityhubhu ye-PVC Umbhobho wokuthunga umbane kunye nombhobho wokukhupha amanzi. I-4, ubhedu Umbhobho wobhedu kunye nezixhobo zayo zineentlobo ezipheleleyo kunye neenkcukacha, ububanzi obukhulu bobubanzi, bunokukhethwa kwi-6mm ukuya kwi-273mm. Umbhobho wobhedu kulula ukugoba, ukuqhutyelwa lula, kulula ukutshintsha imilo, unokuhlangabezana nokufakelwa kobunjineli be-wiring yepayipi kunye nokudibanisa kwazo zonke iimfuno. Ngokukodwa ekwakhiweni kwentsimi, i-cutoff yesikhashana, ukugoba kunye nokugaya umbhobho wobhedu kulula kwaye kukhululekile. Zonke iintlobo zemibhobho kunye nezixhobo zingahlanganiswa kwaye zihanjiswe kwindawo, okanye zingafakwa okwethutyana kwisiza l, umphumo uyanelisa. Ubhedu yintsimbi eyomeleleyo edlayo. Ingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle komonakalo. Ngokutsho kwembali yokusetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe, ixesha lenkonzo yeepayipi ezininzi zethusi ligqithise ubomi benkonzo yesakhiwo ngokwawo. Ngoko ke, umbhobho wamanzi obhedu ngowona mbhobho wamanzi okhuselekileyo nothembekileyo. Ubhedu yintsimbi ebomvu enobuso obuluhlaza. Ubhedu luthintela ukukhula kwebhaktheriya kwaye lugcina amanzi okusela ecocekile. Izitya zokutyela zobhedu zinembali ende, ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayinancasa. Imibhobho yobhedu kunye nezixhobo ziyakwazi ukugcina imilo kunye namandla abo phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye akuyi kubakho ukuguga kwexesha elide. Umbhobho wobhedu unomaleko oqinileyo oqinileyo okhuselayo, akukho oli, iicarbohydrates, ibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ulwelo oluyingozi, umoya okanye ukukhanya kweultraviolet akunakudlula kuwo kwaye akunakuwukhukulisa kwaye kungcolise amanzi. Iiparasite azikwazi ukuhlala kwindawo yobhedu. Kodwa ixabiso eliphezulu lombhobho wobhedu yintsilelo yalo enkulu, ngumbhobho wamanzi okumgangatho ophezulu wangoku. 5. ityhubhu ehlanganisiweyo Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kobuchwephesha boshishino kwilizwe lethu, izinto ezintsha kunye nobugcisa obutsha bamkelwa kunikezelo lwamanzi kunye nobunjineli bokuhambisa amanzi, kwaye imibhobho edibeneyo isetyenziswe kakhulu ekuboneleleni kwamanzi kunye nobunjineli bokuhambisa amanzi. (1) Umbhobho odityanisiweyo we-aluminiyam-yeplastiki Umaleko ophakathi wombhobho odityanisiweyo we-aluminiyam-yeplastiki yenziwe ngetyhubhu yealuminiyam edityanisiweyo, kwaye umaleko wangaphandle kunye nomaleko ongaphakathi zenziwe ngeplastiki yepolyethylene enoxinano oluphakathi okanye yoxinaniso oluphezulu okanye ipolyethylene edityanisiweyo. idityaniswe ne-adhesive eshushu enyibilikayo. Umbhobho awunayo kuphela ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo lombhobho wensimbi, kodwa unokumelana nokubola kombhobho weplastiki. Ingumbhobho ofanelekileyo osetyenziselwa ukwakha unikezelo lwamanzi. Umbhobho we-aluminiyam weplastiki ehlanganisiweyo ujikelezwe ngumkhono wekhadi elijijwayo, izincedisi zayo zimveliso zobhedu ngokubanzi, sisixhobo sokuqala esisetiweyo kwisiphelo sombhobho, kwaye ke umbindi wangaphakathi wezincedisi ukuya ekupheleni, kwaye emva koko sebenzisa isikrufu ukuqinisa. izincedisi kunye nut inokuba. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukwakhiwa okufanelekileyo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukwandiswa kwe-thermal yexesha elide kunye nokunciphisa okubandayo kombhobho kuya kubangela ukuchithwa kwodonga lombhobho obangela ukuvuza. Umbhobho we-aluminium-plastiki unoxanduva lokuqhuma phantsi koxinzelelo. Kwindawo apho ingcamango yokuhlobisa intsha, umbhobho we-aluminium weplastiki ulahlekelwe ngokuthe ngcembe kwimarike kwaye ungowemveliso esusiweyo. (2) umbhobho odibeneyo wensimbi-yeplastiki Umbhobho odibeneyo wensimbi-iplastiki ngumbhobho owenziwe (ofakwe) kunye nobukhulu obuthile beplastiki. Ngokubanzi yahlulwe kumbhobho yentsimbi yeplastiki enemigca kunye umbhobho yentsimbi camera ezimbini. Umbhobho odibeneyo wensimbi-yeplastiki udibene ngokubanzi kunye nentambo, kwaye izixhobo zayo ngokuqhelekileyo ziyimveliso yensimbi-yeplastiki. I-6, umbhobho obhityileyo wodonga olungenasici ngophuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho wokuphila kwabantu, umbhobho wamanzi ocekeceke-eludonga lwentsimbi kunye nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yentsimbi ibe yinto entsha ekuphuhliseni inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi asekhaya. Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zempilo zombhobho wentsimbi ecekeceke-ebiyelweyo ayisayi kubangela ungcoliseko lwesibini kumgangatho wamanzi, ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yesizwe yomgangatho wamanzi okusela ngokuthe ngqo. Umbhobho wentsimbi ecekeceke eqinileyo ngumbhobho wamanzi onokuphinda usetyenziswe, kwaye awuyi kushiya izizukulwana ezizayo nenkunkuma engenakulahlwa. Amandla odonga olucekeceke lwemibhobho yensimbi engenasici luphezulu kunezo zonke izixhobo zemibhobho yamanzi, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuza kwamanzi okuchatshazelwa ngamandla angaphandle, kunye nokugcina amanzi amaninzi. Umbhobho wensimbi engenasiphene obhityileyo unokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, akukho kunyuka kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide, udonga lwangaphakathi lugudile kwaye lucocekile, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ukonga iindleko, lixabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso lokuhambisa imathiriyeli yombhobho wamanzi. Ukusebenza kokufakelwa kwe-thermal yombhobho wensimbi engenasici obhityileyo ngamaxesha angama-24 kunombhobho wobhedu, ogcina kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kwamandla e-geothermal ekuhanjisweni kwamanzi ashushu. Ityhubhu yodonga olubhityileyo lwentsimbi ecocekileyo ayisayi kungcolisa i-sanitary ware, kuthintelwe i-sanitary ware ayikwazi ukukhuhla "uphawu olubomvu" kunye "nophawu olublowu". Ngenxa yokuba, okwangoku, kwimibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi olubhityileyo eludongeni kunye nezixhobo, umahluko ophambili phakathi kweemveliso ezinxulumeneyo ngumahluko kwimowudi yoqhagamshelo, ke oku kulandelayo kwazisa udonga oluqhelekileyo nolulungeleyo. Imowudi yokudibanisa yeemibhobho zokubonelela ngamanzi ensimbi engenasici kunye nezixhobo - ukudibanisa uhlobo lwe-clamp. Ukudibanisa apho umbhobho udibaniswa ne-socket ehambelana nendandatho yokutywina kwaye itywinwe kwaye iqiniswe ngokucinezela i-socket ngesixhobo. Ukubunjwa okusisiseko kokufakwa kombhobho obambezelayo kukudityaniswa kombhobho okhethekileyo kunye nendandatho yokutywina ye-O kwi-groove efana ne-U ekupheleni. Xa kuhlanganiswa. Umbhobho wamanzi wensimbi engenasici ufakwe kumbhobho wokulinganisa, kwaye umbhobho wokufakelwa kunye nombhobho wenxalenye yokutywinwa ucinezelwe kwimilo ene-hexagonal kunye nesixhobo sokutywinwa, ukwenzela ukuba wenze amandla okudibanisa okwaneleyo, kunye nesiphumo sokutywinwa senziwa ngenxa deformation yoxinzelelo lweringi yokutywina. Iindleko zokufakelwa kombhobho ziphantsi, zifanelekile ukunyuswa kwemarike yoluntu, ukufakwa kulula, isantya sokwakha sikhawuleza. 7. Umbhobho wentsimbi yokuphosa unikezelo lwamanzi Imibhobho yentsimbi yonikezelo lwamanzi ineengenelo zokuxhathisa umhlwa okuqinileyo, ukufakwa okulula, ubomi benkonzo ende (phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ubomi benkonzo yemibhobho yentsimbi ephantsi komhlaba ingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60) kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. . Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi ene-DN enkulu okanye elingana ne-75 yekofu, ngakumbi ekungcwatyweni kokubekwa. Ukungalungi kwayo kuku-brittleness, ubunzima obukhulu, ubude obuncinci kunye namandla amabi xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho wensimbi. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zoxinzelelo oluphantsi, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimibhobho yentsimbi yonikezelo lwamanzi kwilizwe lethu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umbhobho we-iron ductile uyilwe njengeyona ndlela yokunyuka kwizakhiwo ezinkulu eziphakamileyo kwaye isetyenziswe kwinkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi angaphakathi. Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo unodonga olucekethekileyo kunye namandla aphezulu kunombhobho wentsimbi otyhidiweyo oqhelekileyo, kwaye ipropati yawo yempembelelo ingaphezu kwamaxesha ali-10 kunombhobho wentsimbi engwevu. Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo onerubha uqhagamshelo ngoomatshini okanye uqhagamshelo lwesokethi, unokudityaniswa noqhagamshelo lweflange. Eminye imibhobho: Umbhobho oqinileyo wepolyvinyl chloride (UPVC) Ehlabathini, umbhobho oqinileyo wepolyvinyl chloride (UPVC) luhlobo lwemibhobho yeplastiki esetyenziswayo ebanzi ngokwentelekiso. Ukwamkela olu hlobo lombhobho kunokunciphisa ngokuqinisekileyo imeko yokunqongophala kwentsimbi kunye nokunqongophala kwamandla kwilizwe lethu, kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho.