Isiphumo sehamile samanzi sevalve Yazisa isizathu kunye nesisombululo sokugcwala kwevalvu yombane yombane!

Isiphumo sehamile samanzi sevalve Yazisa isizathu kunye nesisombululo sokugcwala kwevalvu yombane yombane! "Isiphumo sehamile samanzi" sibhekisela kwinto yokuba xa ivalve evulekileyo ivaliwe ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa ye-inertia yoxinzelelo Ukuhamba kwamanzi, i-Water shock wave iya kuveliswa kwaye umonakalo uya kuveliswa. Le yi "Water hammer effect" kwi-hydrology, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-positive Water hammer. Ngokuphambene noko, emva kokuba i-valve evaliweyo ivulwe ngokukhawuleza, iya kuvelisa isando samanzi, esibizwa ngokuba yi-hammer yamanzi engathandekiyo, kwaye kukho ikhefu elithile Umphumo weHammer yamanzi Ibhekisela xa i-valve evulekile ivalwe ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa ye-inertia yoxinzelelo. ukuhamba kwamanzi, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamaza okuhamba kwamanzi kuya kuveliswa, kwaye umphumo wokutshatyalaliswa uya kuveliswa. Le "impembelelo yehamile yamanzi" kwi-hydrology, isando samanzi esilungileyo. Ngokuphambene noko, emva kokuba i-valve evaliweyo ivuliwe ngokukhawuleza, iya kuvelisa isando samanzi, esibizwa ngokuba yi-hammer yamanzi engathandekiyo, nayo inamandla athile okutshabalalisa, kodwa ingabi nkulu njengangaphambili. Ngesiqhelo, into yokuvala itsalwa ngesiquphe esitulweni njengoko ivalve isondela ekuvaleni, eyaziwa ngokuba yisisombululo se-cylinder latching effect. I-cylinder latching effect ibangelwa yi-actuator ye-low-thrust actuator engenayo ngokwaneleyo ukuba ihlale isondele kwisihlalo, okubangelwa ukuvala ngokukhawuleza kwempompo okanye i-valve, okukhokelela kwisiphumo sehamile yamanzi. Kwiivalvu zokulawula, kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zokuhamba ngokukhawuleza zokuvula zingakhokelela kwisiphumo sehamile yamanzi. Nangona isando samanzi senza ingxolo eninzi, owona monakalo ubangelwa kukusilela koomatshini. Ngenxa yokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kumandla e-kinetic ukuya kwixinzelelo lomgca we-static, isando samanzi sinokuqhekeza umgca okanye sonakalise ukuxhaswa kombhobho kwaye sonakalise umgca womgca. Kwiivalve, isando samanzi sinokubangela ukungcangcazela okukhulu kwi-spool, enokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwe-spool, i-gasket okanye ukupakisha. Kwiivalvu, ukukhuselwa kwihamile yamanzi kukuthintela nayiphi na inguqu yoxinzelelo ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo. Oku kubandakanya ukucotha ukuvala ivalve ngokwayo okanye ukubonelela ngeqondo elikhulu loxinzelelo kunye nokuqina njengoko into yokuvala isondela kwisihlalo. Ukuthintela ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo, i-valve kufuneka ivalwe ngesantya esifanayo. Kwezinye iimeko, xa usebenzisa umsebenzi ovulekileyo okhawulezayo, unokucela ukutshintshwa kwepesenti elinganayo. Kwiivalvu zolawulo ekufuneka zihlawulwe xa zikufuphi nesitulo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ii-activators ezinemveliso eyaneleyo, ezifana ne-piston pneumatic actuators okanye i-hydraulic actuators, okanye iinotshi ezikhethekileyo kumkhono we-stroke wabaqhubi abajikelezayo abaza kunciphisa okanye bathintele ukutshixa isilinda. Olunye uhlobo lokhuselo oluchasene namaza kwinkqubo yemibhobho lunokunciphisa iihamile zamanzi. Oku kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa ivalve yokukhulula uxinzelelo okanye umgqomo wesithinteli. Ukongeza, irhasi inokutofwa kwisistim, enciphisa ukuxinana kolwelo kwaye ibonelele ngoxinzelelo oluthile lokujongana nakuphi na ukuguquguquka okukhawulezileyo. I-valve yombane we-actuator yokulayisha ngaphezulu izizathu kunye nezisombululo! Izizathu zokulayisha i-valve yombane we-actuator: okokuqala, umbane uphantsi, kungekhona i-torque efunekayo, ukwenzela ukuba i-motor iyeke ukujikeleza; Okwesibini, akulunganga ukulungelelanisa umda we-torque, ukuze ibe mkhulu kune-torque emisiweyo, ekhokelela kwi-torque eqhubekayo, ukwenzela ukuba i-motor iyeke ukujikeleza; Ezintathu kukusetyenziswa kwangethuba, ukonga ubushushu, ngaphezu kwemoto evunyelwe Izizathu zokugcwala kwevalve yombane wombane: Okokuqala, unikezelo lwamandla luphantsi, hayi i-torque efunekayo, ukuze i-motor iyeke ukujikeleza; Okwesibini, akulunganga ukulungelelanisa umda we-torque, ukuze ibe mkhulu kune-torque emisiwe, ekhokelela kwi-torque eqhubekayo, ukwenzela ukuba i-motor iyeke ukujikeleza; Ezintathu kukusetyenziswa kwamaxesha athile, ukonga ubushushu, ngaphezu kokunyuka kobushushu obuvumelekileyo bemoto; Okwesine, ngenxa yesizathu esithile itorque yokunciphisa ukusilela kwesekethe, ukuze itorque ibe nkulu kakhulu; Okwesihlanu, ukusetyenziswa kobushushu be-ambient kuphezulu kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa nokwehla kwamandla obushushu bemoto. Ngaphambili, i-fuses, i-overcurrent relays, i-thermal relays kunye ne-thermostats isetyenziselwe ukukhusela ii-motor, kodwa ezi ndlela zineenzuzo kunye nokungonakali. Ayikho indlela ekhuselekileyo nethembekileyo yokukhusela izixhobo zombane ezinomthwalo oguquguqukayo. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha ukudibanisa okuhlukahlukeneyo, kushwankathelwe ngeendlela ezimbini: enye kukugweba ukwanda okanye ukuncipha kwe-motor input current; Okwesibini kukugweba injini ngokwayo. Ezi ndlela zimbini, akukhathaliseki nokuba yeyiphi na indlela yokuqwalasela umthamo wobushushu bemoto enikwe umda wexesha. Ngokubanzi, ukhuseleko olusisiseko malunga nomthwalo ogqithisiweyo kukuba: 1. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kweemoto okanye indawo yokusebenza yokukhusela ukugqithisa, usebenzisa i-thermostat; 2. I-Thermal relay isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-motor blocking; 3. Ngengozi yesekethe emfutshane, sebenzisa i-fuse okanye i-overcurrent relay. I-valve yombane ye-actuator sisixhobo esiyimfuneko ukuqonda ulawulo lwenkqubo yevalvu, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo olukude. Inkqubo yayo yokunyakaza inokulawulwa ngokubetha, i-torque okanye i-axial thrust. Ukukhetha okuchanekileyo kwesixhobo sombane sevalve kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqanda isenzeko sokugcwala (i-torque esebenzayo ephezulu kunetorque yolawulo).