Ukuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi emine yamavalvu amapayipi Ukukhetha ukuhlinzeka nokukhipha amanzi

Ukuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi emine yamavalvu epayipi Ukukhethwa kwamapayipi okunikezela kanye nokudonsa amanzi Okokuqala, ukusika nokukhulula okuphakathi lokhu kuwumsebenzi oyisisekelo wevalvu, ngokuvamile khetha umzila wokugeleza wevalvu eqondile, ukumelana nokugeleza kuncane. I-valve evalekile eya phansi (i-valve yembulunga, i-plunger valve) ngenxa yendlela yayo yokugeleza ehlukumezayo, ukumelana nokugeleza kuphakeme kunamanye ama-valve, ngakho akhethiwe kancane. Ama-valve avaliwe angasetshenziswa lapho ukumelana nokugeleza okuphezulu kuvunyelwe. Okwesibili, ukulawula Okokuqala, ukusika nokukhulula okuphakathi Lona umsebenzi oyisisekelo we-valve, ngokuvamile ukhetha i-valve yokudlula eqondile, ukumelana nokugeleza kwayo kuncane. I-valve evalekile eya phansi (i-valve yembulunga, i-plunger valve) ngenxa yendlela yayo yokugeleza ehlukumezayo, ukumelana nokugeleza kuphakeme kunamanye ama-valve, ngakho akhethiwe kancane. Ama-valve avaliwe angasetshenziswa lapho ukumelana nokugeleza okuphezulu kuvunyelwe. Okwesibili, lawula ukugeleza I-valve okulula ukuyilungisa ngokuvamile ikhethwa ukulawula ukugeleza. Amavalvu OKUVALA abheke phansi (njengamavalvu e-GLOBE) AYIfanele Le Nhloso NGOBA Usayizi WeSIHLALO ULINGANISANA NE-STROKE YOKUVALA. AMAVAVAVA Ajikelezayo (I-PLUG, uvemvane, amavalvu EBHOLA) kanye AMAVAVAVA OMZIMBA AFLEKILEYO (I-PINCH, I-DIAPHRAGM) AYATHOLAKALA NAWO UKULAWULWA OKUTHROTTLING, kodwa NGOKUVAMILE KUPHELA ebangeni elilinganiselwe lama-valve DIAMETERS. I-VALVE yesango Isango elimise okwediski eliya embobeni yesihlalo esiyindilinga ukuze lenze ukunyakaza okuphambene, liseduze kuphela nendawo evaliwe, lingalawula kangcono ukugeleza, ngakho ngokuvamile alisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukugeleza. Okwesithathu, i-shunt yokushintshwa Ivalvu ingaba namashaneli amathathu noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngesidingo sokuhlehla nokuphambukisa. Ama-valve okuxhuma nebhola afaneleka kakhulu kule njongo, ngakho-ke, ama-valve amaningi asetshenziselwa ukuhlehla nokuphambukisa akhethwa njengenye yala mavalvu. Kodwa-ke, KWEZINYE IZIMO, ezinye IZINHLOBO ZAMAVAVAZI ZINGASE NAZO ZISETSHENZISWA NJENGEZIPHUMZI ZOhambo lokuya emsebenzini, INqobo nje kokuthi AMAVAVA AMABILI noma AMANINGI Axhumeke ngokufanele kwelinye. 4. Maphakathi nezinhlayiya ezimisiwe Uma okuphakathi kunezinhlayiya ezimisiwe, ** kulungele ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zokuvala eduze kwendawo yokuvala yevalvu eshelelayo enesenzo sokusula. Uma UKUVALA KUME EMVA KWESIHLALO NAPHAMBILI, IZIQINISEKISO INGASE ZIBOSHWE, KHONA LE VALIVU IFANELE KUPHELA IMIDIYA EHLANZEKILE NGOKUQINISEKILE NGAPHANDLE NGAPHANDLE KOKUBA IMALI YOKUVALA IVUMELE UKUTHI IZIHLAYA ZIBOSHWE. Ama-valve ebhola nama-plug valve asula indawo yokuvala ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala, ngakho afaneleka ukusetshenziswa kumidiya enezinhlayiya ezimisiwe. Ukuhlaziywa kokukhethwa kwamapayipi okuhambisa amanzi kanye nokudonsa amanzi, ukukhethwa kwamavalvu kanye nezingxenye zokubeka (a) ipayipi lokuphakela amanzi elisetshenziswa kuvalvu, ngokuvamile ngokuya ngale migomo elandelayo yokukhetha 1. Uma ububanzi bepayipi bungengaphezu kwama-50mm, kuyalulekwa ukuthi sebenzisa i-valve yeglobhu, lapho ububanzi bepayipi bukhulu kuno-50mm, kuhle ukusebenzisa i-valve yesango kanye ne-valve butterfly. I-2 idinga ukulungisa ukugeleza, ingcindezi yamanzi lapho kusetshenziswa i-valve elawulayo, i-valve yokusika. Okokuqala, ukukhetha ama-valve kanye nezingxenye zokubeka (a) i-valve esetshenziswa epayipini lokuphakela amanzi, ngokuvamile ngokuvumelana nezimiso ezilandelayo 1. Uma ububanzi bepayipi bungengaphezu kuka-50mm, kuhle kusetshenziswe i-valve yeglobhu, nalapho ububanzi bepayipi inkulu kuno-50mm, kuyancomeka ukusebenzisa i-valve yesango kanye ne-butterfly valve. I-2 idinga ukulungisa ukugeleza, ingcindezi yamanzi lapho kusetshenziswa i-valve elawulayo, i-valve yokusika. 3. Lapho ukumelana nokugeleza kwamanzi kukuncane (njengepayipi lokumunca iphampu yamanzi), ivalvu yesango kufanele isetshenziswe. 4. Ivalvu yesango kanye ne-butterfly valve izosetshenziswa engxenyeni yepayipi lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi kudinga ukuqondiswa kabili, futhi i-valve yokumisa akufanele isetshenziswe. 5. I-valve ye-Butterfly ne-valve yebhola kufanele isetshenziswe ezingxenyeni ezinendawo encane yokufaka. 6. I-valve yokumisa kufanele isetshenziswe engxenyeni yepayipi evame ukuvulwa futhi ivaliwe. 7. Ivalvu esebenza kaningi kufanele isetshenziswe epayipini lokuphuma lephampu lamanzi elinobubanzi obukhulu. (2) Izingxenye ezilandelayo zepayipi lokuphakela amanzi kufanele zihlinzekwe ngamavalvu 1. Ipayipi lokuphakela amanzi lesifunda okuhlalwa kuzo lizosuka engxenyeni yepayipi elingenisa amanzi epayipini lokuphakela amanzi likamasipala. 2. Amanodi enethiwekhi yamapayipi ayindandatho ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala azosethwa ngokuya ngezidingo zokuhlukaniswa. Uma ingxenye yepayipi lendandatho iyinde kakhulu, kufanelekile ukusetha i-valve yesigaba. 3. Isiphetho sokuqala sepayipi legatsha elixhunywe epayipini elikhulu lokuphakela amanzi endaweni okuhlala kuyo noma ekugcineni kwepayipi lasendlini. 4. Ipayipi lasekhaya, imitha yamanzi kanye nezikhuphukeli zegatsha (phansi kwesikhuphukeli, phezulu naphansi ekugcineni kwesikhuphukeli sepayipi eliyiringi). 5. Ipayipi eliyinhloko lenethiwekhi yepayipi lendandatho kanye nepayipi elixhumayo ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yamapayipi egatsha. 6. Ipayipi eliphakela amanzi endlini lixhunywe lapho kuqalwa khona ipayipi lokusabalalisa amanzi elixhunywe endlini yangasese nendlu yangasese yomphakathi, njll., futhi indawo yokusabalalisa amanzi epayipini legatsha lokusabalalisa amanzi kufanele isethwe uma kunamanzi ama-3 noma ngaphezulu. izindawo zokusabalalisa. 7. Ipayipi lokuphuma lephampu lamanzi kanye nephampu yokumunca yepompo lamanzi lokuzichelela. 8. Amapayipi angenisa amanzi naphumayo namapayipi okukhipha amanzi ethangini lamanzi. 9. Amapayipi okungenisa amanzi kanye nokugcwalisa kabusha okokusebenza (njenge-heater nombhoshongo wokupholisa). 10. Amapayipi ezinto zokuhlanzeka (isb. ezinkulu, izindawo zokuchamela, izitsha zokugezela, amashawa, njll.). 11. Ezinye izesekeli, njenge-automatic valve exhaust, i-valve yokusiza ukucindezela, isinqamuli sesando samanzi, igeji yokucindezela, ipulaki yokufafaza, i-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela kanye nedivayisi yokuvimbela ukugeleza emuva ngaphambi nangemuva. 12. Amavalvu okudonsa amanzi kufanele asethwe engxenyeni engezansi yenethiwekhi yokuphakelwa kwamanzi. (3) I-valve yokuhlola kufanele ikhethwe ngokujwayelekile ngokuya ngendawo yayo yokufaka, ingcindezi yamanzi ngaphambi kwe-valve, izidingo zokusebenza zokuvala emva kokuvala kanye nobukhulu besando samanzi esibangelwa lapho kuvalwa 1. Lapho ingcindezi ngaphambi kwe-valve incane, swing, ibhola kanye shuttle hlola valve kufanele kukhethwe. 2. Lapho izidingo zokusebenza zokuvala ziqinile ngemva kokuvala, i-valve yokuhlola enentwasahlobo yokuvala kufanele ikhethwe. 3. Uma isando samanzi sidingeka ukuba sibe buthakathaka, kufanelekile ukukhetha i-valve yokuhlola engenamsindo evala ngokushesha noma i-valve yokuhlola yokuvala kancane enedivayisi yokumanzisa. 4. I-valve break noma i-spool ye-valve yokuhlola kufanele ikwazi ukuzivala ngokwayo ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla adonsela phansi noma entwasahlobo. AMAVAVAVU Okuhlola AYOFAKWA EZINGXENYENI EZLANDELAYO ZEPHIPHA LOKUNIKEZA AMANZI Umthofu ungene epayipini; Epayipini lokungena le-heater yamanzi elivaliwe noma izinto zokusebenzisa amanzi; ipayipi lokuphuma kwephampu lamanzi; Amapayipi amanzi angenayo naphumayo ahlanganiswa nethangi lamanzi, umbhoshongo wamanzi, kanye nengxenye yamapayipi okukhipha amanzi echibini lepayipi elisezintabeni. Qaphela: Akudingekile ukufaka ama-valve okuhlola amasegimenti amapayipi anezivimbeli zokubuyela emuva. (5) Izingxenye ezilandelayo zepayipi eliphakela amanzi kufanele zifakelwe izinto ezikhipha umoya 1. Kuhleloxhumano lokuphakela amanzi asetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile, amavalvu ekhipha amanzi azenzakalelayo kufanele amiswe ekugcineni kanye nendawo ephezulu yenethiwekhi. 2. Ingxenye yenethiwekhi yokuphakelwa kwamanzi enokuguquguquka okusobala nokunqwabelana komoya, ivalvu yokukhipha umoya othomathikhi noma i-valve exhaust eyenziwe ngezandla isethwe endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yalesi sigaba. 3. Idivayisi yokuhlinzeka ngamanzi e-pneumatic, lapho kusetshenziswa ithangi lamanzi le-pneumatic yokugcwalisa umoya othomathikhi, indawo ephakeme kakhulu yenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa amanzi kufanele ifakwe i-valve yokukhipha othomathikhi. Okwesibili, izinzuzo nezingozi zama-valve ahlukahlukene 1, ama-valve esango, i-valve yesango ibhekisela ezingxenyeni zokuvala (isango) eduze nokuqondisa okuqondile kwe-eksisi yesiteshi ukuhambisa i-valve, epayipini isetshenziswa kakhulu njengendlela yokusika. , okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa okuvuliwe noma okuvalwe ngokugcwele. Ngokuvamile, ama-valve esango awakwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukugeleza. Ingasetshenziswa ekucindezelweni kokushisa okuphansi kungasetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu, futhi ngokusho kwezinto ezihlukene ze-valve. Kodwa i-valve yesango ngokuvamile ayisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa udaka neminye imithombo yezindaba epayipini. Izinzuzo: (1) ukumelana noketshezi oluncane; ② itorque edingekayo ukuze uvule futhi uvale incane; ③ ingasetshenziswa ekugelezeni okuphakathi kuya ezinhlangothini ezimbili zomgwaqo wokuphatha inethiwekhi yendandatho, okungukuthi, ukugeleza kwe-medium akukhawulelwe; (4) Uma ivuleke ngokuphelele, indawo yokuvala iguguleka isisetshenziswa sokusebenza kunevalvu yokumisa; ⑤ Isakhiwo somzimba silula, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza buhle; ⑥ Ubude besakhiwo bufushane. Ukungalungi: (1) ubukhulu nokuphakama kokuvula kukhulu, indawo edingekayo yokufaka nayo inkulu; ② Enqubweni yokuvula nokuvala, indawo evalekayo ihambisana nokungqubuzana, ukulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana kukhulu, futhi kulula ukubangela isenzakalo sokuhuzuka ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu; ③ I-valve yesango jikelele inezindawo ezimbili zokubeka uphawu, kuya ekucubunguleni, ukugaya kanye nokugcinwa kwesondlo kwanda ubunzima obuthile; (4) Isikhathi eside sokuvula nokuvala. 2, i-butterfly Butterfly valve iwuhlobo lwe-disc evula futhi ivale izingxenye eziphindaphindayo ezingaba ngu-90 degrees ukuze zivuleke, zivale futhi zilungise uketshezi lwe-valve. Izinzuzo: ① isakhiwo esilula, ivolumu encane, isisindo esincane, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ezingasetshenziswa ku-valve yobubanzi obukhulu; ② ukuvulwa nokuvala ngokushesha, ukumelana nokugeleza okuncane; (3) ingasetshenziselwa okuphakathi nezinhlayiya eziqinile ezimisiwe, ngokusho kwamandla okubeka uphawu kungasetshenziselwa impushana kanye nemidiya ye-granular. Ingasetshenziswa ekuvuleni okubili, ukuvala nokulungiswa kwepayipi lokungena komoya kanye nokususa uthuli, futhi isetshenziswa kumapayipi egesi nasemigwaqweni yamanzi ye-metallurgy, imboni yokukhanya, amandla kagesi kanye nezinhlelo ze-petrochemical, njll. Okubi: ① ububanzi yokulawulwa kokugeleza akunkulu, uma ivulwa kuze kufike ku-30%, ukugeleza kuzongena ngaphezu kwe-95%. ② Ngenxa yesakhiwo kanye nokuvala i-valve ye-butterfly, ayifanele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nesistimu yamapayipi okucindezela okukhulu. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lokusebenza lingaphansi kuka-300 ℃, i-PN40 ngezansi. ③ Ukusebenza kokuvala akulungile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-valve yebhola ne-globe valve, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho imfuneko yokuvala ingekho phezulu kakhulu. I-3, i-valve yebhola Ivele isuka ku-valve yepulaki, ingxenye yayo yokuvula nokuvala iyibhola, ukusetshenziswa kwebhola ezizungeze i-axis ye-valve stem rotation 90 ° ukufeza inhloso yokuvula nokuvala. Ama-valve amabhola asetshenziswa kakhulu ukusika, ukusabalalisa kanye nokushintsha isiqondiso sokugeleza okuphakathi epayipini. Ama-valve ebhola aklanywe njengezimbobo ezimise okwe-V nawo anomsebenzi omuhle wokulawula ukugeleza. Izinzuzo: ① Inokumelana nokugeleza okuphansi (empeleni ngu-0); ② Ngenxa yokuthi ngeke ibambeke emsebenzini (ngaphandle kwesithambiso), ingasetshenziswa ngendlela ethembekile emithonjeni egqwalayo kanye noketshezi lwamaphuzu abilayo aphansi; (3) Ezindaweni eziningi zokucindezela kanye nezinga lokushisa, ingafinyelela ukubekwa uphawu okuphelele; ④ Ukuvula nokuvala ngokushesha kungenziwa. Isikhathi sokuvula nokuvala kwezinye izakhiwo yi-0.05-0.1s, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo lwebhentshi lokuhlola. Lapho uvula futhi uvala i-valve ngokushesha, ukusebenza akunawo umthelela. ⑤ Izingxenye zokuvala eziyindilinga zingabekwa ngokuzenzakalelayo endaweni yomngcele; ⑥ isisetshenziswa esisebenzayo sivalwe ngokuthembekile nhlangothi zombili; ⑦ endaweni evuleke ngokuphelele futhi ivaleke ngokugcwele, ibhola nendawo yokuvala isihlalo se-valve kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuphakathi nendawo, ngakho isivinini esikhulu ngokusebenzisa i-valve medium ngeke kubangele ukuguguleka kwendawo yokuvala; ⑧ Isakhiwo esihlangene, isisindo esilula, singacatshangwa ukuthi yisakhiwo se-valve esinengqondo kakhulu sohlelo oluphansi lokushisa oluphakathi; ⑨ I-Symmetrical valve body, ikakhulukazi isakhiwo somzimba we-valve eshiselwe, ingamelana nokucindezeleka okuvela epayipi kahle; ⑩ Izingxenye zokuvala zingamelana nomehluko wengcindezi ephezulu uma kuvalwa. (11) umzimba we-valve oshiselwe ngokugcwele, ungangcwatshwa ngokuqondile emhlabathini, ukuze i-valve yangaphakathi ukugqwala, impilo yesevisi ephakeme kakhulu efinyelela eminyakeni engama-30, uwoyela, ipayipi legesi yemvelo liyivalvu ekahle. Ukungalungi: ① ngenxa yokuthi indandatho yokuvala isihlalo se-valve eyinhloko yi-PTFE, ayisebenzi cishe kuwo wonke amakhemikhali, futhi ine-coefficient encane yokungqubuzana, ukusebenza okuzinzile, akulula ukuguga, ukufakwa kwezinga lokushisa okuhlukahlukene kanye nezici eziphelele zokuvala ukusebenza kahle. . Kodwa-ke, IZIMPAWU ZOMZIMBA ZE-TEFLON, KUHLANGANISA NE-COEFFICIENT EPHEZULU YOKUKHUBUKA, UKUZWA KUKAKUBANDA, KANYE NOKUZIPHATHA OKUNGEMBUDUKO OKUSHISAYO, KUDINGA UKUTHI KAYINWE ISIHLALO MAYELANA NAlezi ZIMPAWU. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinto zokuvala ziba nzima, ukuthembeka kophawu kulimale. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iTeflon inebanga eliphansi lokumelana nezinga lokushisa futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo esingaphansi kuka-180 ℃. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kushisa, into yokuvala izoguga. Endabeni yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa ku-120 ℃. (2) ukusebenza kwayo kokulawula kubi kakhulu kune-valve yembulunga, ikakhulukazi i-valve yomoya (noma i-valve kagesi). 4, i-valve yokumisa Ivalvu lapho ilungu elivalayo (idiski) lihamba ngomugqa omaphakathi wesihlalo. Ngokwalokhu kunyakaza kwe-disc, ukuguqulwa kwesihlalo se-valve ngokusebenzisa i-valve ngokulingana ne-disc stroke. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lwe-valve isiqu esivulekile noma esiseduze sifushane, futhi sinomsebenzi wokunqanyulwa okuthembeke kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokushintshwa kwesihlalo se-valve ngokushaywa kwe-disc silingana nobudlelwane, kulungele kakhulu ukulawula ukugeleza. . Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-valve lufaneleka kakhulu ukusika noma ukulungisa nokudonsa. Izinzuzo: ① ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala, ngoba ukungqubuzana phakathi kwediski nendawo yokuvala i-valve kuncane kune-valve yesango, ngakho-ke ayigugi. Ukuphakama kokuvula ngokuvamile kuba * 1/4 wesiteshi sesihlalo, kuncane kakhulu kune-valve yesango; ③ Ngokuvamile kunendawo eyodwa yokuvala emzimbeni we-valve kanye ne-disc, ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bungcono futhi kulula ukubugcina. ④ Ngenxa yokuthi isigcwalisi ngokuvamile siyingxube ye-asbestos ne-graphite, sinokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ama-valve e-steam ngokuvamile asetshenziswa nama-stop valves. Ukungalungi: ① ngenxa yokugeleza kwe-medium nge-valve kushintshile, ngakho-ke ukumelana nokugeleza okuncane kwe-valve yembulunga kuphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamavalvu; ② Ngenxa yohambo olude, isivinini sokuvula sihamba kancane kune-valve yebhola. 5. I-valve yokuxhuma Ibhekisela engxenyeni evalayo ku-valve ejikelezayo emise okuka-plunger, ngamadigri angu-90 wokuzungezisa ukuze ipulaki yevalvu embobeni yesiteshi kanye nomzimba wevalvu embobeni yesiteshi ixhunywe noma ihlukaniswe, ivule noma ivale ivalvu. Ipulaki ingaba yi-cylindrical noma i-conical ngesimo. Umgomo wayo ngokuyisisekelo ufana ne-valve yebhola, i-valve yebhola ithuthukiswa ngesisekelo se-plug valve, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxhashazweni kwensimu kawoyela, kodwa futhi isetshenziswa embonini ye-petrochemical.